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Evaluation of the Accuracy of Low Frame Rate Video in Kinovea® on Drop Jump by Interpolation

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1 , 83 - 99 , 01.04.2026

Benil Kıstak Altan , Barış Karakoç , Alper Aşçı

https://doi.org/10.53025/sportive.1608404
https://izlik.org/JA68SK77RD

Öz

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of low frame rate video in 2D Kinovea® compared to 3D Qualisys Track Manager (QTM) on drop jump by interpolation. A total of 74 jumps were collected from 37 athletes. Reflective markers were placed on specific anatomical points (right/left upper point of acromion, anterior superior iliac spine, knee, foot) of the athletes. A single trial of a double-legged drop jumps were performed from two different box heights. QTM recorded all jumps using cameras at 500 Hz and synchronized with video at a speed of 30 Hz. All reflective markers were tracked and analysed in QTM and Kinovea. The horizontal and vertical positions of all reflective markers for jump instants (first contact, take-off, second contact) obtained both in QTM and the Kinovea, were exported to MS Excel. Kinovea data were interpolated to 500 Hz in Matlab software using a linear method. Horizontal and vertical displacement parameters were calculated in MS Excel, as the differences of the position data between the instants for the two different phases of the jumps (contact and flight phases). The Bland-Altman method was used for those parameters in JASP 0.17.1. The results showed significant agreement between QTM and Kinovea for the horizontal position parameters of left and right foot at first contact of drop jump. No significant agreement was found for the vertical displacement parameters during the contact and flight phases. In conclusion, to obtain accurate results in Kinovea, especially in the vertical displacement for a movement, it is recommended that the frame rate of the video should exceed more than 30 Hz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Motion analysis Kinovea Qualisys Track Manager Drop jump

Kaynakça

  • Al-Jadaan, D. A. N. (2020). Analytical study to indicate the comparison in biomechanical variables of handball scoring. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(02), 224–230. https://doi.org/10.37200/IJPR/V24I2/PR200327
  • Amirah, N., Hisham, H., Faiz, A., Nazri, A., Madete, J., Herawati, L., & Mahmud, J. (2017). Measuring Ankle Angle and Analysis of Walking Gait using Kinovea®. http://repository.unair.ac.id/id/eprint/96814
  • Aprilo, I., Asmawi, M., & Tangkudung, J. (2022). Kinovea®-Based : Tennis spin serve analysis. Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation, 11(2), 79–85. http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/peshr
  • Attaallah, M., Bassiouni, S., Hassan, A. M. R., Sunderland, C., Soliman, W., Amin, M., & Tschan, H. (2021). The penalty kick accuracy in soccer: A new biomechanical approach. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 16(Proc4), S1552–S1562. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2021.16.Proc4.01
  • Balsalobre-Fernández, C., Tejero-González, C. M., del Campo-Vecino, J., & Bavaresco, N. (2014). The concurrent validity and reliability of a low-cost, high-speed camera-based method for measuring the flight time of vertical jumps. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(2), 528–533. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318299a52e
  • Barris, S., & Button, C. (2008). A review of vision-based motion analysis in sport. Sports Medicine, 38(12), 1025–1043. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200838120-00006
  • Beulens, A. J. W., Namba, H. F., Brinkman, W. M., Meijer, R. P., Koldewijn, E. L., Hendrikx, A. J. M., van Basten, J. P., van Merriënboer, J. J. G., Van der Poel, H. G., Bangma, C., & Wagner, C. (2020). Analysis of the video motion tracking system “Kinovea®” to assess surgical movements during robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy. The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery, 16(2), e2090. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.2090
  • Bubanj, S., Radenković, M., Stanković, D., Petković, E., Lilić, A., Bojić, I., Aksović, N., Dobrescu, T., Bjelica, B., Ćuk, I., Mazić, S., Petrini, F. M., Sinanović, S., Tomović, M., & Leuciuc, F. V. (2023). Biomechanics of ascending and descending stairs in a patient with transfemoral amputation and neural sensory feedback: A case report. Symmetry, 15(7), 1443. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15071443
  • Caseiro-Filho, L. C., Girasol, C. E., Rinaldi, M. L., Lemos, T. W., & Guirro, R. R. J. (2023). Analysis of the accuracy and reliability of vertical jump evaluation using a low-cost acquisition system. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-023-00718-z
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Routledge.
  • Eltoukhy, M., Kelly, A., Kim, C. Y., Jun, H. P., Campbell, R., & Kuenze, C. (2016). Validation of the Microsoft Kinect® camera system for measurement of lower extremity jump landing and squatting kinematics. Sports Biomechanics, 15(1), 89–102. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2015.1123766
  • Fernández-González, P., Koutsou, A., Cuesta-Gómez, A., Carratalá-Tejada, M., Miangolarra-Page, J. C., & Molina-Rueda, F. (2020). Reliability of Kinovea® software and agreement with a three-dimensional motion system for gait analysis in healthy subjects. Sensors (Switzerland), 20(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/s20113154
  • George, D., & Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference, 17.0 update. Boston: Pearson Allyn & Bacon Publishers Ltd.
  • Irawan, F. A., & Prastiwi, T. A. S. (2022). Biomechanical analysis of the three-point shoot in basketball: shooting performance. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 22(12), 3003–3009. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2022.12379
  • Jimenez-Olmedo, J. M., Penichet-Tomás, A., Villalón-Gasch, L., & Pueo, B. (2021). Validity and reliability of smartphone high-speed camera and Kinovea® for velocity-based training measurement. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 16(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2021.164.11
  • Marshall, M. E. (2018). Field Measure to Estimate Vertical and Leg Stiffness [East Carolina University]. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6863
  • Nor Adnan, N. M., Ab Patar, M. N. A., Lee, H., Yamamoto, S. I., Jong-Young, L., & Mahmud, J. (2018). Biomechanical analysis using Kinovea® for sports application. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 342(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/342/1/012097
  • Pueo, B., Penichet-Tomas, A., & Jimenez-Olmedo, J. M. (2020). Validity, reliability and usefulness of smartphone and Kinovea® motion analysis software for direct measurement of vertical jump height. Physiology & Behavior, 227, 113144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113144
  • Puig-Diví, A., Escalona-Marfil, C., Padullés-Riu, J. M., Busquets, A., Padullés-Chando, X., & Marcos-Ruiz, D. (2019). Validity and reliability of the Kinovea® program in obtaining angles and distances using coordinates in 4 perspectives. PLOS ONE, 14(6), e0216448. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216448
  • Sañudo, B., Rueda, D., Pozo-Cruz, B. del, de Hoyo, M., & Carrasco, L. (2016). Validation of a video analysis software package for quantifying movement velocity in resistance exercises. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(10), 2934–2941. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000563
  • Schurr, S. A., Marshall, A. N., Resch, J. E., & Saliba, S. A. (2017). Two-dimensional video analysis is comparable to 3D motion capture in lower extremity movement assessment. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 12(2), 163–172. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28515970
  • Yusof, Y., Hisham, N. A. H., Patar, M. N. A. A., Le, C. H., Mahmud, J., Lee, H., Yamamoto, S., & Herawati, L. (2022). Walking gait analysis: Kinovea® versus motion capture system. 2022 IEEE 13th Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium (ICSGRC), 187–191. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSGRC55096.2022.9845136

