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RELATIONSHIPS OF LEG VOLUME, LEG MASS, ANAEROBICPERFORMANCE AND ISOKINETIC STRENGTH IN AMERICANFOOTBALL PLAYERS

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 35 - 41, 01.04.2010
https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000173

Öz

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between leg volume, leg mass anaerobic performance and isokinetic knee strength in American football players. 26 American football players participated in this study voluntarily. Frustum Method was used for the determination of leg volume, leg mass was determined by the Hanavan Method and the Wingate Anaerobic Power Test (WAnT) was used for the determination of anaerobic performance. Peak isokinetic knee extension and flexion torques were determined at 60º.s-1, 150º.s-1 and 240º.s-1. Results of Pearson Product Moment correlation analysis, indicated that leg volume was significantly correlated with leg mass (r=.838; p<0.01), maximum power (r=.581; p<0.01), mean power (r=.529; p<0.01) and 60º.s-1 knee extension torque (r=.560; p<0.01). Similarly leg mass was significantly correlated with maximum power (r=.533; p<0.01), mean power (r=.636; p<0.01) and 60º.s-1 knee extension torque (r=.448; p<0.05). In addition maximum power was significantly correlated with 60º.s-1(r=.487 p<0.05), 150º.s-1 (r=.554; p<0.01) and 240º.s-1 knee extension (r=.575; p<0.01) and also with 240º.s-1 knee flexion torques (r=0.553; p<0.05) while mean power was found to be correlated with 60º.s-1 (r=.463; p<0.05), 150º.s-1 (r=.517; p<0.01) and 240º.s-1 knee extension torques (r=.496; p<0.01) and 60º.s-1 knee flexion torques (r=.-404; p<0.05). As a conclusion, the findings of the present study indicated that leg volume and leg mass play a determinant role in anaerobic performance and isokinetic knee strength was found to be an important factor in anaerobic performance of American football players

