Ticaret Anlaşmaları ve Gümrük Birlikleri Uluslararası Ticarette Kümeleşmeye Neden Oluyor Mu?

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 54, 165 - 177, 25.10.2022

Ayşe Sevencan , Çağrı Levent Uslu

https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2022.04.08

Öz

Bu makale, ticaret kalıpları üzerindeki ex-post bölgesel ticaret anlaşmalarının ve gümrük birliklerinin rolünü değerlendirmek için bir çekim modeli kullanmaktadır. Bu makalenin geleneksel çekim modeline birincil katkısı, ticaret anlaşmalarının ikili ticaret hacimlerini önemli ölçüde etkileyip etkilemediğini belirlemektir. İkincil katkı, ticaret anlaşmaları ve ekonomik birlikler arasındaki içi ve dış ticaret gruplaşmalarını ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu amaçla geleneksel çekim modeline üç kukla değişken eklendi. Sonuçlar, ticaret ortakları açısından (a) mesafeye bağlı olarak ve (b) bir ticaret anlaşmasına ve/veya ekonomik birliğe üye olmaya bağlı olarak hafif bir kümelenme göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ticaret, Gümrük Birliği, Çekim Modeli

Do Trade Agreements and Economic Unions Create Clusters in Global International Trade?

Öz

This paper employs a gravity model to assess the role of ex-post regional trade agreements and customs unions on trade patterns. The primary contribution of this paper to the conventional gravity modal is to embed trade agreements and determine whether they have significantly affected bilateral trade. The secondary contribution is to reveal intra and inter-union/agreement trade patterns among trade agreements and economic unions. Three dummy variables were also introduced to the conventional gravity model. Results showed a slight clustering in trade partners (a) depending on the distance and (b) depending on being a member of a trade agreement and/or economic union.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Trade, Customs Union, Gravity Model

Kaynakça

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