Syrian Refugees in the Turkish Labour Market: A Socio-Economic Analysis

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 46, 51 - 74, 31.10.2020

Luis Pinedo Caro

https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2020.04.03

Cited By: 10

Öz

This article explores the socio-economic conditions of Syrian refugees in Turkey with the help of the Household Labour Force Survey. Firstly, it describes and analyses some of the challenges derived from an expansive population pyramid, low school attendance rates and high labour market attachment from an early age. Then, it assesses the employment and wage structure of Syrian workers, including the estimation of returns to schooling and a test for employer discrimination towards Syrian refugees. On the one hand, the results suggest that refugees are not discriminated against comparable Turkish employees. On the other hand, for Syrians with university degrees, informal work arrangements and lack of prior learning recognition make their return to schooling five times lower than that of formally employed Turkish citizens.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Syrian Refugees in Turkey, Working Conditions, Living Conditions

Destekleyen Kurum

International Labour Organization

Teşekkür

The author would like to thank Varol Dur and the Program of Support for Refugees’ team of the ILO office in Turkey for useful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. The provision of the 2017 Household Labour Force Survey by the Turkish Statistical Institute under the license 27964695-622.03-E.26626 is appreciated.

Türkiye’de İşgücü Piyasasında Suriyeli Mülteciler: Sosyoekonomik Bir Analiz

Öz

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’deki Suriyeli mültecilerin sosyo-ekonomik koşulları araştırılmaktadır. Araştırmada TÜİK’in Hanehalkı İşgücü Anketlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Öncelikle Türkiye’deki kalabalık Suriyeli nüfusun çocuk yaşlardan itibaren okula gitmek yerine çalışma hayatına yönelmesinden kaynaklanan sorunlar analiz edilmiştir. Sonrasında ise mültecilerin işyerindeki durumu, ücretleri, aldıkları eğitimin işgücü piyasasındaki getirisi ve işveren tarafından ayrımcılığa maruz kalıp kalmadıkları değerlendirme konusu yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçları mültecilerin benzer özelliklerdeki Türk çalışanlar ile kıyaslandıklarında ayrımcılığa maruz kalmadıklarına işaret etmektedir. Ancak üniversite mezunu Suriyelilerin diploma tanınırlığının bulunmaması ve iş yerinde kayıt dışı çalışmaları nedeniyle, aldıkları eğitimin işgücü piyasasındaki getirisi Türk çalışanlara göre beşte bir düzeyindedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Türkiye’de Suriyeli Mülteciler, Çalışma Koşulları, Yaşam Koşulları

Kaynakça

• Bircan, T. & U. Sunata (2015), “Educational assessment of Syrian refugees in Turkey”, Migration Letters, 12(3), 226-237.
• Ceritoğlu, E. & B. Gürcihan-Yüncüler & H. Torun & S. Tümen (2015), “The impact of Syrian refugees on natives’ labor market outcomes in Turkey: Evidence from a quasi-experimental design”, IZA Discussion Paper Series, No. 9348.
• Del Carpio, X.V. & M. Wagner (2015), “The impact of Syrian refugees on the Turkish labor market”, Policy Research Working Paper 7402, World Bank Group, August 2015.
• Erdoğan, M. (2017), “Syrians barometer - 2017: A framework for achieving social cohesion with Syrians in Turkey”, Executive summary.
• İçduygu, A. & E. Diker (2017), “Labor market integration of Syrian refugees in Turkey: From refugees to settlers”, The Journal of Migration Studies, 3(1), 12-35.
• İçduygu, A. & E. Millet (2016), “Syrian refugees in Turkey: Insecure lives in an environment of pseudo-integration”, Koç University Working Paper 13, August 2016.
• Kaymaz, T. & O. Kadboy (2016), “Syrians in turkey - the economics of integration”, Alsharq Forum, Expert Brief.
• Konun, B.B. & S. Tümen (2016), “Immigration and prices: Quasi-experimental evidence from Syrian refugees in Turkey”, Central Bank of Turkey Working Paper No 16/01.
• ORSAM (2015), “Effects of the Syrian refugees on Turkey”, Ortadoğu Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi, Report No 195, January 2015.
• Pinedo-Caro, L. (2019a), “Identifying Syrian refugees in Turkish microdata”, ILO Research Department Working Paper No 46.
• Pinedo-Caro, L. (2019b), “The impact of Syrian refugees: The costs and benefits of informal employment”, unpublished manuscript.
• Spence, M. (1973), “Job market signalling”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 87(3), 355-374.
• Tümen, S. (2016), “The economic impact of Syrian refugees on host countries: Quasi-experimental evidence from Turkey”, American Economic Review, 106(5), 456-460.
• Uçak, S. & K. Raman (2017), “Another side of the story: A market assessment of Syrian SMEs in Turkey”, Building Markets.
• UNHCR (2014), “Regional refugee and resilience plan 2015-2016 in response to the Syria crisis”, 3PR.