Yenilik ve Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki İlişki: Panel Eşbütünleşme ve Panel Nedensellik Analizi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 54, 313 - 334, 25.10.2022

Gökhan Demirtaş , Şule Yüksel Çakırca

https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2022.04.17

Cited By: 1

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, yenilik ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Bu amaçla, 1996-2018 yılları için 36 gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülke üzerinde panel eşbütünleşme ve nedensellik analizi uygulanmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre ekonomik büyüme, patent başvuru sayısını (PA) ve birleşik yenilik endeksini (CII) olumlu yönde etkilerken ekonomik büyüme, patent iş birliği anlaşması (PCT) belge sayısını etkilememektedir. Diğer yandan çalışmanın sonuçları, PA ve PCT belge sayısının ekonomik büyüme üzerinde olumlu bir etkisi olduğunu, CII’nın ise ekonomik büyüme üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yenilik, Ekonomik Büyüme, Panel Eşbütünleşme Analizi, Panel Nedensellik Analizi, Temel Bileşenler Analizi

The Relationship Between Innovation and Economic Growth: Panel Cointegration and Panel Causality Analysis

Öz

This paper aims to examine the relationship between innovation and economic growth. For this purpose, panel cointegration and causality analysis were applied to 36 developed and developing countries from 1996-2018. According to the study results, economic growth positively affects the number of patent applications (PA) and composed innovation index (CII). In contrast, economic growth does not affect the number of patent cooperation treaty (PCT) documents. On the other hand, the results show that while PA and PCT documents positively affect economic growth, the CII does not significantly affect economic growth.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Innovation, Economic Growth, Panel Cointegration Analysis, Panel Causality Analysis, Principal Components Analysis