Kaynakça

  • 1. Armstrong, N., Welsman, J. R. ve Chia, M. Y. H., Short term power output in relation to growth and maturation, British Journal of Sports Medicine. 35, 118-124, 2001.
  • 2. Arslan, C., Relationship Between the 30-Second Wingate Test and Characteristics of Isometric and Explosive Leg Strength ın Young Subjects, Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 19(3):658-666, 2005.
  • 3. Astrand, P. O. ve Rodahl, K., Textbook of Work Physiology, McGraw-Hill Company, Singapore., 2003.
  • 4. Baker, N. ve Nance, S., The relation between strength and power in professional Rugby league players. Journalof Strength and Conditioning Research,13(3):224-229, 1999.
  • 5. Bale, P., Colley, E., Mayhew, J.L., Piper, F.C. & Ware J.S., Anthropometric and somatotype variables related to strength American football players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness,34(4): 383-389, 1994.
  • 6. Bencke, J., Damsgaard, R., Saekmose, A., Jorgenson, P., Jorgenson, K. ve Klauen, K., Anaerobic power and muscle strength characteristics of 11 years old elite and non-elite boys and girls from gymnastics, team handball, tennis and swimming, Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports., 12, 171-178, 2002.
  • 7. Beyaz, M., İzokinetik Tork Değerleri ve Wingate Test ile Anaerobik Gücün Değerlendirilmesi, Tıpta Uzmanlık Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Spor Fizyolojisi Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi, İstanbul, 1997.
  • 8. Black, W. & Roundy, E., Comparisons of Size, Strength, Speed and Power in NCAA Division 1-A Football Players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, (8) 2:80-85, 1994.
  • 9. Bouchard, C., Taylor, A. W., Simaneau, J. ve Dulac, S., Testing Anaerobic Power and Capacity, “Physiological Testing of the High Performance Athlete” (Ed L. MacDouall, H. A. Wenger, H. Gren)’de, Human Kinetics Books, Champaign, IL. s. 175-221, 1991.
  • 10. Caluo, M., Rodos, G. Vallejo, M., Estroch, A., Arcas, A., Javenre, C., Viscor, G. ve Venture, J. L., Heritability of explosive power and anaerobic capacity in humans, European Journal of Applied Physiology., 86, 218-225, 2002.
  • 11. De Ste Croix, M. B. A., Armstrong, N., Chia, M. Y. H., Welsman, J. R., Parsons, G. ve Sharpe, P., Changes in short-term power output in 10 to 12–year-olds, Journal of Sports of Sciences., 19, 141-148, 2000.
  • 12. Dore, E., Bedu, M., França, N. M., Diallo, O., Duche, P. ve Praagh, E. V., Testing peak cycling performance: effects of braking force during growth, Medicine and Science in Sport Exercise., 32(2), 493-498, 2000.
  • 13. Dore, E., Bedu, M., França, N. M. ve Praagh, E. V., Anaerobic cycling performance characteristics in prepubescent, adolescent and young adults females, European Journal of Applied Physiology., 84, 476-481, 2001.
  • 14. Dowsan, M. N., Nevill, M.E., Lakomy, H.K. ve Hazeldine, R.J., Modelling the relationship between isokinetic muscle strength amd sprint running performance. Journal of Sports saciences. 16, 257-265, 1998.
  • 15. Heyward, V.H. & Stolarczyk, L.M., Applied Body Composition Assessment, IL: Human Kinetics.s;21-43, 1996.
  • 16. Inbar, O., Bar-Or, O. ve Skinner, J. S., The Wingate Anaerobik Test., Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, s: 2540, 1996.
  • 17. Ingulf, J., ve Burgers, S., Effects of Training on the Anaerobic Capacity, Department of Physiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Norway, 1990.
  • 18. Jacobs, I., Esbjörnsson, M., Sylven, C., Holm I. ve Jansson, E., Sprint training effects on muscle myoglobin, enzymes, fiber types and blood lactate, Medicine and Science in Sport and Exercise., 19(4), 368-374, 1987.
  • 19. Jackson, A. S. & Pollock, M. L., Generalized equations for predicting body density of men. British Journal of Nutrition., 40, 497-504, 1978.
  • 20. Kin İşler, A., Arıburun, B., Özkan A., The Relationship Between Anaerobic Performance, muscle strength, and sprint ability in American Football Player. Isokinetics and Exercise Science. 16(2):87-92, 2008.
  • 21. Koşar, N., Kin İşler, A., Üniversite öğrencilerinin wingate anaerobic performans profili ve cinsiyet farklılıkları, Spor Bilimleri Dergisi., 15 (1), 25-38, 2004.
  • 22. Kwon, Y.H., Modified Hanavan Model. [online]. http://www.kwon3d.com/theory/bspeq/hanavan.html/. [09.02.2006], 1998.
  • 23. Mann, R. V., A kinetic analysis of sprinting. Medicine Science Sports Exercise. 13İ325-328, 1981.
  • 24. Mero, A., Force-time characteristic and running velocity of male sprinters during the accelaration phase of sprinting. Research Quaterly for Exercise and Sport. 59-94, 1988.
  • 25. Mayhew, J. L., Hancook, K., Rollisan, L., Ball, T. E. ve Bowen, J. C., Contributionas of strength and body composition to the gender difference in anaerobic power, Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness., 41, 33-38, 2001.
  • 26. Mayrovitz, H. N., Sims, N., Litwin, B ve Pfister, S., Foot volume estimates based on a geometric algorithm in comparison to water displacement, Lymphology., 38, 20-27, 2005.
  • 27. Newman M.A., Tarpenning, K.M. ve Marino, F.E., Relationship between isokinetic knee strength, single-sprint performance, and repeated-sprint agility in football players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 18(4); 867-872, 2004.
  • 28. Saavedra, C., Lagasse, P., Bouchard, C. ve Simoneau, J., Maximal anaerobic performance of the knee extensor muscles during growth, Medicine and Science in Sport and Exercise., 23(9), 1083-1089, 1991.
  • 29. Shephard, R. J., Bouchlel, E., Vandewalle, H. ve Monod, H., Muscle mass as a factor limiting physical work, Journal of Applied Physiology., 64(4), 1472-1479, 1988.
  • 30. Staron, R. S., Hagerman, F. C., Hikida, R. S., Murray, T. F., Hostler, D. P., Crill, M. T., Ragg, K. E. ve Toma, K., Fiber Type composition of the vastus lateralis muscle of young men and women, The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry., 48(5), 623-629, 2000.
  • 31. Sukul, D. M. K. S. K., Den Hoed, K. S., Johannes, E. J., Van Dolder, R. ve Benda, E., Direct and indirect methods for the quantification of leg volume: comparison between water displacement volumetry, disk model method and the frustum sign model method, using the correlation coefficient and the limits of agreement, Journal of Biomedical England., 15, 477-480, 1993.
  • 32. Thorland, W. G., Johnson, G. O., Cisar, C. J., Housh, T. J. ve Tharp, G. D., Strength and anaerobic responses of elite young female sprint and distance runners, Medicine and Science in Sport and Exercise., 19(1), 56-61, 1987.
  • 33. Van Praagh, E., Felmann, N., Bedu, M., Falgairette, G. Coudert, G., Gender, J., Gender difference in the relationship of anaerobic power output to body composition in children, Pediatr. Exerc. Sci., 2, 336-348, 1990.
  • 34. Welsman, J.R., Armstrong, N., Kirby, B.J., Parsons, G., Sharpe, P., Exercise performance and magnetic resonance imagingdetermined thigh muscle volume in children, Eur. J. Appl. Physiol., 76, 92-97, 1997.
  • 35. Young, W., Mclean, B. Ve Ardagna, J., Relationship between strength qualities and sprinting performance. Journal Sports Medicine Physical Fitness. 35:13-19, 1995.

