MASA BAŞI ÇALIŞANLARIN FİZİKSEL AKTİVİTE DÜZEYİNE GÖRE YAŞAM KALİTESİ, ANKSİYETE VE İŞ DOYUMUNUN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 1 - 14, 29.02.2024

Gülşen Taşkın , Emel Taşvuran Horata

Öz

Amaç: Fiziksel aktivite, iskelet kasları tarafından enerji harcamasıyla gerçekleştirilen bedensel hareketler olarak tanımlanmaktadır ve bireylerde ve sağlıkla yaşam kalitesi ilgili değiştirilebilir bir risk faktörüdür. Bu araştırma; masa başında çalışan bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin yaşam kalitesi, anksiyete ve iş doyumuna olan etkisini karşılaştırmayı amaçladı.
Yöntem: Araştırmaya masa başında çalışan 18-65 yaş aralığındaki (n=160) bireyler kolay örnekleme yöntemiyle dahil edildi. Araştırma verilerinin toplanması için katılımcılara Google Forms aracılığıyla oluşturulan çevrimiçi anket uygulandı. Anket; katılımcılara ait demografik veriler, Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi (IPAQ), SF-36 Yaşam Kalitesi Değerlendirme Anketi, Beck Anksiyete Envanteri ve Minnesota İş Doyum Ölçeği’ni içermektedir.
Bulgular: Araştırma yaş ortalaması 40.34±9.50 olan toplam 158 (70 kadın, 53 erkek) katılımcıyla tamamlandı. Katılımcıların yaşam kalitesi alt boyutu olan “fiziksel fonksiyon” ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyine göre yapılan ikili karşılaştırmalarında; inaktif grubun, minimal aktif (p=0,006) ve aktif gruba (p=0,001) göre fiziksel fonksiyonla ilgili yaşam kalitesinin daha düşük, minimal aktif ve aktif grup arasında ise herhangi bir farklılık olmadığı saptandı (p=0,779). Ayrıca katılımcıların fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ile anksiyete skorları (p=0,540) ve Minnesota iş doyum ölçeği açısından herhangi bir farklılık saptanmadı.
Sonuç: Fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin yaşam kalitesinin sadece “fiziksel fonksiyon” alt boyutu üzerinde etkisi olduğu, fiziksel ve emosyonel rol güçlüğü, enerji/canlılık/vitalite, ruhsal sağlık, sosyal işlevsellik, ağrı ve genel sağlık algısı üzerine herhangi bir etkisinin olmadığı saptanmıştır. Fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin anksiyete ve iş doyumu üzerine herhangi bir etkisi bulunamamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ansiyete, Fiziksel aktivite, İş doyumu, Yaşam kalitesi

A Comparıson Of Qualıty Of Lıfe, Anxıety And Job Satısfactıon Of Desk Employees Accordıng To The Level Of Physıcal Actıvıty

Öz

Purpose: Physical activity is defined as movement performed by skeletal muscles that requires energy consumption. It is a factor for quality of life and health in individuals and it can be modified. This research aimed to determine the effect of physical activity levels of people with desk jobs on their quality of life, anxiety and job satisfaction
Methods: People with desk jobs and ages between 18-65 are included with easy sampling method in this research. To collect the research data, online survey created with Google Forms was applied to participants. The survey includes demographic data of participants, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the SF-36 Quality of Life Assessment Questionnaire, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Minnesota Job Satisfaction Scale.
Results: The study was completed with a total of 158 (70 female, 53 male) participants with a mean age of 40.34±9.50 years. In the pairwise comparisons of the participants' quality of life sub-dimension "physical function" and physical activity level; It was determined that the quality of life related to physical function was lower in the inactive group compared to the minimally active (p=0.006) and active groups (p=0.001), and there was no difference between the minimally active and active groups (p=0.779). In addition, no difference was found in terms of physical activity level of the participants, anxiety scores (p=0.540) and Minnesota job satisfaction scale.
Conclusions: It was determined that the level of physical activity had an effect only on the "physical function" sub-dimension of the quality of life and did not have any effect on physical and emotional role difficulty, energy/liveliness/vitality, mental health, social functionality, pain and general health perception. There was no effect of physical activity levels on anxiety and job satisfaction.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anxiety, Physical activty, Job satisfaction, Quality of life

