Standardization of Psychological and Educational Scales and Test

Öz

The current article aims to clarify the various necessary steps that researchers in the psychological and educational fields must follow when using various tests, scales and questionnaires in their research and studies. These steps are collectively called “standardization”; which includes different stages, the first of which is determining the ease or difficulty of the test items for the standardization sample, then the extent to which each item can discriminate in the performance of the sample members as well as its stability. This is followed by the second stage, which includes verifying the psychometric properties of the measurement tool. In the third stage, the researcher must extract the standards that give meaning to the results of the measurement tool, through which he/she can interpret the measurement results.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Standardization
• item ease-difficulty
• item validity
• item stability
• psychometric properties
• standards

PSİKOLOJİK VE EĞİTİMSEL ÖLÇEK VE TESTLERİN STANDARDİZASYONU

Öz

Bu makale, psikoloji ve eğitim alanlarındaki araştırmacıların araştırma ve çalışmalarında çeşitli test, ölçek ve anketleri kullanırken izlemeleri gereken çeşitli gerekli adımları açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu adımlar topluca "standardizasyon" olarak adlandırılır ve farklı aşamaları içerir. İlk aşama, standardizasyon örneklemi için test maddelerinin kullanım kolaylığını veya zorluğunu, ardından her bir maddenin örneklem üyelerinin performansında ve kararlılığında ne ölçüde ayırt edici olabildiğini belirlemektir. Bunu, ölçüm aracının psikometrik özelliklerinin doğrulanmasını içeren ikinci aşama takip eder. Üçüncü aşamada, araştırmacı, ölçüm aracının sonuçlarına anlam kazandıran standartları çıkarmalıdır ve bu standartlar aracılığıyla ölçüm sonuçlarını yorumlamalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Standardizasyon
• madde kolaylığı-zorluğu
• madde geçerliliği
• madde kararlılığı
• psikometrik özellikler
• standartlar

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