HİPOKSİK ORTAMDA AKUT VE KRONİK TEKRARLI SPRİNT UYGULAMALARININ BAZI FİZYOLOJİK PARAMETRELER VE PERFORMANS ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ

Öz

Son yıllarda tekrarlı sprint yeteneği (repeated sprint ability, RSA) antrenmanı takım sporlarında normal antrenman programına ilaveten uygulanan bir antrenman yöntemi olarak sık kullanılır hale gelmiştir. Ayrıca bu antrenman yöntemi hipoksik koşulda da uygulanmaktadır ve hipokside tekrarlı sprint antrenmanı (repeated sprint training in hypoxia, RSH) olarak isimlendirilmektedir. Literatürde RSH antrenmanının normobarik koşuldaki RSA performansına etkisi olmadığını bildiren bazı çalışmalar olmasına rağmen, ilgili literatürde bu antrenman yönteminin fizyolojik, moleküler ve performans bileşenlerinde önemli gelişmeler sağladığı da iddia edilmektedir. Çalışmalarda elde edilen sonuçlar çelişkili görünmektedir ve çalışmalarda uygulanan kronik/akut hipoksiye maruz kalma derecesi (solunan oksijen fraksiyonu: % 10,9-16,4) ve test protokolleri (yüklenme/dinlenme oranı, setler arası dinlenme süresi ve sprint mesafesi) farklılık göstermektedir. Bu nedenle, bu antrenman yönteminin etkileri hala tartışılmaktadır. Uygulayıcıların bir antrenmanın etkilerini anlamaları çok önemlidir. Bu nedenle, bu derleme akut ve kronik hipoksik ortamın RSA performansı üzerindeki etkilerini özetlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hipoksi,normobarik,normoksi,tekrarlı sprint

EFFECTS OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC REPEATED SPRINT INTERVENTIONS IN HYPOXIC EXPOSURE ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND PERFORMANCE

Öz

In recent years, the repeated sprint ability (RSA) training has become more popular method as top-up training in team sports. This training method has also been applied in the hypoxic condition, named repeated sprint training in hypoxia (RSH). Even though there are some studies reporting that there is no effect on RSA performance in normobaric condition via RSH training, there are also some studies in the relevant literature which claim that this training method provides significant improvments on physiological, molecular and performance components. The results obtained from the studies are controversial and degrees of the chronic/acute hypoxic exposures (fraction of inspired oxygen: % 10.9-16.4) and test protocols (work-rest ratio, recovery duration between the sets and length of sprint) applied in the studies have variability. For this reason, the actual effectiveness of this training method is still questionable. It is important that practitioners understand the effectiveness of a training method. This review was prepared in order to summarize effects of acute and chronic hypoxic exposure on RSA performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hypoxia,normobaric,normoxia,repeated sprint

Kaynakça

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