BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Futbolda dar alan oyunlarının önemi

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 225 - 233, 01.08.2016
https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000299

Öz

Dar alan oyunları (DAO) belirli bir amaca yönelik olarak 11’e 11 oyuncu sayısından az oyuncu ile nizami futbol sahasından daha küçük ölçülere sahip alanda, futbolun normal oyun kuralları ile veya değiştirilmiş kurallar ile futbol oyununa uygulanmış antrenman modelleridir. Bu oyunlarda amaç gerçek müsabakada gerekli fizyolojik yüklenimlere, teknik, taktiksel ve motivasyonel gerekliliklere modifiye edilmiş antrenman uygulamaları ile ulaşmaktır. Bu gerekliliklere ulaşmak için oyun sahası ölçülerinin değiştirilmesi, farklı oyuncu sayısı kullanımı, kural değişiklikleri, sözel destek verilmesi, kaleci ve kale kullanılması gibi farklı uygulamalara gidilmektedir. Özellikle oyuncu başına düşen alan, bu değişikleri fazlaca etkilemekte ve oyuncu başına düşen alan artırıldığında daha yüksek egzersiz şiddeti ile karşılaşılmaktadır. Az oyuncu ile oynatılan DAO’larında ise, fizyolojik yüklenim ve teknik değerlerde artış olmaktadır. Kaleci kullanımı ise fizyolojik yüklenim amaçlanan DAO’larında uygun gözükmemektedir. Yine verilen sözel desteğin oyuncular üzerinde etkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Sonuç olarak DAO aerobik adaptasyon amaçlı kullanıldığında, hedef KA sayısının maksimal KA sayısının %90’ının üzerinde olması gerektiğinden, özellikle fazla oyunculu DAO’ları fizyolojik adaptasyon için yetersiz kalabilmektedir. Bu yetersizlik kural değişikliği, alan ölçüleri değişikliği vb. modifikasyonlar ile giderilmelidir. Hedef KA sayısı maksimal KA sayısının % 90’ının altında kalabilecek olan (5’e 5’den fazla oyunculu) DAO’lar sezon başında oynatılmalıdır

