Araştırma Makalesi
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VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY STUDY OF THE TURKISH VERSION OF THE BODY PRESSURE QUESTIONNAIRE PERCEIVED BY FEMALE ATHLETES FROM THEIR COACHES (APBPCQ)

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4, 138 - 148, 30.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1711981
https://izlik.org/JA83PZ94ZP

Öz

The purpose of this study is to determine the Turkish Validity and Reliability of the scale named “The Athletes’ Perceived Body Pressures from Coaches Questionnaire (APBPCQ)” developed by Eck and Byrd-Bredbenner (2022). The research population consists of female athletes over the age of 18 residing in Türkiye. It was determined that the factor loadings of items of the scale were above 0.40 and the explained variance was 75.025%, and no item was removed from the scale. In the findings regarding confirmatory factor analysis, the fit index values found for the body pressure questionnaire perceived by female athletes from their coaches were determined as normal and acceptable values. In the findings regarding internal consistency, the Cronbach’s α coefficient for the body pressure questionnaire perceived by female athletes from their coaches was found to be 0.844. Cronbach’s α coefficient for the sub-dimension “Athletes’ Perception of Coaches’ Beliefs and Behaviors Regarding Body Weight and Shape” is 0.884, for the sub-dimension “Coaches’ Role Perception Regarding Athletes’ Body Weight and Shape” is 0.857, for the sub-dimension “Coaches’ Perception That They Should Not Advise Athletes Regarding Body Weight and Shape” is 0.711 and for the sub-dimension “Coaches’ Perception of Expectations Regarding Athletes’ Body Weight and Shape” is 0.878. It has been determined that this questionnaire, which has a high level of validity and reliability (Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient = 0.844), is a practical and easily applicable evaluation method in assessing the body pressure perceived by female athletes over the age of 18 from their coaches