AMERİKAN FUTBOLCULARINDA BACAK HACMİ, BACAK KÜTLESİ, ANAEROBİK PERFORMANS VE İZOKİNETİK KUVVET ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 35 - 41, 01.04.2010
https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000173

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı Amerikan futbolcularında bacak hacmi, bacak kütlesi, anaerobik performans ve izokinetik bacak kuvveti arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışmaya toplam 26 gönüllü Amerikan futbolcusu katılmıştır. Sporcuların bacak hacmi Frustum yöntemi ile, bacak kütlesi ise Hanavan yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Anaerobik performansın belirlenmesinde Wingate anaerobik güç ve kapasite testi kullanılırken izokinetik kuvvetin belirlenmesinde konsantrik diz fleksiyon ve ekstansiyon kuvvetleri 60º, 150ºve 240º’lik hızlar kullanılmıştır. Yapılan Pearson Çarpımlar Moment Korelasyonu bacak hacmi ile bacak kütlesi (r=.838; p<0.01), maksimum güç (r=.581; p<0.01), ortalama güç (r=.529; p<0.01) ve 60º diz ekstansiyon kuvveti (r=.560; p<0.01) arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir. Benzer bir ilişki bacak kütlesi ile maksimum güç (r=.533; p<0.01), ortalama güç (r=.636; p<0.01) ve 60º diz ekstansiyon kuvveti (r=.448; p<0.05) arasında da bulunmuştur. Ayrıca maksimum güç ile 60º (r=.487 p<0.05), 150º(r=.554; p<0.01) ve 240º diz ekstansiyon (r=.575; p<0.01) ve 240º diz fleksiyon kuvveti (r=0.553; p<0.05) arasında anlamlı bir ilişki belirlenirken ortalama güç ile 60º (r=.463; p<0.05), 150º(r=.517; p<0.01) ve 240º diz ekstansiyon kuvveti (r=.496; p<0.01) ve 60º diz fleksiyon kuvveti (r=.-404; p<0.05) arasında ilişki bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, çalışmadaki bulgular bacak hacmi ve kütlesinin Amerikan futbolcularının anaerobik performanslarında belirleyici bir rolü olduğunu gösterirken, anaerobik performans ve izokinetik diz kuvveti arasında belirlenen ilişkiler kuvvetin anaerobik performanstaki önemini ortaya koymaktadır