Kinovea®'daki Düşük Kare Hızlı Videonun İnterpolasyonla Derinlik Sıçramasındaki Doğruluğunun Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1 , 83 - 99 , 01.04.2026

Benil Kıstak Altan , Barış Karakoç , Alper Aşçı

https://doi.org/10.53025/sportive.1608404
https://izlik.org/JA68SK77RD

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, derinlik sıçramasında 2D Kinovea®'daki düşük kare hızlı videoyu interpole ederek doğruluğunu 3D Qualisys Track Manager (QTM)’e göre değerlendirmektir. Çalışmada 37 sporcudan toplam 74 sıçrama alınmıştır. Sporcuların belirli anatomik noktalarına (akromiyonun sağ/sol üst noktası, anterior superior iliak omurga, diz, ayak) yansıtıcı işaretleyiciler yerleştirilmiştir. İki farklı kutu yüksekliğinden tek tekrarlı derinlik sıçraması gerçekleştirilmiştir. QTM tüm atlayışları 500 Hz hızında kameralar kullanarak kaydetmiş ve 30 Hz hızında video ile senkronize etmiştir. Tüm yansıtıcı işaretler QTM ve Kinovea'da takip ve analiz edilmiştir. Hem QTM hem de Kinovea'da tüm yansıtıcı işaretleyicilerden elde edilen sıçramanın bölümlerine ait (ilk temas, kalkış, ikinci temas) yatay ve dikey konum verileri MS Excel'e aktarılmıştır. Kinovea verileri Matlab yazılımında doğrusal bir yöntem kullanılarak 500 Hz'e interpole edilmiştir. Yatay ve dikey yer değiştirme parametreleri MS Excel'de, atlayışların iki farklı fazı (temas ve uçuş fazları) için anlık pozisyon verileri arasındaki farklar olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu değişkenler için JASP 0.17.1'de Bland-Altman yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar QTM ve Kinovea arasında derinlik sıçramasının ilk temasında sol ve sağ ayağın yatay pozisyon parametreleri için anlamlı bir uyum olduğunu göstermiştir. Temas ve uçuş fazlarındaki dikey yer değiştirme parametreleri için anlamlı bir uyum bulunmamıştır. Sonuç olarak Kinovea’da özellikle hareketin dikey yer değiştirmesinde doğru sonuçlar elde etmek için, video kare hızının 30 Hz'den fazla olması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hareket analizi Kinovea Qualisys Track Manager Derinlik sıçraması