Kaynakça

• Akıncı, B., Zenginler, Y., Kaya, B.K., Kurt, A., Yeldan, İ. (2018) Beyaz yakalı çalışanlarda işe bağlı boyun, sırt ve omuz bölgelerine ait kas iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıklarının ve işe devamsızlığa etki eden faktörlerin incelenmesi. Sakarya Tıp Dergisi, 8(4):712-719
• Bailey, C., Madden, A., Alfes, K., Fletcher, L., Robinson, D., Holmes, J., . . . Currie, G. (2015). Evaluating the evidence on employee engagement and its potential benefits to NHS staff: a narrative synthesis of the literature. Health Services and Delivery Research, 3(26), 1-424.
• Baycan, A. (1985). An analysis of the several aspects of job satisfaction between different occupational groups. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi SBE Doktora Tezi, İstanbul, 72, 73.
• Ben-Ner, A., Hamann, D.J., Koepp, G., Manohar, C.U., Levine, J. (2014) Treadmill Workstations: The Effects of Walking while Working on Physical Activity and Work Performance. PLoS ONE 9(2): e88620. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088620
• Bulguroğlu, H.İ., Bulguroğlu, M., Ahmet Özaslan, A. (2021). Covid-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Fiziksel Aktivite, Yaşam Kalitesi ve Depresyon Seviyelerinin İncelenmesi Acıbadem Univ. Sağlık Bilim. Derg. 12(2): 306-311 https://doi.org/10.31067/acusaglik.852175
• Chevan, J., Haskvitz, E.M. (2010). Do as I do: exercise habits of physical therapists, physical therapist assistants, and student physical therapists. Physical therapy, 90(5), 726-734.
• Craig, C.L., Marshall, A.L., Sjöström, M., Bauman, A.E., Booth, M. L., Ainsworth, B.E., . . . Sallis, J.F. (2003). International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 35(8), 1381-1395.
• Çoban, M.U., Kocatürk, R.R., Özcan, Ö.Ö., Mesut Karahan, M. (2022) Masa Başı İşlerde Çalışanların Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyleri, Beslenme Ve Antropometrik Ölçümlerinin Değerlendirilmesi Igusabder, 17: 588-602
• Dębska, G., Mazurek, H. (2015). Factors related to changes in the quality of life among Polish adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis over a 1-year period. Patient preference and adherence, 1763-1770.
• Demiral, Y., Ergor, G., Unal, B., Semin, S., Akvardar, Y., Kıvırcık, B., Alptekin, K. (2006). Normative data and discriminative properties of short form 36 (SF-36) in Turkish urban population. BMC public health, 6, 1-8.
• Dere, G., Günay, M. (2021) İş Performansını ve İş Tatminini Artırmada Bir Çözüm Önerisi: Fiziksel Aktivite Internatıonal Journal Of Economıcs And Admınıstratıve Scıences 7 (1):28-50
• Ekelund, U., Tarp, J., Fagerland, M.W., Johannessen, J.S., Hansen, B.H., Jefferis, B.J., Whincup, P.H., Diaz, K.M., Hooker, S., Howard, V.J. (2020) Joint associations of accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time with all-cause mortality: a harmonised meta-analysis in more than 44 000 middle-aged and older individuals. Br J Sports Med 54: 1499-1506.
• Eren, Y., S., Şahin N., Miral, T., M., Işık, C., Çakmak, S., F., Güler, A., Özer, K., Çelik, Ş., Buran, G. (2023) Masa Başı Çalışanlarında Cinsiyete Özgü Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi ve Yaşam Kalitesi. Akademik Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 11(144): 257-267
• George, D., Mallery, P. (2021). IBM SPSS statistics 27 step by step: A simple guide and reference. Routledge.
• Helgadóttir, B., Forsell, Y., Ekblom, Ö. (2015). Physical activity patterns of people affected by depressive and anxiety disorders as measured by accelerometers: a cross-sectional study. PloS one, 10(1), e0115894.
• IPAQ Research Committee (2005). Guidelines for data processing and analysis of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)-short and long forms. http://www. ipaq. ki. se/scoring. pdf.
• Jayakody, K., Gunadasa, S., Hosker, C. (2014). Exercise for anxiety disorders: systematic review. British journal of sports medicine, 48(3), 187-196.