Kaynakça

  • Alpar, R. (2016). Uygulamalı istatistik ve geçerlik-güvenirlik. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık; syf: 672 p
  • Beckner, B. N. & Record, R. A. (2016). Navigating the thin-ideal in an athletic world: Influence of coach communication on female body image and health choices. Health Communication, 31(3), 364–373. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2014.957998.
  • Biesecker, A. C., & Martz, D. M. (1999). Impact of coaching style on vulnerability for eating disorders: An analog study. Eating Disorders, 7(3), 235–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/10640269908249289.
  • Bratland-Sanda, S., & Sundgot-Borgen, J. (2013). Eating disorders in athletes: overview of prevalence, risk factors and recommendations for prevention and treatment. European journal of sport science, 13(5), 499-508. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2012.740504.
  • Carvalho, P. H. B. D., Oliveira, F. D. C., Neves, C. M., Meireles, J. F. F., Lopes, V. G. V., & Ferreira, M. E. C. (2016). Drive for muscularity and associated variables in young adults. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 22, 118-121. https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220162202142544.
  • Cialdella-Kam, L., Guebels, C. P., Maddalozzo, G. F. & Manore, M. M. (2014). Dietary intervention restored menses in female athletes with exercise-associated menstrual dysfunction with limited impact on bone and muscle health. Nutrients, 6(8), 3018-3039. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu6083018.
  • Coppola, A. M., Ward, R. M. & Freysinger, V. J. (2014). Coaches' communication of sport body image: Experiences of female athletes. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 26(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2013.766650.
  • Cramblitt, B., & Pritchard, M. (2013). Media's influence on the drive for muscularity in undergraduates. Eating behaviors, 14(4), 441-446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.08.003
  • De Bruin, A.; Bakker, F. & Oudehans, R. (2009). Achievement goal theory and disordered eating: Relationships of disordered eating with goal orientations and motivational climate in female gymnasts and dancers. Psychol. Sport Exerc. 10, 72–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2008.07.002
  • Durgut, B. Ç. & Eskici, G. (2023) Kadın Sporcu Triadı: Düşük Kullanılabilir Enerji ve Triad Bileşenlerine Güncel Bakış. Avrasya Spor Bilimleri ve Eğitim Dergisi, 5(2), 133-145. https://doi.org/ 10.47778/ejsse.1271203
  • Eck, K. M. & Byrd-Bredbenner, C. (2022). Development and Psychometric Validation of the Athletes’ Perceived Body Pressures from Coaches Questionnaire (APBPCQ). International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(24), 16416. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416416
  • Galli, N., Petrie, T. A., Greenleaf, C., Reel, J. J. & Carter, J. E. (2014). Personality and psychological correlates of eating disorder symptoms among male collegiate athletes. Eating behaviors, 15(4), 615-618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.08.007
  • Hayran, M. & Hayran, M. (2018). Sağlık araştırmaları için temel istatistik. Ankara: Art Ofset Matbacılık; p. 448 Işık, F. (2024). İhmal Edilen Bir Konu: Erkeklerde Yeme Bozuklukları. Genel Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(3), 612-626. https://doi.org/10.51123/jgehes.2024.152
  • Kahraman, S. (2022). Profesyonel kadın futbolcularda beden algısı ve yeme bozukluklarının incelenmesi. Trakya Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans tezi.
  • Kendir, D. & Karabudak, E. (2019). Sporcularda yeme bozuklukları. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 1-10.
  • Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling (4th ed.). Guilford Press.
  • Matzkin, E., Curry, E. J., & Whitlock, K. (2015). Female Athlete Triad: Past, Present, and Future. The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, 23(7), 424–432. https://doi.org/10.5435/JAAOS-D-14-00168
  • McCreary, D. R., & Sasse, D. K. (2000). An exploration of the drive for muscularity in adolescent boys and girls. Journal of American College Health, 48, 297–304.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07448480009596271
  • McCreary, D. R., Sasse, D. K., Saucier, D. M., & Dorsch, K. D. (2004). Measuring the drive for muscularity: factorial validity of the drive for muscularity scale in men and women. Psychology of men & masculinity, 5(1), 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1524-9220.5.1.49
  • Mountjoy, M., Ackerman, K. E., Bailey, D. M., Burke, L. M., Constantini, N., Hackney, A. C., ... & Erdener, U. (2023). 2023 International Olympic Committee’s (IOC) consensus statement on relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs). British journal of sports medicine, 57(17), 1073-1098. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2023-106994
  • Murathan, G. (2023). Kadın Sporcuların Yeme Farkındalıkları ile Olumsuz Beden Konuşmaları Özelliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(1-Cumhuriyet'in 100. Yılı Özel Sayısı), 573-583. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1357240
  • Petrie, T. & Greenleaf, C. (2012). Eating disorders in sport. In S. M. Murphy (Ed.). Oxford library of psychology. The Oxford handbook of sport and performance psychology (pp.635–659). New York, NY, US: Oxford University. https://doi.org/10.1002/ 9781118270011.ch16.
  • Schneider, J., Matheson, E. L., Tinoco, A., Silva-Breen, H., Diedrichs, P. C., & LaVoi, N. M. (2023). A six-country study of coaches’ perspectives of girls’ body image concerns in sport and intervention preferences: Template analysis of survey and focus group data. Body Image, 46, 300-312.
  • Selvi, K. & Bozo, O. (2019). Turkish adaptation of the drive for muscularity scale: A Validity and reliability study. Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi, 7(14), 68–82. https://doi.org/10.7816/nesne-07-14-05
  • Stand, P. (2007). The female athlete triad. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 39(10), 1867-82. https://doi.org 10.1249/mss.0b013e318149f111
  • Stirling, A. & Kerr, G. (2012). Perceived vulnerabilities of female athletes to the development of disordered eating behaviours. European Journal of Sport Science, 12(3), 262-273. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2011.586437
  • Sundgot-Borgen, J. & Torstveit, M. K. (2004). Prevalence of eating disorders in elite athletes is higher than in the general population. Clinical journal of sport medicine, 14(1), 25-32.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S. & Ullman, J. B. (2019). Using multivariate statistics (Vol. 6, pp. 497-516).
  • Williams, N. I., Koltun, K. J., Strock, N. C. & De Souza, M. J. (2019). Female athlete triad and relative energy deficiency in sport: A focus on scientific rigor. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 47(4), 197-205. DOI: 10.1249/JES.0000000000000200
  • Yarar, H., Fidan, M., Yılmaz, S. K., Saraç, O. E. & Eskici, G. (2023). Sporcularda Kaslı Olma Dürtüsü ve Yeme Tutumu ile İlişkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(1), 204-214. https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1242689
  • Zaccagni, L. & Gualdi-Russo, E. (2023). The impact of sports involvement on body image perception and ideals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International journal of environmental research and public health, 20(6), 5228. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20065228

KADIN SPORCULARIN ANTRENÖRLERİNDEN ALGILADIKLARI VÜCUT BASKISI ANKETİNİN TÜRKÇE GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4, 138 - 148, 30.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1711981
https://izlik.org/JA83PZ94ZP