Kaynakça

  • Al-Jadaan, D. A. N. (2020). Analytical study to indicate the comparison in biomechanical variables of handball scoring. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(02), 224–230. https://doi.org/10.37200/IJPR/V24I2/PR200327
  • Amirah, N., Hisham, H., Faiz, A., Nazri, A., Madete, J., Herawati, L., & Mahmud, J. (2017). Measuring Ankle Angle and Analysis of Walking Gait using Kinovea®. http://repository.unair.ac.id/id/eprint/96814
  • Aprilo, I., Asmawi, M., & Tangkudung, J. (2022). Kinovea®-Based : Tennis spin serve analysis. Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation, 11(2), 79–85. http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/peshr
  • Attaallah, M., Bassiouni, S., Hassan, A. M. R., Sunderland, C., Soliman, W., Amin, M., & Tschan, H. (2021). The penalty kick accuracy in soccer: A new biomechanical approach. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 16(Proc4), S1552–S1562. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2021.16.Proc4.01
  • Balsalobre-Fernández, C., Tejero-González, C. M., del Campo-Vecino, J., & Bavaresco, N. (2014). The concurrent validity and reliability of a low-cost, high-speed camera-based method for measuring the flight time of vertical jumps. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(2), 528–533. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318299a52e
  • Barris, S., & Button, C. (2008). A review of vision-based motion analysis in sport. Sports Medicine, 38(12), 1025–1043. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200838120-00006
  • Beulens, A. J. W., Namba, H. F., Brinkman, W. M., Meijer, R. P., Koldewijn, E. L., Hendrikx, A. J. M., van Basten, J. P., van Merriënboer, J. J. G., Van der Poel, H. G., Bangma, C., & Wagner, C. (2020). Analysis of the video motion tracking system “Kinovea®” to assess surgical movements during robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy. The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery, 16(2), e2090. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcs.2090
  • Bubanj, S., Radenković, M., Stanković, D., Petković, E., Lilić, A., Bojić, I., Aksović, N., Dobrescu, T., Bjelica, B., Ćuk, I., Mazić, S., Petrini, F. M., Sinanović, S., Tomović, M., & Leuciuc, F. V. (2023). Biomechanics of ascending and descending stairs in a patient with transfemoral amputation and neural sensory feedback: A case report. Symmetry, 15(7), 1443. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15071443
  • Caseiro-Filho, L. C., Girasol, C. E., Rinaldi, M. L., Lemos, T. W., & Guirro, R. R. J. (2023). Analysis of the accuracy and reliability of vertical jump evaluation using a low-cost acquisition system. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-023-00718-z
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Routledge.
  • Eltoukhy, M., Kelly, A., Kim, C. Y., Jun, H. P., Campbell, R., & Kuenze, C. (2016). Validation of the Microsoft Kinect® camera system for measurement of lower extremity jump landing and squatting kinematics. Sports Biomechanics, 15(1), 89–102. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2015.1123766
  • Fernández-González, P., Koutsou, A., Cuesta-Gómez, A., Carratalá-Tejada, M., Miangolarra-Page, J. C., & Molina-Rueda, F. (2020). Reliability of Kinovea® software and agreement with a three-dimensional motion system for gait analysis in healthy subjects. Sensors (Switzerland), 20(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/s20113154
  • George, D., & Mallery, M. (2010). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference, 17.0 update. Boston: Pearson Allyn & Bacon Publishers Ltd.
  • Irawan, F. A., & Prastiwi, T. A. S. (2022). Biomechanical analysis of the three-point shoot in basketball: shooting performance. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 22(12), 3003–3009. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2022.12379
  • Jimenez-Olmedo, J. M., Penichet-Tomás, A., Villalón-Gasch, L., & Pueo, B. (2021). Validity and reliability of smartphone high-speed camera and Kinovea® for velocity-based training measurement. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 16(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2021.164.11
  • Marshall, M. E. (2018). Field Measure to Estimate Vertical and Leg Stiffness [East Carolina University]. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/6863
  • Nor Adnan, N. M., Ab Patar, M. N. A., Lee, H., Yamamoto, S. I., Jong-Young, L., & Mahmud, J. (2018). Biomechanical analysis using Kinovea® for sports application. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 342(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/342/1/012097
  • Pueo, B., Penichet-Tomas, A., & Jimenez-Olmedo, J. M. (2020). Validity, reliability and usefulness of smartphone and Kinovea® motion analysis software for direct measurement of vertical jump height. Physiology & Behavior, 227, 113144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113144
  • Puig-Diví, A., Escalona-Marfil, C., Padullés-Riu, J. M., Busquets, A., Padullés-Chando, X., & Marcos-Ruiz, D. (2019). Validity and reliability of the Kinovea® program in obtaining angles and distances using coordinates in 4 perspectives. PLOS ONE, 14(6), e0216448. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216448
  • Sañudo, B., Rueda, D., Pozo-Cruz, B. del, de Hoyo, M., & Carrasco, L. (2016). Validation of a video analysis software package for quantifying movement velocity in resistance exercises. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 30(10), 2934–2941. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000563
  • Schurr, S. A., Marshall, A. N., Resch, J. E., & Saliba, S. A. (2017). Two-dimensional video analysis is comparable to 3D motion capture in lower extremity movement assessment. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 12(2), 163–172. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28515970
  • Yusof, Y., Hisham, N. A. H., Patar, M. N. A. A., Le, C. H., Mahmud, J., Lee, H., Yamamoto, S., & Herawati, L. (2022). Walking gait analysis: Kinovea® versus motion capture system. 2022 IEEE 13th Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium (ICSGRC), 187–191. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSGRC55096.2022.9845136
Toplam 22 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Spor Hekimliği
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Benil Kıstak Altan 0000-0002-5868-6856

