15-17 Yaş Erkek Basketbolculara Uygulanan Dirençli Pliometrik Antrenmanların Sprint ve Çeviklik Performansına Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı; 15-17 yaş erkek basketbolculara uygulanan 12 haftalık dirençli pliometrik antrenman programının sprint ve çeviklik performansına etkisinin araştırılmasıdır.

Yöntem: Çalışmaya yaş ortalamaları 15,8±0,8 yıl, vücut ağırlığı 71.56±0.95 kg, boy ortalaması 182.86±0.90 cm antrenman yaşı 4±1.8 yıl olan düzenli antrenman yapan 35 erkek basketbolcu gönüllü olarak katıldı. Sporcular antrenman protokollerine göre rastgele kontrol, pliometrik ve dirençli pliometrik olarak üç gruba ayrıldı. 12 hafta süresince haftada 5 gün, kontrol grubu sadece standart basketbol antrenmanı yaparken, pliometrik antrenman grubu standart basketbol antrenmanına ek olarak haftada 3 gün pliometrik sıçrama,  dirençli pliometrik antrenman grubu ise standart basketbol antrenmanına ek olarak “Vertimax©” cihazı kullanarak, haftada 3 gün dirençli pliometrik antrenman çalışması yaptı. Tüm sporcuların boy uzunluğu ve vücut ağırlığı ölçümleri ve çeviklik, 10m ve 20m sprint performans testleri çalışmanın başında ve sonunda yapıldı. Çalışmada ilk ve son test karşılaştırmaları için bağımlı örneklem t testi, gruplar arası karşılaştırmalar için tek yönlü varyans analizi kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Grupların ilk ve son ölçümleri karşılaştırıldığında üç grupta da çeviklik ve 20m koşu süresi ortalamalarında son testler lehine istatistiksel olarak iyileşme görüldü (p < .05). 10m koşu süresinde ise kontrol ve dirençli pliometrik antrenman gruplarında ilk ölçüme göre iyileşme tespit edildi (p< .05). Çeviklik performansının son test sonuçları incelendiğinde dirençli pliometrik ve pliometrik antrenman gruplarının kontrol grubuna göre daha iyi performans gösterdiği tespit edildi (p< .05).  20m koşu süresi son test ölçümlerinin gruplar arası karşılaştırmasında, sadece dirençli pliometrik antrenman grubunun kontrol grubuna göre daha iyi olduğu saptandı (p< .05).  10 m koşu süresi son test ölçümlerinde ise gruplar arası fark bulunmadı (p> .05). 

Sonuç: 12 hafta boyunca farklı protokollerde uygulanan antrenman programı çeviklik ve sprint performansında olumlu yönde farklılıklara yol açtı. Çeviklik performansında pliometrik ve dirençli pliometrik gruplarda gelişim daha fazla oluştu. Sprint sürelerinde de gelişim pliometrik grupta daha fazla oldu. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adolesan,çeviklik,sprint,basketbol,pliometrik

The Impact of Resistant Pliometric Training on Sprint and Agility Performance of 15-17 Years Old Male Basketball Players

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of resistance plyometric training for 12 weeks on sprint and agility performance of male basketball players aged between 15-17 years.

Methods: 35 male regularly trained basketball players with the mean age of 15.8 ± 0.8 years, the body weight of 71.56 ± 0.95 kg, the mean height of 182.86 ± 0.90 cm and the mean of years of training of 4±1,8 years voluntarily participated in the study. The athletes were randomly divided into three groups as control, plyometric and resistant plyometric. While control group performed a standard basketball training 5 days per week, the plyometric group performed 3 days plyometric jump in addition to standard basketball training and the resistant plyometric group performed a resistant plyometric training by using the "Vertimax© " device three days a week during 12 weeks in addition to standard basketball training. Physical characteristics such as age, sports age, height and weight, parameters of performance (agility, 10 and 20 meters sprint running time) were measured both at the beginning and at the end of training program. Results presented as mean ± standard deviation, and a level of p<0.05 set as statistical significance level.

Results: Initial and final comparisons of the groups demonstrated that all three groups showed an improvement in agility and 20m sprint running performances (p< .05). Control and resistance plyometric training groups showed an improvement in 10m sprint running performance in a comparison with the initial scores (p< .05). Final measurements of agility scores showed that plyometric and resistance plyometric training groups had a better performance in a comparison with the control group (p< .05). Statistical comparisons of the final measurement of the 20m sprint running showed that only resistance plyometric training group had a better performance in comparison with the control group (p< .05). No statistical differences found among groups in 10m sprint running performances(p> .05).

Conclusion: In conclusion, the results of the present study showed that both plyometric and resistance plyometric training for 12 weeks improves the agility performance, however, resistance plyometric training results an additional improvement in 10m and 20m sprint running performance in a comparison with the plyometric training with the same duration.

Keywords

• Plyometric,basketball,adolescents,sprint,agility.

Kaynakça

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