AN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION CASE WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM: UNHCR

Öz

Although international organizations emerging in 19th century purposed to restrict sovereignty areas of nation-states about solving international problems beginning from their establisment, they did not prevent themselves from impact of states. So, they have become a part of international problems mostly caused by states, supporting people suffering from these problems as emergency assistance institutions for a while.

Consequently, international organizations transform from position involved decision-maker, enforcement and legitimacy power against states to international assistance institutions that supporting states in social crisis on account of this impact. In parallel with this, their roles and capacities in solution of international problems also decrease. As a result of this transformation, they have to face more problems in financial and institutional areas. In this study, it is aimed to show this change of international organizations by examining United Nations High Commisioner of Refugees (UNHCR) case.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• international organizations, UNHCR, refugees, international problems, national interests

ULUSLARARASI SİSTEM ÇERÇEVESİNDE BİR ULUSLARARASI ÖRGÜT ÖRNEĞİ: BMMYK

Öz

19. yüzyılda ortaya çıkmaya başlayan uluslararası örgütler kuruluşlarından itibaren uluslararası sorunların çözümü konusunda ulus devletlerin egemenlik alanlarını daraltmayı amaçlamış olmasına rağmen, devletlerin etkisinden kendilerini koruyamadılar. Bu nedenle, uluslararası örgütler, zamanla bu sorunlardan zarar gören insanlara acil yardım sağlayan kuruluşlar olarak çoğunlukla devletlerin sebep olduğu uluslararası sorunların birer parçası haline geldiler.

Sonuç olarak, uluslararası örgütler, devletlere karşı karar verici, yaptırım uygulayıcı ve hukuki güç sahibi olma pozisyonundan devletlerin etkisi nedeniyle yaşanan sosyal krizlerde onlara destek sağlayan uluslararası yardım kuruluşlarına dönüştüler. Buna paralel olarak, uluslararası problemlerin çözümündeki rolleri ve kapasiteleri de azaldı. Bu dönüşümün bir sonucu olarak ise, finansal ve kurumsal alanlarda daha fazla sorunla karşılaşmak zorunda kaldılar. Bu çalışmada, Birleşmiş Milletler Mülteciler Yüksel Komiserliği (BMMYK) örneği ele alınarak, uluslararası örgütlerin yaşadığı bu değişimin gösterilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uluslararası örgütler, BMMYK, mülteciler, uluslararası sorunlar, ulusal çıkarlar

Kaynakça

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