Kuvvet Antrenmanlarına Bağlı Akut Laktat Üretimi

Yıl 2009, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 29 - 36, 01.04.2009

Hayriye Çakır Atabek

https://doi.org/10.1501/Sporm_0000000147

Öz

Kuvvet/güç adaptasyonu için akut mekanik ve hormonal uyaranların önemi çok iyi tanımlanmıştır. Bununla birlikte, kuvvet antrenmanlarına adaptasyonun oluşabilmesi için akut metabolik uyaranların da önemli olabileceği vurgulanmaktadır. Geleneksel yaklaşım içinde dayanıklılık egzersizleri sırasında görülen metabolik yanıtların bu egzersiz türünde bazı adaptasyonlara neden olurken, kuvvet ve güç çıktılarında anlamlı değişikliklere neden olmadığına inanılır. Ancak kasın büyümesini amaçlayan kuvvet antrenmanlarının kan laktat seviyesini göreceli olarak daha fazla arttırdığı gözlenmiştir. Buna karşın, pratikte kullanılan kuvvet/güç antrenmanlarının organizma üzerine bindirdiği metabolik stres hakkında çok az şey bilinmektedir. Kuvvet antrenmanları sırasında laktatın antrenmanlara yanıtı veya laktatın kanda birikimi nadiren vurgulanmakta, bu kapsamda, laktat üretiminin kuvvet antrenmanlarından nasıl etkilendiğinin incelenmesi ve konu ile ilgili literatürün derlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda; kuvvet antrenmanlarında adaptasyon mekanizmaları ve özellikle metabolik uyaranlar ile ilgili olanlar vurgulanmıştır. Pratikte kullanılan üç genel kuvvet antrenman türünün akut laktat üretimine etkisi incelenmiştir. Bunlar: 1- Hipertrofi antrenmanı (kontrollü hareketler, şiddetti düşük-orta, dinlenme süreleri kısa ve antrenman kapsamı yüksektir), 2- Nöronal antrenmanı (hareketin hızlı yapılması amaçlanır, şiddeti yüksek, dinlenme süreleri uzun ve antrenman kapsamı düşüktür), 3- Dinamik/güç antrenmanıdır (patlayıcı ve/veya balistik hareketler yapılır, şiddetti düşük, dinlenme süreleri çok kısa veya çok uzun değil ve antrenman kapsamı daha düşüktür). Akut laktat üretimini etkileyen yaş, cinsiyet ve antrenman durumu faktörleri de incelenmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kuvvet Antrenmanı, Yaş, Cinsiyet, Antrenman Durumu, Laktat Üretimi

ACUTE LACTATE PRODUCTION DURING RESISTANCE TRAINING

Öz

The importance of acute mechanic and hormonal stimulus for strength and power adaptation has been well defined. Recently, it has been emphasized that acute metabolic stimulus may also be very important for strength adaptation. Traditionally, it is believed that the metabolic responses that occurred during endurance exercises are the causes of adaptation to this kind of exercises, but the metabolic responses that occurred during resistance exercises are not effective for adaptation to this kind of exercises. On the other hand, it has been demonstrated that the strength training that aimed muscle growth, increased relatively the blood lactate levels more. Besides this, little is known about the metabolic stress imposed on system by different strength / power training types used in practice. Acute lactate responses to resistance training or lactate accumulation in blood during resistance training are rarely emphasized. In this context, we aimed to investigate how the resistance training effects the lactate production and also to compile the literature about this topic. According to the aim, adaptation mechanism of strength training and especially those related with metabolic stimulus have been demonstrated. The effects of three general types of strength training used in practice on the acute lactate production has also been examined: 1- Hypertrophy training; controlled movements, moderate loads, short rest periods and high total work, 2- Neuronal training; explosive intent, heavy loads, long rest periods and lower total work, 3- Dynamic power training; explosive and/or ballistic movements, light loads, moderate rest periods, lower total work. The influence of age, sex and training status upon the acute lactate response to resistance exercise has also been investigated

Anahtar Kelimeler

Resistance Training, Age, Sex, Training Status, Lactate Production

Kaynakça

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