IS THE LEVEL OF FOOTBALL A DETERMINANT OF PROSOCIAL AND ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOR?

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determining role of football level (amateur, professional, national) on prosocial and antisocial behaviors. A total of 300 male football players aged 19-30 years participated in the study voluntarily. In the scope of the research “Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior Scale in Sports” developed by Kavussanu and Boardley (2009) and Turkish adapted by Sezen-Balçıkanlı (2013) was used as data collection tool. In this research, simple linear regression analysis method was used to determine the power of independent variable in predicting dependent variables. According to the results of the research, it was found that the level of sportsmanship predicted prosocial behavior to his team mate significantly and explained 4% of the variance, predicted prosocial behavior to the opponent team player and explained 20% of the variance. In addition, it was found that the level of sportsmanship predicted antisocial behavior to teammate significantly and explained 5% of the variance, the opponent team player predicted antisocial behavior significantly and explained 25% of the variance. When the mean scores within the groups were examined, it was found that national and professional athletes had higher mean scores in prosocial behaviors and lower average in antisocial behaviors than amateur athletes. As a result, it was concluded that as the level of sportsmanship increases, prosocial behavior will increase to the teammate and the opponent team player and antisocial behavior will increase to the teammate and the opponent team player.

Keywords

• Antisocial behavior, prosocial behavior, football player

FUTBOLCULUK SEVİYESİ PROSOSYAL VE ANTİSOSYAL DAVRANIŞLARIN BİR BELİRLEYİCİSİ MİDİR?

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, futbolculuk seviyesinin (amatör, profesyonel, milli) prososyal ve antisosyal davranışlar üzerindeki belirleyici rolünü tespit etmektir. Araştırmaya yaşları 19-30 arasında değişen 300 erkek futbolcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında veri toplama aracı olarak Kavussanu ve Boardley (2009) tarafından geliştirilen ve Türkçe uyarlaması Sezen-Balçıkanlı (2013) tarafından yapılan “Sporda Prososyal ve Antisosyal Davranış Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan ölçeğe verilen yanıtların iç tutarlılığı Cronbach’s Alpha (α) ile incelenmiş ve katsayı .75 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ölçeğe ait puan dağılımlarının çarpıklık ve basıklık değerleri dikkate alındığında verilerin normal dağılım gösterdiği gözlemlenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda araştırmanın istatistiksel analizlerinde, bağımsız değişkenin bağımlı değişkenleri yordamadaki gücünü belirlemek amacıyla basit doğrusal regresyon analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre, sporculuk düzeyinin, takım arkadaşına prososyal davranışı anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı ve varyansın %4’ünü açıkladığı, rakip takım oyuncusuna prososyal davranışı anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı ve varyansın %20’sini açıkladığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca sporculuk düzeyi takım arkadaşına antisosyal davranışı anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı ve varyansın %5’ini açıkladığı, rakip takım oyuncusuna antisosyal davranışı anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı ve varyansın %25’ini açıkladığı tespit edilmiştir. Gruplar içi puan ortalamaları incelendiğinde, milli ve profesyonel sporcuların amatör sporcu grubuna göre prososyal davranışlarda daha yüksek ortalamaya sahip olduğu, antisosyal davranışlarda ise daha düşük ortalamaya sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antisosyal Davranış
• futbolcu
• prososyal davranış

Kaynakça

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