Öz

Yapılan bu çalışmanın amacı Eck ve Byrd-Bredbenner (2022) tarafından geliştirilmiş “The Athletes’ Perceived Body Pressures from Coaches Questionnaire (APBPCQ)” adlı ölçeğin Türkçe Geçerlik ve Güvenirliğinin yapılmasıdır. Araştırma evrenini Türkiye’de ikamet eden 18 yaş üstü kadın sporcular oluşturmaktadır. Ölçeğe ait maddelerin faktör yükleri 0.40’ın üstünde, açıklanan varyans ise %75,025 olduğu belirlenmiş, ölçekten hiçbir madde çıkarılmamıştır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizine yönelik bulgularda, kadın sporcuların antrenörlerinden algıladıkları vücut baskısı anketine yönelik bulunan uyum indeksi değerleri, normal, kabul edilebilir değerler olarak belirlenmiştir. İç tutarlılığa yönelik bulgularda kadın sporcuların antrenörlerinden algıladıkları vücut baskısı anketi cronbach’s α katsayısı 0,844 olarak bulunmuştur. Sporcuların “Vücut Ağırlığı ve Şekline İlişkin Antrenörlerin İnanç ve Davranışlarının Algısı” alt boyut Cronbach’s α katsayısı 0.884, “Sporcuların Vücut Ağırlığı ve Şekline İlişkin Antrenörlerin Rol Algısı” alt boyut Cronbach’s α katsayısı 0.857, “Antrenörlerin Vücut Ağırlığı ve Şekli Konusunda Sporculara Tavsiyede Bulunmaması Gerektiği Algısı” alt boyut Cronbach’s α katsayısı 0.711 ve “Sporcuların Vücut Ağırlığı ve Şekline İlişkin Antrenörlerin Beklenti Algısı” alt boyut Cronbach’s α katsayısı 0.878’dir. Geçerlik ve güvenirlik düzeyi (Cronbach’s alfa güvenirlik katsayısı= 0.844) yüksek düzeyde bulunan bu anketin 18 yaş üstü kadın sporcuların antrenörlerinden algıladıkları vücut baskısını değerlendirmede pratik ve kolay uygulanabilir bir değerlendirme yöntemi olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Etik Beyan

Çalışmanın tüm süreçlerinin araştırma ve yayın etiğine uygun olduğunu, etik kurallara ve bilimsel atıf gösterme ilkelerine uyduğumu beyan ederiz.