Kaynakça

• Adak, M. (2015), “Technological Progress, Innovation and Economic Growth; the Case of Turkey”, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 776-782.
• Aghion, P. & P. Howitt (1992), “A Model of Growth Through Creative Destruction”, Econometrica, 60(2), 323-351.
• Alene, A.D. (2010), “Productivity growth and the effects of R&D in African agriculture”, Agricultural Economics, 41(3-4), 223-238.
• Altın, O. & A. Kaya (2009), “Türkiye’de AR-GE Harcamaları ve Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki Nedensel İlişkinin Analizi”, Ege Akademik Bakış, 9(1), 251-259.
• Altıntaş, H. & M. Mercan (2015), “AR-GE harcamaları ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi: OECD ülkeleri üzerine yatay kesit bağımlılığı altında panel eşbütünleşme analizi”, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 70(2), 345-376.
• Andergassen, R. & F. Nardini (2005), “Endogenous innovation waves and economic growth”, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 16(4), 522-539.
• Arrow, K.J. (1961), “The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing”, Office of Naval Research, Technical Report No.101.
• Barış, S. (2018), “Türkiye’de Teknolojik Yenilik ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi”, Verimlilik Dergisi, 1, 83-112.
• Barro, R.J. (1990), “Government Spending in a Simple Model of Endogenous Growth”, Journal of Political Economy, 98(5), 103-125.
• Bernier, M. & M. Plouffe (2019), “Financial innovation, economic growth, and the consequences of macroprudential policies”, Research in Economics, 73(2), 162-173.
• Bucci, A. et al. (2021), “Economic growth and innovation complexity: An empirical estimation of a Hidden Markov Model”, Economic Modelling, 98, 86-99.
• Dam, M.M. & B. Yıldız (2016), “BRICS-TM Ülkelerinde AR-GE ve İnovasyonun Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerinde Etkisi: Ekonometrik Bir Analiz”, Akdeniz İİBF Dergisi, 16(33), 220-236.
• Dumitrescu, E.I. & C. Hurlin (2012), “Testing for Granger non-causality in heterogeneous panels”, Economic Modelling, 29(4), 1450-1460.
• Eberhardt, M. & S. Bond (2009), “Cross-section dependence in nonstationary panel models: a novel estimator”, MPRA, 17692, Munich Personal RePEc Archive.
• Eid, A. (2012), “Higher education R&D and productivity growth: an empirical study on high-income OECD countries”, Education Economics, 20(1), 53-68.
• Falk, M. (2007), “R&D spending in the high-tech sector and economic growth”, Research in Economics, 61(3), 140-147.
• Fan, S. et al. (2017), “Innovation and economic growth in the mining industry: Evidence from China’s listed companies”, Resources Policy, 54, 25-42.
• Galindo, M.A. & M.T. Méndez (2013), “Entrepreneurship, economic growth, and innovation: Are feedback effects at work?”, Journal of Business Research, 67(5), 825-829.
• Goel, R. & R. Ram (1994), “Research and Development Expenditures and Economic Growth: A Cross-Country Study”, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 42(2), 403-411.
• Göçer, İ. (2013), “AR-GE Harcamalarının Yüksek Teknolojili Ürün İhracatı, Dış Ticaret Dengesi ve Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkileri”, Maliye Dergisi, 165(2), 215-240.
• Griffith, R. et al. (2004), “Mapping the Two Faces of R&D: Productivity Growth in a Panel of OECD Industries”, The Review of Economics and Statistics, 86(4), 883-895.
• Grossman, G.M. & E. Helpman (1989), “Comparative Advantage and Long-Run Growth”, NBER Working Paper, 2809, National Breau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.
• Grossman, G.M. & E. Helpman (1994), “Endogenous Innovation in the Theory of Growth”, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 8(1), 23-44.
• Guellec, D. & B. Van Pottelsberghe (2004), “From R&D to Productivity Growth: Do the Institutional Settings and the Source of Funds of R&D Matter?”, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 66(3), 353-378.
• Gülmez, A. & A.G. Akpolat (2014), “AR-GE & İnovasyon ve Ekonomik Büyüme: Türkiye ve AB Örneği İçin Dinamik Panel Veri Analizi”, AİBÜ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 14(2), 1-17.
• Gülmez, A. & F. Yardımcıoğlu (2012), “OECD Ülkelerinde AR-GE Harcamaları ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Panel Eşbütünleşme ve Panel Nedensellik Analizi (1990-2010)”, Maliye Dergisi, 163, 335-353.
• Güneş, H. (2019), “AR-GE Harcamaları ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: OECD Ülkeleri İçin Panel Veri Analizi”, Sakarya İktisat Dergisi, 8(2), 160-176.
• Hasan, I. & C.L. Tucci (2010), “The innovation-economic growth nexus: Global evidence”, Research Policy, 39(10), 1264-1276.
• Inekwe, J.N. (2015), “The Contribution of R&D Expenditure to Economic Growth in Developing Economies”, Social Indicators Research, 124(3), 727-745.
• Işık, N. & E.C. Kılınç (2016), “İnovasyon-Temelli Ekonomi: Seçilmiş Ülkeler Üzerine Bir Uygulama”, Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 16(1), 13-28.