Kaynakça

  • 1. Armstrong, N., Welsman, J. R. ve Chia, M. Y. H., Short term power output in relation to growth and maturation, British Journal of Sports Medicine. 35, 118-124, 2001.
  • 2. Arslan, C., Relationship Between the 30-Second Wingate Test and Characteristics of Isometric and Explosive Leg Strength ın Young Subjects, Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 19(3):658-666, 2005.
  • 3. Astrand, P. O. ve Rodahl, K., Textbook of Work Physiology, McGraw-Hill Company, Singapore., 2003.
  • 4. Baker, N. ve Nance, S., The relation between strength and power in professional Rugby league players. Journalof Strength and Conditioning Research,13(3):224-229, 1999.
  • 5. Bale, P., Colley, E., Mayhew, J.L., Piper, F.C. & Ware J.S., Anthropometric and somatotype variables related to strength American football players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness,34(4): 383-389, 1994.
  • 6. Bencke, J., Damsgaard, R., Saekmose, A., Jorgenson, P., Jorgenson, K. ve Klauen, K., Anaerobic power and muscle strength characteristics of 11 years old elite and non-elite boys and girls from gymnastics, team handball, tennis and swimming, Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports., 12, 171-178, 2002.
  • 7. Beyaz, M., İzokinetik Tork Değerleri ve Wingate Test ile Anaerobik Gücün Değerlendirilmesi, Tıpta Uzmanlık Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Spor Fizyolojisi Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi, İstanbul, 1997.
  • 8. Black, W. & Roundy, E., Comparisons of Size, Strength, Speed and Power in NCAA Division 1-A Football Players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, (8) 2:80-85, 1994.
  • 9. Bouchard, C., Taylor, A. W., Simaneau, J. ve Dulac, S., Testing Anaerobic Power and Capacity, “Physiological Testing of the High Performance Athlete” (Ed L. MacDouall, H. A. Wenger, H. Gren)’de, Human Kinetics Books, Champaign, IL. s. 175-221, 1991.
  • 10. Caluo, M., Rodos, G. Vallejo, M., Estroch, A., Arcas, A., Javenre, C., Viscor, G. ve Venture, J. L., Heritability of explosive power and anaerobic capacity in humans, European Journal of Applied Physiology., 86, 218-225, 2002.
  • 11. De Ste Croix, M. B. A., Armstrong, N., Chia, M. Y. H., Welsman, J. R., Parsons, G. ve Sharpe, P., Changes in short-term power output in 10 to 12–year-olds, Journal of Sports of Sciences., 19, 141-148, 2000.
  • 12. Dore, E., Bedu, M., França, N. M., Diallo, O., Duche, P. ve Praagh, E. V., Testing peak cycling performance: effects of braking force during growth, Medicine and Science in Sport Exercise., 32(2), 493-498, 2000.
  • 13. Dore, E., Bedu, M., França, N. M. ve Praagh, E. V., Anaerobic cycling performance characteristics in prepubescent, adolescent and young adults females, European Journal of Applied Physiology., 84, 476-481, 2001.
  • 14. Dowsan, M. N., Nevill, M.E., Lakomy, H.K. ve Hazeldine, R.J., Modelling the relationship between isokinetic muscle strength amd sprint running performance. Journal of Sports saciences. 16, 257-265, 1998.
  • 15. Heyward, V.H. & Stolarczyk, L.M., Applied Body Composition Assessment, IL: Human Kinetics.s;21-43, 1996.
  • 16. Inbar, O., Bar-Or, O. ve Skinner, J. S., The Wingate Anaerobik Test., Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, s: 2540, 1996.
  • 17. Ingulf, J., ve Burgers, S., Effects of Training on the Anaerobic Capacity, Department of Physiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Norway, 1990.
  • 18. Jacobs, I., Esbjörnsson, M., Sylven, C., Holm I. ve Jansson, E., Sprint training effects on muscle myoglobin, enzymes, fiber types and blood lactate, Medicine and Science in Sport and Exercise., 19(4), 368-374, 1987.
  • 19. Jackson, A. S. & Pollock, M. L., Generalized equations for predicting body density of men. British Journal of Nutrition., 40, 497-504, 1978.