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Teşekkür

Çalışmada yer alan tüm katılımcılara teşekkür ediyoruz

Kaynakça

  • Alpar, R. (2016). Uygulamalı istatistik ve geçerlik-güvenirlik. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık; syf: 672 p
  • Beckner, B. N. & Record, R. A. (2016). Navigating the thin-ideal in an athletic world: Influence of coach communication on female body image and health choices. Health Communication, 31(3), 364–373. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2014.957998.
  • Biesecker, A. C., & Martz, D. M. (1999). Impact of coaching style on vulnerability for eating disorders: An analog study. Eating Disorders, 7(3), 235–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/10640269908249289.
  • Bratland-Sanda, S., & Sundgot-Borgen, J. (2013). Eating disorders in athletes: overview of prevalence, risk factors and recommendations for prevention and treatment. European journal of sport science, 13(5), 499-508. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2012.740504.
  • Carvalho, P. H. B. D., Oliveira, F. D. C., Neves, C. M., Meireles, J. F. F., Lopes, V. G. V., & Ferreira, M. E. C. (2016). Drive for muscularity and associated variables in young adults. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte, 22, 118-121. https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220162202142544.
  • Cialdella-Kam, L., Guebels, C. P., Maddalozzo, G. F. & Manore, M. M. (2014). Dietary intervention restored menses in female athletes with exercise-associated menstrual dysfunction with limited impact on bone and muscle health. Nutrients, 6(8), 3018-3039. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu6083018.
  • Coppola, A. M., Ward, R. M. & Freysinger, V. J. (2014). Coaches' communication of sport body image: Experiences of female athletes. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 26(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2013.766650.
  • Cramblitt, B., & Pritchard, M. (2013). Media's influence on the drive for muscularity in undergraduates. Eating behaviors, 14(4), 441-446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2013.08.003
  • De Bruin, A.; Bakker, F. & Oudehans, R. (2009). Achievement goal theory and disordered eating: Relationships of disordered eating with goal orientations and motivational climate in female gymnasts and dancers. Psychol. Sport Exerc. 10, 72–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2008.07.002
  • Durgut, B. Ç. & Eskici, G. (2023) Kadın Sporcu Triadı: Düşük Kullanılabilir Enerji ve Triad Bileşenlerine Güncel Bakış. Avrasya Spor Bilimleri ve Eğitim Dergisi, 5(2), 133-145. https://doi.org/ 10.47778/ejsse.1271203
  • Eck, K. M. & Byrd-Bredbenner, C. (2022). Development and Psychometric Validation of the Athletes’ Perceived Body Pressures from Coaches Questionnaire (APBPCQ). International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(24), 16416. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416416
  • Galli, N., Petrie, T. A., Greenleaf, C., Reel, J. J. & Carter, J. E. (2014). Personality and psychological correlates of eating disorder symptoms among male collegiate athletes. Eating behaviors, 15(4), 615-618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.08.007
  • Hayran, M. & Hayran, M. (2018). Sağlık araştırmaları için temel istatistik. Ankara: Art Ofset Matbacılık; p. 448 Işık, F. (2024). İhmal Edilen Bir Konu: Erkeklerde Yeme Bozuklukları. Genel Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(3), 612-626. https://doi.org/10.51123/jgehes.2024.152
  • Kahraman, S. (2022). Profesyonel kadın futbolcularda beden algısı ve yeme bozukluklarının incelenmesi. Trakya Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Beslenme ve Diyetetik Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans tezi.
  • Kendir, D. & Karabudak, E. (2019). Sporcularda yeme bozuklukları. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 1-10.
  • Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling (4th ed.). Guilford Press.
  • Matzkin, E., Curry, E. J., & Whitlock, K. (2015). Female Athlete Triad: Past, Present, and Future. The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, 23(7), 424–432. https://doi.org/10.5435/JAAOS-D-14-00168
  • McCreary, D. R., & Sasse, D. K. (2000). An exploration of the drive for muscularity in adolescent boys and girls. Journal of American College Health, 48, 297–304.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07448480009596271
  • McCreary, D. R., Sasse, D. K., Saucier, D. M., & Dorsch, K. D. (2004). Measuring the drive for muscularity: factorial validity of the drive for muscularity scale in men and women. Psychology of men & masculinity, 5(1), 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1524-9220.5.1.49
  • Mountjoy, M., Ackerman, K. E., Bailey, D. M., Burke, L. M., Constantini, N., Hackney, A. C., ... & Erdener, U. (2023). 2023 International Olympic Committee’s (IOC) consensus statement on relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs). British journal of sports medicine, 57(17), 1073-1098. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2023-106994
  • Murathan, G. (2023). Kadın Sporcuların Yeme Farkındalıkları ile Olumsuz Beden Konuşmaları Özelliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(1-Cumhuriyet'in 100. Yılı Özel Sayısı), 573-583. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1357240
  • Petrie, T. & Greenleaf, C. (2012). Eating disorders in sport. In S. M. Murphy (Ed.). Oxford library of psychology. The Oxford handbook of sport and performance psychology (pp.635–659). New York, NY, US: Oxford University. https://doi.org/10.1002/ 9781118270011.ch16.
  • Schneider, J., Matheson, E. L., Tinoco, A., Silva-Breen, H., Diedrichs, P. C., & LaVoi, N. M. (2023). A six-country study of coaches’ perspectives of girls’ body image concerns in sport and intervention preferences: Template analysis of survey and focus group data. Body Image, 46, 300-312.
  • Selvi, K. & Bozo, O. (2019). Turkish adaptation of the drive for muscularity scale: A Validity and reliability study. Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi, 7(14), 68–82. https://doi.org/10.7816/nesne-07-14-05
  • Stand, P. (2007). The female athlete triad. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 39(10), 1867-82. https://doi.org 10.1249/mss.0b013e318149f111
  • Stirling, A. & Kerr, G. (2012). Perceived vulnerabilities of female athletes to the development of disordered eating behaviours. European Journal of Sport Science, 12(3), 262-273. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2011.586437
  • Sundgot-Borgen, J. & Torstveit, M. K. (2004). Prevalence of eating disorders in elite athletes is higher than in the general population. Clinical journal of sport medicine, 14(1), 25-32.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S. & Ullman, J. B. (2019). Using multivariate statistics (Vol. 6, pp. 497-516).
  • Williams, N. I., Koltun, K. J., Strock, N. C. & De Souza, M. J. (2019). Female athlete triad and relative energy deficiency in sport: A focus on scientific rigor. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 47(4), 197-205. DOI: 10.1249/JES.0000000000000200
  • Yarar, H., Fidan, M., Yılmaz, S. K., Saraç, O. E. & Eskici, G. (2023). Sporcularda Kaslı Olma Dürtüsü ve Yeme Tutumu ile İlişkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(1), 204-214. https://doi.org/10.33459/cbubesbd.1242689
  • Zaccagni, L. & Gualdi-Russo, E. (2023). The impact of sports involvement on body image perception and ideals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International journal of environmental research and public health, 20(6), 5228. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20065228
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Fiziksel Uygunluk
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Günay Eskici 0000-0002-4349-4704

Hakan Yarar 0000-0003-4652-5307

Sevil Karahan Yılmaz 0000-0002-7446-4508

Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Haziran 2025
Kabul Tarihi 1 Kasım 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2025
DOI https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1711981
IZ https://izlik.org/JA83PZ94ZP
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Eskici, G., Yarar, H., & Karahan Yılmaz, S. (2025). KADIN SPORCULARIN ANTRENÖRLERİNDEN ALGILADIKLARI VÜCUT BASKISI ANKETİNİN TÜRKÇE GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 23(4), 138-148. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1711981
Spormetre Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-Non-Derivatives 4.0 International Licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).

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