• Jian, J. et al. (2020), “Business creation, innovation, and economic growth: Evidence from China’s economic transition, 1978-2017”, Economic Modelling, 96, 371-378.
• Kacprzyk, A. & W. Doryń (2015), “Innovation and Economic Growth in European Union Panel Data Analysis”, Lodz Economics Working Papers, 3/2014, Faculty of Economics and Sociology, University of Lodz.
• Kesbiç, C.Y. & D. Şimşek (2020), “OECD Ülkelerinde İnovasyonun Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkisi: Schumpeter Haklı Mı?”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 38, 273-296.
• Lucas, R.E. (1988), “On The Mechanics of Economic Development”, Journal of Monetary Economics, 22, 3-42.
• Maradana, R.P. et al. (2019), “Innovation and economic growth in European Economic Area countries: The Granger causality approach”, IIMB Management Review, 31(3), 268-282.
• Moutinho, R. et al. (2015), “Beyond the “Innovation’s Black-Box”: Translating R&D outlays into employment and economic growth”, Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 50, 45-58.
• Oğuztürk, B.S. vd. (2017), “Güney Kore’nin Büyüme Sürecinde İnovasyonun Rolü: Ekonometrik Bir Analiz 1984-2015”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 22(4), 1203-1222.
• Özden, B. & D. Uysal (2020), “Türkiye’de İnovasyon ve Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki İlişki”, International Journal of Ecomomics and Politics Academic Reseaarches, 4(10), 53-64.
• Pala, A. (2019), “Innovation and Economic Growth in Developing Countries: Empirical Implication of Swamy’s Random Coefficient Model (RCM)”, Procedia Computer Science, 158, 1122-1130.
• Pece, A.M. et al. (2015), “Innovation and economic growth: An empirical analysis for CEE countries”, Procedia Economics and Finance, 26, 461-467.
• Pesaran, M.H. & T. Yamagata (2008), “Testing slope homogeneity in large panels”, Journal of Econometrics, 142(1), 50-93.
• Pesaran, M.H. (2004), “General Diagnostic Tests for Cross Section Dependence in Panels”, IZA DP, 1240, Discussion Paper Series, Cambridge.
• Pesaran, M.H. (2007), “A Simple Panel Unit Root Test in the Presence of Cross-Section Dependence”, Journal of Applied Econometrics, 22(2), 265-312.
• Pradhan, R.P. et al. (2018a), “Are innovation and financial development causative factors in economic growth? Evidence from a panel granger causality test”, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 132, 130-142.
• Pradhan, R.P. et al. (2018b), “Endogenous dynamics between innovation, financial markets, venture capital and economic growth: Evidence from Europe”, Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 45, 15-34.
• Pradhan, R.P. et al. (2020), “The dynamics among entrepreneurship, innovation, and economic growth in the Eurozone countries”, Journal of Policy Modeling, 42(5), 1106-1122.
• Romer, P.M. (1986), “Increasing Returns and Long-Run Growth”, Journal of Political Economy, 94(5), 1002-1037.
• Romer, P.M. (1990), “Endogenous Technological Change”, NBER Working Paper Series, 3210, National Breau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.
• Sadraoui, T. & N.B. Zina (2009), “A dynamic panel data analysis for R&D cooperation and economic growth”, International Journal of Foresight and Innovation Policy, 5(4), 218-233.
• Schumpeter, J. & U. Backhaus (2003), “The Theory of Economic Development”, in: Joseph Alois Schumpeter (61-116), Springer, Boston, MA.
• Schumpeter, J.A. (1939), Business Cycles. A Theoretical, Historical and Statistical Analysis of the Capitalist Process, New York Toronto London: McGraw-Hill Book Company.
• Schumpeter, J.A. (1947), “The Creative Response in Economic History”, The Journal of Economic History, 7(2), 149-159.
• Solow, R.M. (1956), “A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth”, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 70(1), 65-94.
• Sungur, O. vd. (2016), “Türkiye’de AR-GE, İnovasyon, İhracat ve Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki İlişki: Asimetrik Nedensellik Analizi”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 21(1), 173-192.
• Sylwester, K. (2001), “R&D and Economic Growth”, Knowledge, Technology, & Policy, 13(4), 71-84.
• Ulku, H. (2004), “R&D, Innovation, and Economic Growth: An Empirical Analysis”, IMF Working Paper, 04/185.
• Westerlund, J. (2007), “Testing for Error Correction in Panel Data”, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 69(6), 709-748.
• Wu, Y. & L. Zhou (2007), “Cointegration and causality between R&D expenditure and economic growth in China: 1953-2004”, International Conference on Public Administration, 1-4.
• Xiong, A. et al. (2020), “Can innovation really bring economic growth? The role of social filter in China”, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 53, 50-61.
• Yang, C.H. (2006), “Is innovation the story of Taiwan’s economic growth?”, Journal of Asian Economics, 17(5), 867-878.