GENÇ FUTBOLCULARDA DİRENÇ BANDI EGZERSİZLERİNİN BAZI PERFORMANS PARAMETRELERİNE ETKİSİ

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı genç futbolcularda direnç bandı egzersizlerinin bazı performans parametrelerine akut etkisini araştırmaktır. Bu çalışmaya, 15-16 yaş grubu, aktif futbol oynayan antrenmanlı 16 gönüllü erkek futbolcu (yaş: 15,18 ± ,40 yıl; boy uzunluğu: 170,81 ± 7,21 cm; vücut ağırlığı: 59,43 ± 8,61 kg; beden kitle indeksi (BKİ): 20,26 ± 1,60 kg/m2) katılmıştır. Araştırma grubuna art arda olmayan günlerde antrenman öncesi jogging+dinamik germe egzersizleri (DGE) ve jogging+dinamik germe+direnç bandı egzersizlerini (DBE) içeren farklı iki ısınma ve egzersiz protokolü uygulanmıştır. Isınma protokolleri sonrası 3 dakikalık pasif dinlenme periyodunu takiben futbolculara denge testi, reaksiyon zamanı testi, dikey sıçrama ve anaerobik güç testi, Illinois çeviklik testi, 30 m sürat testi ve top hızı ölçümleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hata terimlerinin normal dağılım gösterip göstermediği Shapiro-Wilk normallik testi kullanılarak kontrol edilmiştir. Gruplar arası karşılaştırma bağımlı örneklem t-test ile analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca etki büyüklüğünün hesaplanması için Cohen’s d formülü uygulanmıştır. Verilerin istatistiksel analizi ve yorumları p<0,05 önem seviyesinde anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Denge, dikey sıçrama, Illinois çeviklik ve 30 m. sürat testleri sonuçları iki grup arasında karşılaştırıldığında, tüm test sonuçlarında direnç bandı egzersizlerinin performansa olumlu etki ettiği saptanmıştır, bununla birlikte istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar denge, çeviklik ve sürat testleri değerlerinde bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, direnç bandı egzersizleri sonrası futbolcularda denge, dikey sıçrama, Illinois çeviklik ve 30 m. sürat parametrelerinde performans artışı sağlandığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, antrenör ve sporculara direnç bandı egzersizlerine branşa özgü ısınma protokollerinde yer vermeleri ve futbolcularda yüksek performans sağlamak için antrenman öncesi direnç bandı egzersizlerinin uygulanması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Futbol
• direnç bandı
• direnç egzersizi
• elastik direnç bandı
• top hızı

THE EFFECTS OF RESISTANCE BAND EXERCISES ON SOME PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS IN YOUNG FOOTBALL PLAYERS

Öz

The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of resistance band exercises on some performance parameters in young football players. Active and trained 16 male football players (age: 15.18 ± .40 years; height: 170.81 ± 7.21 cm; weight: 59.43 ± 8.61 kg; body mass index (BMI): 20.26 ± 1.60 kg/m2) voluntarily participated in this study. Subjects performed two different warmup protocols including jogging+dynamic stretching exercises and jogging+dynamic stretching+resistance band exercises on non-consecutive days. Following the warm-up protocols and then three minutes of passive recovery, subjects were tested on the balance test, reaction time test, vertical jump and anaerobic power test, Illinois agility test, 30-m sprint, and ball kicking speed. Data were checked for normality by using Shapiro-Wilk test. Comparison between groups was analyzed with paired sample t-test. Besides, Cohen’s d was utilized in calculation of effect size. Statistical analyses and interpretations of the data were accepted as p<0.05. In comparison of the balance, vertical jump, 30-m sprint, and Illinois agility tests results between two groups, resistance band exercises were found to have positive effects on performance in all tests. However, statistically significant differences were detected in balance, agility, and sprint tests (p<0.05). In conclusion, balance, vertical jump, 30-m sprint, and Illinois agility test performance parameters of football players improved following the resistance band exercises. Accordingly, it is recommended that coaches and athletes incorporate resistance band exercises into sport-specific warmup protocols, and resistance band exercises should be performed in pre-training warm up session for achieving high performance in football players.     

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Football
• resistance band
• resistance exercise
• elastic resistance band
• ball kicking speed

Kaynakça

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