Barış Karakoç 0000-0002-2128-8483

Alper Aşçı 0000-0003-3958-8908

Gönderilme Tarihi 27 Aralık 2024
Kabul Tarihi 18 Mart 2026
Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Nisan 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.53025/sportive.1608404
IZ https://izlik.org/JA68SK77RD
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Kıstak Altan, B., Karakoç, B., & Aşçı, A. (2026). Evaluation of the Accuracy of Low Frame Rate Video in Kinovea® on Drop Jump by Interpolation. Sportive, 9(1), 83-99. https://doi.org/10.53025/sportive.1608404
AMA 1.Kıstak Altan B, Karakoç B, Aşçı A. Evaluation of the Accuracy of Low Frame Rate Video in Kinovea® on Drop Jump by Interpolation. SPORTIVE. 2026;9(1):83-99. doi:10.53025/sportive.1608404
Chicago Kıstak Altan, Benil, Barış Karakoç, ve Alper Aşçı. 2026. “Evaluation of the Accuracy of Low Frame Rate Video in Kinovea® on Drop Jump by Interpolation”. Sportive 9 (1): 83-99. https://doi.org/10.53025/sportive.1608404.
EndNote Kıstak Altan B, Karakoç B, Aşçı A (01 Nisan 2026) Evaluation of the Accuracy of Low Frame Rate Video in Kinovea® on Drop Jump by Interpolation. Sportive 9 1 83–99.
IEEE [1]B. Kıstak Altan, B. Karakoç, ve A. Aşçı, “Evaluation of the Accuracy of Low Frame Rate Video in Kinovea® on Drop Jump by Interpolation”, SPORTIVE, c. 9, sy 1, ss. 83–99, Nis. 2026, doi: 10.53025/sportive.1608404.
ISNAD Kıstak Altan, Benil - Karakoç, Barış - Aşçı, Alper. “Evaluation of the Accuracy of Low Frame Rate Video in Kinovea® on Drop Jump by Interpolation”. Sportive 9/1 (01 Nisan 2026): 83-99. https://doi.org/10.53025/sportive.1608404.
JAMA 1.Kıstak Altan B, Karakoç B, Aşçı A. Evaluation of the Accuracy of Low Frame Rate Video in Kinovea® on Drop Jump by Interpolation. SPORTIVE. 2026;9:83–99.
MLA Kıstak Altan, Benil, vd. “Evaluation of the Accuracy of Low Frame Rate Video in Kinovea® on Drop Jump by Interpolation”. Sportive, c. 9, sy 1, Nisan 2026, ss. 83-99, doi:10.53025/sportive.1608404.
Vancouver 1.Benil Kıstak Altan, Barış Karakoç, Alper Aşçı. Evaluation of the Accuracy of Low Frame Rate Video in Kinovea® on Drop Jump by Interpolation. SPORTIVE. 01 Nisan 2026;9(1):83-99. doi:10.53025/sportive.1608404

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