Kaynakça

  • Dellal, A, Chamari, K, Pintus, A, et al. (2008): Heart rate responses during small- sided games and short intermittent running: Training in elite soccer players. Journal of Strength and Contitioning Research, 22, 5, pp. 1449-1457.
  • Diker, G, Özkamçı, H, Kül, S (2011): Genç Futbolcularda Sabit Alanda, Kontrol Pas ve Serbest Oyun ile Oynanan 4*4 Küçük Saha Alıştırmalarının Kalp Atım Hızı ve Topla Buluşma Sayısı Üzerine Etkisi. Spormetre, IX, 3, pp. 105-110.
  • Fanchini, M, Azzalin, A, Castagna, C, et al. (2011): Effect of Bout Duration on Exercise Intensity and Technical Performance of Small-Sided Games in Soccer. Journal of strength and Conditioning, 25, 2, pp. 453- 458.
  • Geçmen Ü, Aşcı, A, Şahin, Z et al. (2007): Futbolda Sabit Alanda 2:2 ve 4:4 Oyun Alıştırmalarında Oyuncu Sayısı Değişiminin KAH Üzerine Etkisi. Antrenman Bilimi Sempozyumu II, 29 Haziran - 1 Temmuz, Ankara.
  • Gerisch, G, Rutemoller, E, Weber, K (1988): Sport medical measurements of performance in soccer. In: Science and Football. Ed: Reilly, T., Lees, A., Davids, K. and Murphy, W. London: E and FN Spon. pp. 60-67.
  • Hill-Haas, SV, Dawson, BT, Coutts, AJ et al. (2009): Physiological responses and time-motion characteristics of various small-sided soccer games in youth players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27, 1, pp. 1-8.
  • Hill-Haas, SV, Coutts, AJ, Rowsell, GJ and et al. (2009): Generic versus small-sided game training in soccer. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 30, pp. 636- 642.
  • Hill-Haas, SV, Coutts, AJ, Dawson, BT, et al. (2010): Time-motion characteristics and physiological responses of small-sided games in elite youth players: the influence of player number and rule changes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24, pp. 2149-2156.
  • Hill-Haas, SV, Dawson, BT, Impellizzeri, FM, et al. (2011): Physiology of small-sided games training in football: a systematic review. Sports Medicine, 1, 41, 3, pp.199- 220.
  • Impellizzeri, FM, Marcora, SM, Castagna, C, et al. (2006): Physiological and performance effects of generic versus specific aerobic training in soccer players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 27, pp. 483-492.
  • Jones, S. and Drust, B (2007): Physiological and technical demands of 4 v 4 and 8 v 8 games in elite youth soccer players. Kinesiology 39, pp. 150-156.
  • Kelly, DM., and Drust, B (2009): The effect of pitch dimensions on heart rate responses and technical demands of small-sided soccer games in elite players. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sports, 12, pp. 475-479.
  • Köklü, Y (2008): Futbolda Küçük Alan Oyunlarına Verilen Fizyolojik Cevapların Karşılaştırılması. Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Denizli.
  • Little, T and Williams, AG (2006): Suitability of soccer training drills for endurance training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20, 2, pp. 316-319.
  • Little, T and Williams, AG (2007): Measures of exercise intensity during soccer training drills with professional soccer players. Conditioning Research, 21, 2, pp. 367-371. Strength and
  • Mallo J and Navarro E (2008): Physical load imposed on soccer players during small- sided training games. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 48, 2, pp. 166-171.
  • Morgans, R, Orme, P, Anderson, L, et al. (2014): Principles and practices of training of soccer. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 3, pp. 251-257.
  • Ngo, J.K, Tsui, MC, Smith, AW, et al. (2012): The Effect of manmarking on work intensity in small-sided soccer games. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 11, pp. 109-114.
  • Owen, AL, Twist C and Ford, P (2004): Small-sided games: The pysiological and technical effect of altering pitch size and players numbers. Insight, 7, 2, pp. 50-53.
  • Owen, AL, Wong DP, McKenna, M, et al. (2011): Heart rate responses and technical comparison between small- vs. large-sided games in elite professional soccer. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25, 8, pp. 2104-2110.
  • Rampinini, E, Impellizzeri, FM, Castagna, C, et al (2007): Factors influencing physiological responses to small-sided soccer games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 25, pp. 659-666.
  • Reilly, T and White, C (2005): Small-sided games as an alternative to interval-training for soccer players. In: Science and Football V. Ed: Reilly, T., Cabri, J. and Araujo D., Routledge, pp. 344-347.
  • Sampaio, J, Garcia, Macas, V, et al. (2007): Heart rate and perceptual responses to 2 x 2 and 3 x 3 small-sided youth soccer games. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 6, pp.121-122.
  • Sassi, R, Reilly, T, Impellizzeri, F (2005). A comparison of small-sided games and interval training in elite professional soccer players. In: Science and Football V. Ed: Reilly, T., Cabri, J. and Araujo D., Routledge, pp. 341-343.
  • Tudor OB (1994): Theory and Methodology of Training. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, USA.
  • Williams, K, and Owen, A (2007): The impact of player numbers on the physiological responses to small sided games (abstract). Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 6, 10, pp. 100.

IMPORTANCE OF SMALL-SIDED GAMES IN SOCCER

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 225 - 233, 01.08.2016
https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000299

Öz

Small-sided games (SSG) is an informal or modified form of soccer played in reduced-sized pitches, with reduced number of players and modified rules to reach the physiological, technical, tactical and motivational needs of a real game during trainings. To reach the aim of training, sometimes, it is necessary to change the pitch size, number of players, rules or give verbal supports and use a goal and goalkeepers. Specifically, the size of the area per player plays in affects the already modified issues aforementioned and when the field space for per person is increased, higher exercise intensity is observed. It is observed that when fewer number of players play in a SSG, physiological loads and technical values increase. The use of a goal and goalkeepers decreases the physiological loads in training. Verbal support is known to have a positive effect on players to increase physiological loads. As a results, as the target HR for aerobic adaptation has to be over 90% of the max HR, particularly SSGs with more players can be insufficient for physiological adaptation when they aim for aerobic adaptation. This insufficiency has to be resolved with rule modifications, changing pitch size, using fewer players, etc. SSGs targeting HR under the max HR of 90% (5vs5 to 10vs10) should be played in the pre-season preparation period

