Bir Politik Söz Edimi Olarak “Acı İçindeyim”: Wittgenstein, Dil ve Acı Söylemi

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 470 - 489, 26.03.2026

Gizem Kayahan Dal

https://doi.org/10.29110/soylemdergi.1853551

https://izlik.org/JA58XA95GB

Öz

Bu çalışma, “Acı çekiyorum” ifadesinin yalnızca içsel bir duyumun basit bir aktarımı olmadığını; anlamı, etkisi ve sonuçları ortak dilsel ve toplumsal pratikler içinde ortaya çıkan politik bir söz edimi olduğunu savunur. Biyomedikal, psikolojik, sosyal ve politik yaklaşımlardan yararlanarak, acının biyolojik mekanizmalar, öznel yorumlama, kültürel normlar ve iktidar yapıları tarafından üretilen ve şekillenen çok boyutlu bir olgu olduğunu gösterir. Wittgenstein’ın dil oyunları anlayışı, antropolojik ve sosyodilbilimsel çözümlemelerle birlikte ele alınarak, acının yalnızca çığlık ve bağırma gibi sesler, metaforlar, anlatılar ya da jestler gibi kamusal olarak tanınabilir ölçütler aracılığıyla ifade edildiğinde anlaşılır hale geldiği ortaya konur. Dilsel ifade acının yalnızca betimleyicisi değil, kurucu unsurudur; ifade edilmediğinde ya da tanınmadığında acı, toplumsal veya siyasal düzeyde silinme riski taşır. Söz edimi kuramı ile edimsellik ve tanınma çerçevesi üzerinden çalışma, “Acı çekiyorum” ifadesini yanıt talep eden, kırılganlığı ortaya koyan, toplumsal ilişkileri yeniden düzenleyen ve inandırıcılık ile otorite hiyerarşilerini açığa çıkaran edimsöz bir eylem olarak kavramsallaştırır. Bu söz ediminin başarısı, konuşanları farklı biçimlerde meşrulaştıran normatif ve kurumsal yapılara bağlı olduğundan, acının ifadesi görünürlük, ilgi ve iktidarın eşitsiz dağılımını açığa çıkaran ve onu tartışmaya açan politik bir müdahale olarak işler.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Acı , Söz Edimi/Konuşma Eylemi , Wittgenstein , Edimsellik , Politik Tanınma

‘I Am in Pain’ as a Political Speech Act: Wittgenstein, Language, and the Discourse of Pain

https://izlik.org/JA58XA95GB

Öz

This study argues that the utterance “I am in pain” is not a simple report of an internal sensation but a political speech act whose meaning, force, and consequences emerge through shared linguistic and social practices. Drawing on biomedical, psychological, and social, and political approaches, the study demonstrates that pain is a multidimensional phenomenon produced and shaped by biological mechanisms, subjective interpretation, cultural norms, and structures of power. Integrating Wittgenstein’s account of language-games with anthropological and sociolinguistic analyses, it shows that pain becomes intelligible only when expressed through publicly recognisable criteria, such as cries, metaphors, narratives, or gestures. Linguistic expression is constitutive of pain, not merely descriptive: without articulation or acknowledgment, pain risks becoming socially or politically erased. Through speech act theory and framework of performativity and recognition, the study conceptualises “I am in pain” as an illocutionary act that demands response, asserts vulnerability, reorganises social relations, and exposes hierarchies of credibility and authority. Because its success depends on normative and institutional structures that differentially legitimise speakers, the expression of pain operates as a political intervention that reveals and contests the unequal distribution of visibility, care, and power.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pain , Speech Act , Wittgenstein , Performativity , Political Recognition.

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