Eril Söz, Mekan ve Zamanın Çözünmesi: T. S. Eliot'n "Burnt Norton" ve "East Coker" Adlı Şiirleri

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 1532 - 1546, 31.12.2024

Zehra Gündar

https://doi.org/10.29110/soylemdergi.1564746

Öz

Bu çalışma, T.S. Eliot’ın Dört Kuartet’indeki “Burnt Norton” ve “East Coker” adlı şiirleri anaç ve dişil olanı, post-yapısalcı feminist teorilerden yararlanarak analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Eliot’un bütün şiirlerinin ve bu iki şiirin cinsiyet ilişkileri ve anaç açısından ayrıntılı bir şekilde anlaşılması, Eliot’ın biyografisi, evlilikleri de dahil olmak üzere kadınlarla ilişkileri, dalgalı dini yaşantısı ve 1927’de Anglikan Kilisesi’ne geçişinin bir kombinasyonu olan bir analizi gerektirir; ki bu aslında özü bulma arzusuyla bağlantılıdır. Eliot’un İngiltere Kilisesi’ne resmen geçişi ve Anglo-Katolisizm’den daha yüksek bir kilise versiyonu arayışı, dinin bu mezhebinin enkarnasyon ve Meryem’in sublimasyonu doktrinlerine daha yakın olması anaç kavramının daha derin bir şekilde anlaşılması için önemlidir. Bu iki husus, T.S. Eliot’ın son dönem çalışmalarındaki cinsiyet tartışmasında özellikle önemlidir, çünkü bu hususlar sınırların bulanıklaşmasına, zıtlıkların birleşmesine ve nihai olana ulaşmada dişil öğenin öneminin anlaşılmasına alan açarlar. Öte yandan, kadınları arzu nesnesi olarak ele alıp heteroseksüel normlara tutunmak yerine, son dönem eserlerinde ve özellikle Dört Kuartet’te kadın, anlamlı bir varoluş ve ruhun birliğe doğru yolculuğunun tamamlanması için olmazsa olmaz olan ilahi bir unsur haline gelir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

East Coker, Burnt Norton, Dört Kuartet, Anaç, Toplumsal Cinsiyet, Falogosentrizm

T.S. Eliot’s “Burnt Norton” and “East Coker”: The Patriarchal Word, Space and Temporal Unbound

Öz

This study aims at analyzing the maternal and the feminine in T.S. Eliot’s “Burnt Norton” and “East Coker” in his Four Quartets benefiting from post-structural feminist theories. An elaborate understanding of his poetry and these two poems in terms of gender relations and the maternal involves an analysis that is a combination of Eliot’s biography, his relations to women including his marriages, his fluctuating religious life and conversion to the Anglican Church in 1927, which actually involves a desire to find the essence. His formal conversion to Church of England and pursuit of a high-church version of Anglo-Catholicism is significant for a deeper understanding of the maternal in that this sect of the religion included doctrines of incarnation and sublimation of Mary. These two aspects are particularly important in the discussion of gender in T.S. Eliot’s late works since they open up space for the blurring of boundaries, the unification of opposites and the significance of the feminine element in reaching the ultimate. Besides, instead of treating women as objects of desire and clinging to heterosexual norms, the female becomes the divine element in his late works and particularly Four Quartets, which is quintessential for a meaningful existence and the completion of the soul’s journey towards unity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

East Coker, Burnt Norton, Maternal, Gender, Phallogocentrism

Kaynakça

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