Kaynakça

  • Dellal, A, Chamari, K, Pintus, A, et al. (2008): Heart rate responses during small- sided games and short intermittent running: Training in elite soccer players. Journal of Strength and Contitioning Research, 22, 5, pp. 1449-1457.
  • Diker, G, Özkamçı, H, Kül, S (2011): Genç Futbolcularda Sabit Alanda, Kontrol Pas ve Serbest Oyun ile Oynanan 4*4 Küçük Saha Alıştırmalarının Kalp Atım Hızı ve Topla Buluşma Sayısı Üzerine Etkisi. Spormetre, IX, 3, pp. 105-110.
  • Fanchini, M, Azzalin, A, Castagna, C, et al. (2011): Effect of Bout Duration on Exercise Intensity and Technical Performance of Small-Sided Games in Soccer. Journal of strength and Conditioning, 25, 2, pp. 453- 458.
  • Geçmen Ü, Aşcı, A, Şahin, Z et al. (2007): Futbolda Sabit Alanda 2:2 ve 4:4 Oyun Alıştırmalarında Oyuncu Sayısı Değişiminin KAH Üzerine Etkisi. Antrenman Bilimi Sempozyumu II, 29 Haziran - 1 Temmuz, Ankara.
  • Gerisch, G, Rutemoller, E, Weber, K (1988): Sport medical measurements of performance in soccer. In: Science and Football. Ed: Reilly, T., Lees, A., Davids, K. and Murphy, W. London: E and FN Spon. pp. 60-67.
  • Hill-Haas, SV, Dawson, BT, Coutts, AJ et al. (2009): Physiological responses and time-motion characteristics of various small-sided soccer games in youth players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27, 1, pp. 1-8.
  • Hill-Haas, SV, Coutts, AJ, Rowsell, GJ and et al. (2009): Generic versus small-sided game training in soccer. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 30, pp. 636- 642.
  • Hill-Haas, SV, Coutts, AJ, Dawson, BT, et al. (2010): Time-motion characteristics and physiological responses of small-sided games in elite youth players: the influence of player number and rule changes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24, pp. 2149-2156.
  • Hill-Haas, SV, Dawson, BT, Impellizzeri, FM, et al. (2011): Physiology of small-sided games training in football: a systematic review. Sports Medicine, 1, 41, 3, pp.199- 220.
  • Impellizzeri, FM, Marcora, SM, Castagna, C, et al. (2006): Physiological and performance effects of generic versus specific aerobic training in soccer players. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 27, pp. 483-492.
  • Jones, S. and Drust, B (2007): Physiological and technical demands of 4 v 4 and 8 v 8 games in elite youth soccer players. Kinesiology 39, pp. 150-156.
  • Kelly, DM., and Drust, B (2009): The effect of pitch dimensions on heart rate responses and technical demands of small-sided soccer games in elite players. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sports, 12, pp. 475-479.
  • Köklü, Y (2008): Futbolda Küçük Alan Oyunlarına Verilen Fizyolojik Cevapların Karşılaştırılması. Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Denizli.
  • Little, T and Williams, AG (2006): Suitability of soccer training drills for endurance training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20, 2, pp. 316-319.
  • Little, T and Williams, AG (2007): Measures of exercise intensity during soccer training drills with professional soccer players. Conditioning Research, 21, 2, pp. 367-371. Strength and
  • Mallo J and Navarro E (2008): Physical load imposed on soccer players during small- sided training games. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 48, 2, pp. 166-171.
  • Morgans, R, Orme, P, Anderson, L, et al. (2014): Principles and practices of training of soccer. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 3, pp. 251-257.
  • Ngo, J.K, Tsui, MC, Smith, AW, et al. (2012): The Effect of manmarking on work intensity in small-sided soccer games. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 11, pp. 109-114.
  • Owen, AL, Twist C and Ford, P (2004): Small-sided games: The pysiological and technical effect of altering pitch size and players numbers. Insight, 7, 2, pp. 50-53.
  • Owen, AL, Wong DP, McKenna, M, et al. (2011): Heart rate responses and technical comparison between small- vs. large-sided games in elite professional soccer. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25, 8, pp. 2104-2110.
  • Rampinini, E, Impellizzeri, FM, Castagna, C, et al (2007): Factors influencing physiological responses to small-sided soccer games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 25, pp. 659-666.
  • Reilly, T and White, C (2005): Small-sided games as an alternative to interval-training for soccer players. In: Science and Football V. Ed: Reilly, T., Cabri, J. and Araujo D., Routledge, pp. 344-347.
  • Sampaio, J, Garcia, Macas, V, et al. (2007): Heart rate and perceptual responses to 2 x 2 and 3 x 3 small-sided youth soccer games. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 6, pp.121-122.
  • Sassi, R, Reilly, T, Impellizzeri, F (2005). A comparison of small-sided games and interval training in elite professional soccer players. In: Science and Football V. Ed: Reilly, T., Cabri, J. and Araujo D., Routledge, pp. 341-343.
  • Tudor OB (1994): Theory and Methodology of Training. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, USA.
  • Williams, K, and Owen, A (2007): The impact of player numbers on the physiological responses to small sided games (abstract). Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 6, 10, pp. 100.
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA67TD72RF
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Özcan Bizati Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Bizati, Ö. (2016). Futbolda dar alan oyunlarının önemi. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(2), 225-233. https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000299

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