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EATING HABITS AND SPORTIVE PERFORMANCE OF VEGAN ATHLETES

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 4, 20 - 42, 30.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.931483

Öz

The relevance of veganism has been increased nowadays both in the general population and athletes. The vegan diet is a type of plant-based diet that does not consume animal-sourced products such as meat, milk, seafood, eggs and honey. It has been argued that, in theory, the vegan diet could improve sportive performance because; high intake of carbohydrate may increase glycogen stores, high intake of phytochemicals and antioxidants may reduce oxidative stress and may improve the immune system. Increased fruit and vegetable consumption could result in higher muscle pH, thus balance muscle acidity. A poorly planned vegan diet may adversely affect health and sportive performance due to a lack of daily nutrient intake. This review aims to investigate the eating habits of vegan athletes and the effects of the vegan diet on sportive performance by make use of up-to-date literature.

Kaynakça

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VEGAN SPORCULARDA BESLENME VE SPORTİF PERFORMANS

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 4, 20 - 42, 30.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.931483

Öz

Günümüzde hem genel popülasyon hem de sporcular arasında vegan beslenmeye olan ilgi artmıştır. Vegan beslenme, et, süt, deniz ürünleri, yumurta ve bal gibi hayvansal besinlerin tüketilmediği, sadece bitkisel besinlerin tüketildiği bitkisel kaynaklı beslenmenin bir modelidir. Teorik olarak, vegan beslenme ile alınan karbonhidratın fazla olmasının vücuttaki glikojen depolarını arttırabileceği, tüketimi artan fitokimyasallar ve antioksidanların uzun süreli egzersiz ile ilişkili oksidatif stresi azaltabileceği ve genel bağışıklığı arttırabileceği, meyve ve sebze tüketiminin fazla olmasından dolayı, kas pH’sındaki artışın alkali bir ortam oluşturarak kastaki asiditeyi dengeleyebileceği, böylece vegan beslenmenin sportif performansı arttıracağı belirtilmektedir. İyi planlanmamış vegan bir diyet ile günlük besin öğesi ihtiyaçları eksik kalabilir, sağlık ve performans olumsuz olarak etkilenebilir. Bu derleme, güncel literatür eşliğinde vegan sporcularda beslenmeyi ve vegan beslenmenin sportif performans üzerindeki etkilerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Agnoli, C., Baroni, L., Bertini, I., Ciappellano, S., Fabbri, A., Papa, M., ... Sieri, S. (2017). Position paper on vegetarian diets from the working group of the Italian Society of Human Nutrition. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 27(12), 1037-1052.
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  • Ho-Pham, L. T., Vu, B. Q., Lai, T. Q., Nguyen, N. D.,Nguyen, T. V. (2012). Vegetarianism, bone loss, fracture and vitamin D: a longitudinal study in Asian vegans and non-vegans. European journal of clinical nutrition, 66(1), 75-82.
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  • Janssen, M., Busch, C., Rödiger, M., Hamm, U. (2016). Motives of consumers following a vegan diet and their attitudes towards animal agriculture. Appetite, 105, 643-651.
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  • Nebl, J., Schuchardt, J. P., Ströhle, A., Wasserfurth, P., Haufe, S., Eigendorf, J., ...Hahn, A. (2019). Micronutrient status of recreational runners with vegetarian or non-vegetarian dietary patterns. Nutrients, 11(5), 1146.
  • Nebl, J., Schuchardt, J. P., Ströhle, A., Wasserfurth, P., Haufe, S., Eigendorf, J., ...Hahn, A. (2019). Micronutrient status of recreational runners with vegetarian or non-vegetarian dietary patterns. Nutrients, 11(5), 1146.
  • Nebl, J., Schuchardt, J. P., Wasserfurth, P., Haufe, S., Eigendorf, J., Tegtbur, U.,Hahn, A. (2019). Characterization, dietary habits and nutritional intake of omnivorous, lacto-ovo vegetarian and vegan runners–a pilot study. BMC nutrition, 5(1), 1-14.
  • Norris, J. (2012). Iron in Vegetarian Diets. Vegetarian Nutrition 5–6.
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  • Orlich, M. J., Singh, P. N., Sabaté, J., Jaceldo-Siegl, K., Fan, J., Knutsen, S., ...Fraser, G. E. (2013). Vegetarian dietary patterns and mortality in Adventist Health Study 2. JAMA internal medicine, 173(13), 1230-1238.
  • Oussalah, A., Levy, J., Berthezène, C., Alpers, D. H.,Guéant, J. L. (2020). Health outcomes associated with vegetarian diets: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Clinical Nutrition, 39(11), 3283-3307.
  • Outila, T. A., KÄRKKÄINEN, M. U. M., SEPPÄNEN, R. H.,Lamberg-Allardt, C. J. E. (2000). Dietary intake of vitamin D in premenopausal, healthy vegans was insufficient to maintain concentrations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and intact parathyroid hormone within normal ranges during the winter in Finland. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 100(4), 434-441.
  • Owens, D. J.,Close, G. L. (2013). Vitamin D and athletic performance. Agro FOOD Industry Hi Tech, 24.
  • Pawlak, R., Lester, S. E.,Babatunde, T. (2014). The prevalence of cobalamin deficiency among vegetarians assessed by serum vitamin B12: a review of literature. European journal of clinical nutrition, 68(5), 541-548.
  • Pedlar, C. R., Newell, J.,Lewis, N. A. (2019). Blood biomarker profiling and monitoring for high-performance physiology and nutrition: current perspectives, limitations and recommendations. Sports Medicine, 49(2), 185-198.
  • Phillips, F. (2005). Vegetarian nutrition. Nutrition Bulletin, 30(2), 132-167.
  • Phillips, S. M. (2016). The impact of protein quality on the promotion of resistance exercise-induced changes in muscle mass. Nutrition & metabolism, 13(1), 1-9.
  • Phillips, S. M.,Van Loon, L. J. (2011). Dietary protein for athletes: from requirements to optimum adaptation. Journal of sports sciences, 29(sup1), S29-S38.
  • Read, S.,Grundy, E. (2012). Allostatic load–a challenge to measure multisystem physiological dysregulation. Pathways Node at NCRM.
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  • Rogerson, D. (2017). Vegan diets: practical advice for athletes and exercisers. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 14(1), 1-15.
  • Rosell, M. S., Lloyd-Wright, Z., Appleby, P. N., Sanders, T. A., Allen, N. E.,Key, T. J. (2005). Long-chain n–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma in British meat-eating, vegetarian, and vegan men–. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 82(2), 327-334.
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  • Sakkas, H., Bozidis, P., Touzios, C., Kolios, D., Athanasiou, G., Athanasopoulou, E., ...Gartzonika, C. (2020). Nutritional status and the influence of the vegan diet on the gut microbiota and human health. Medicina, 56(2), 88.
  • San-Millán, I. (2019). Blood biomarkers in sports medicine and performance and the future of metabolomics. In High-Throughput Metabolomics (pp. 431-446). Humana, New York, NY.
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Toplam 113 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Spor Hekimliği
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Duygu İpekçi 0000-0003-2921-6852

Neşe Toktaş 0000-0002-3206-6536

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 23 Aralık 2021
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 19 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA İpekçi, D., & Toktaş, N. (2021). VEGAN SPORCULARDA BESLENME VE SPORTİF PERFORMANS. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 19(4), 20-42. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.931483

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