WİNGATE ANAEROBİK GÜÇ TESTİNDE OPTİMAL YÜKÜN BELİRLENMESİ

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, literatürdeki çalışmalara dayanarak Wingate Anaerobik Güç Testi (WAnT) için en uygun optimal yükün belirlenmesidir. WAnT İsrail’de, Wingate Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Enstitüsü’nün Araştırma ve Spor Sağlığı Bölümü’nde 1970’lerde geliştirilmiştir. İlk prototipi sunulduğundan beri tüm dünyada birçok laboratuarda kas gücünü, kas dayanıklılığını ve yorgunluğunu belirlemekte kullanılan bir test olarak kabul görmektedir (1). WAnT uygulaması basit, özel becerili personel gerektirmeyen, ucuz ve kolay edinilebilir aletlerle yapılabilen, invaziv olmayan ve toplumun her kesimine, hatta çocuklara ve engellilere bile uygulanabilen bir test olarak geliştirilmiştir. WAnT alt ekstremitelere olduğu kadar üst ekstremitelere de uygulanabilir. WAnT 30 saniye süre ile vücut ağırlığına dayanan sabit bir yüke karşı maksimum hızla pedal çevirmeyi kapsayan supramaksimal bir testtir. Uygulanacak sabit yük, en yüksek mekanik gücü sağlayacak şekilde belirlenir. Wingate Anaerobik Güç Testi’nde optimal yükü belirlerken elde edilen anaerobik güç ve anaerobik kapasite değerleri bisiklet ergometresine yerleştirilen yükten etkilenmektedir. Bu yüzden maksimal anaerobik gücün değerlendirilmesinde, her denek için en yüksek pik güç ve ortalama güç değerlerine ulaşabilecekleri yükün ayarlanması çok önemlidir. Wingate testi için orjinal olarak ileri sürülen yük vücut ağırlığının kg'ı başına 75 gr'dır. Bu yük antrenmansız gençlerden oluşan küçük bir grup üzerinde yapılan bir çalışmaya dayanarak tespit edilmiştir ve çoğu yetişkin için düşük kalmıştır. Sonuç olarak literatüerde yapılan çalışmalarda genellikle önerilen optimal yük sporcu olmayan erkekler için vücut ağırlığının kg'ı başına 95 g.kg-1, kadınlar için 86 g.kg-1, çocuklar için 75 g.kg-1 iken yetişkin atletler için 100 g.kg-1’dır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Wingate anaerobik güç testi, Optimal yük

DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMAL LOAD FOR THE WINGATE ANAEROBIC POWER TEST

Öz

The purpose of this study was to determine if it was more appropriate assignment of the load of the The Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) according to the studies. WAnT was developed during the 1970s at the Department of Research and Sport Medicine of the Wingate Institute for Physical Education and Sport in Israel. Since the introduction of its prototype, the WAnT has been accepted in laboratories around the world to assess muscle power, muscle endurance and fatigability (1). WAnT was designed to be simple to administered without the need for particularly skilled personnel; inexpensive; used with commonly available equipment; non-invasive; feasible for administraction to a wide spectrum of the population, according young children and physically disable. The test should be applicable to the upper and lower limbs alike. WAnT is a supramaximal exercise test involves pedaling a cycle ergometer for 30 seconds at a maximal speed against a resistance which is determined according to the subject’s body weight. Indeed, as summarized in literature, subsequent reports have shown that the optimal force is higher than originally suggested. Choosing a force setting that would elicit the highest possible peak power and mean power for each subjects is important and as yet is only. The force originally suggested by the Wingate group was 75 g.kg-1 to body mass (assuming the use of a Monark ergemeter). The choice of this force was based on a study of a small group of young untrained individuals and in retrospect, appears to be too low for most. As a conclusion, the findings of the present study indicated that various studies recommended that loads of 95 kg-1, for men, 86 g.kg-1 for women, 75 g.kg-1 for children and 100 g.kg-1 for adults athletes

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Wingate anaerobic power test, Optimal load

Kaynakça

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