  • 20. Kin İşler, A., Arıburun, B., Özkan A., The Relationship Between Anaerobic Performance, muscle strength, and sprint ability in American Football Player. Isokinetics and Exercise Science. 16(2):87-92, 2008.
  • 21. Koşar, N., Kin İşler, A., Üniversite öğrencilerinin wingate anaerobic performans profili ve cinsiyet farklılıkları, Spor Bilimleri Dergisi., 15 (1), 25-38, 2004.
  • 22. Kwon, Y.H., Modified Hanavan Model. [online]. http://www.kwon3d.com/theory/bspeq/hanavan.html/. [09.02.2006], 1998.
  • 23. Mann, R. V., A kinetic analysis of sprinting. Medicine Science Sports Exercise. 13İ325-328, 1981.
  • 24. Mero, A., Force-time characteristic and running velocity of male sprinters during the accelaration phase of sprinting. Research Quaterly for Exercise and Sport. 59-94, 1988.
  • 25. Mayhew, J. L., Hancook, K., Rollisan, L., Ball, T. E. ve Bowen, J. C., Contributionas of strength and body composition to the gender difference in anaerobic power, Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness., 41, 33-38, 2001.
  • 26. Mayrovitz, H. N., Sims, N., Litwin, B ve Pfister, S., Foot volume estimates based on a geometric algorithm in comparison to water displacement, Lymphology., 38, 20-27, 2005.
  • 27. Newman M.A., Tarpenning, K.M. ve Marino, F.E., Relationship between isokinetic knee strength, single-sprint performance, and repeated-sprint agility in football players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 18(4); 867-872, 2004.
  • 28. Saavedra, C., Lagasse, P., Bouchard, C. ve Simoneau, J., Maximal anaerobic performance of the knee extensor muscles during growth, Medicine and Science in Sport and Exercise., 23(9), 1083-1089, 1991.
  • 29. Shephard, R. J., Bouchlel, E., Vandewalle, H. ve Monod, H., Muscle mass as a factor limiting physical work, Journal of Applied Physiology., 64(4), 1472-1479, 1988.
  • 30. Staron, R. S., Hagerman, F. C., Hikida, R. S., Murray, T. F., Hostler, D. P., Crill, M. T., Ragg, K. E. ve Toma, K., Fiber Type composition of the vastus lateralis muscle of young men and women, The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry., 48(5), 623-629, 2000.
  • 31. Sukul, D. M. K. S. K., Den Hoed, K. S., Johannes, E. J., Van Dolder, R. ve Benda, E., Direct and indirect methods for the quantification of leg volume: comparison between water displacement volumetry, disk model method and the frustum sign model method, using the correlation coefficient and the limits of agreement, Journal of Biomedical England., 15, 477-480, 1993.
  • 32. Thorland, W. G., Johnson, G. O., Cisar, C. J., Housh, T. J. ve Tharp, G. D., Strength and anaerobic responses of elite young female sprint and distance runners, Medicine and Science in Sport and Exercise., 19(1), 56-61, 1987.
  • 33. Van Praagh, E., Felmann, N., Bedu, M., Falgairette, G. Coudert, G., Gender, J., Gender difference in the relationship of anaerobic power output to body composition in children, Pediatr. Exerc. Sci., 2, 336-348, 1990.
  • 34. Welsman, J.R., Armstrong, N., Kirby, B.J., Parsons, G., Sharpe, P., Exercise performance and magnetic resonance imagingdetermined thigh muscle volume in children, Eur. J. Appl. Physiol., 76, 92-97, 1997.
  • 35. Young, W., Mclean, B. Ve Ardagna, J., Relationship between strength qualities and sprinting performance. Journal Sports Medicine Physical Fitness. 35:13-19, 1995.
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Spor Hekimliği
Diğer ID JA55YY79MR
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ali Özkan Bu kişi benim

Ayşe Kin-işler Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Nisan 2010
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2010 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Özkan, A., & Kin-işler, A. (2010). AMERİKAN FUTBOLCULARINDA BACAK HACMİ, BACAK KÜTLESİ, ANAEROBİK PERFORMANS VE İZOKİNETİK KUVVET ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(1), 35-41. https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000173

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