• Karaca, A., Turnagöl, H.H. (2007). Çalışan Bireylerde Üç Farklı Fiziksel Aktivite Anketinin Güvenirliği ve Geçerliği. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(2), 68-84.
• Kolt, G. S., George, E. S., Rebar, A. L., Duncan, M. J., Vandelanotte, C., Caperchione, C. M., Van Itallie, A. (2017). Associations between quality of life and duration and frequency of physical activity and sedentary behaviour: Baseline findings from the WALK 2.0 randomised controlled trial. PloS one, 12(6), e0180072.
• Krzepota, J., Biernat, E., Florkiewicz, B. (2015). The relationship between levels of physical activity and quality of life among students of the university of the third age. Central European journal of public health, 23(4), 335.
• Loprinzi, P.D., Davis, R.E. (2016). Bouted and non-bouted moderate-to-vigorous physical activity with health-related quality of life. Preventive medicine reports, 3, 46-48.
• Mattioli, A.V., Puviani M.B. (2020). Lifestyle at Time of COVID-19: How Could Quarantine Affect Cardiovascular Risk. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 14(3):240- 242.
• Mendoza, G., Ecker, K. R. (2018). Quality of LifeImproved by Adequate Physical ActivityLevels Among University Employees: 3200 Board# 69 June 2 8: 00 AM-9: 30 AM. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 50(5S), 788.
• Oldham, G. R., Cummings, A. (1996). Employee creativity: Personal and contextual factors at work. Academy of management journal, 39(3), 607-634.
• Ölçücü, B., Vatansever, Ş., Özcan, G., Çelik, A. (2015). Orta yaşlilarda fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ve yaşam kalitesi ilişkisi. Uluslararası Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi(2), 63-73.
• Özüdoğru, E. (2013). Üniversite personelinin fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ile yaşam kalitesi arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Burdur, 71.
• Puciato, D., Borysiuk, Z., Rozpara, M. (2017). Quality of life and physical activity in an older working-age population. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 1627-1634.
• Puciato, D., Rozpara, M., Borysiuk, Z. (2018). Physical activity as a determinant of quality of life in working-age people in Wrocław, Poland. International journal of environmental research and public health, 15(4), 623.
• Ramirez-Campillo, R., Diaz, D., Martinez-Salazar, C., Valdés-Badilla, P., Delgado-Floody, P., Méndez-Rebolledo, G., Cañas-Jamet R., Cristi-Montero C., García-Hermoso A., Celis-Morales C., Moran J., Buford T.W., Rodriguez-
• Mañas L., Alonso-Martinez A.M., Izquierdo M. (2016). Effects of different doses of high-speed resistance training on physical performance and quality of life in older women: a randomized controlled trial. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 1797-1804.
• Rongen, A., Robroek, S. J., Burdorf, A. (2014). The importance of internal health beliefs for employees' participation in health promotion programs. Preventive medicine, 67, 330-334.
• Rosenbaum, S., Tiedemann, A., Sherrington, C., Curtis, J., Ward, P. B. (2014). Physical activity interventions for people with mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 75(9), 964- 974.
• Sağlam, M., Arikan, H., Savci, S., İnce-İnal, D., Bosnak-Güçlü, M., Karabulut, E., Tokgözoğlu, L. (2010) International Physical Activity Questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Percept Mot Skills. 111:278-284.
• Saridi, M., Filippopoulou, T., Tzitzikos, G., Sarafis, P., Souliotis, K., Karakatsani, D. (2019). Correlating physical activity and quality of life of healthcare workers. BMC research notes, 12(1), 1-6.
• Schmidt, S. C., Tittlbach, S., Bös, K., Woll, A. (2017). Different types of physical activity and fitness and health in adults: an 18-year longitudinal study. BioMed research international, 2017:1785217.
• Schuch, F. B., Bulzing, R. A., Meyer, J., Vancampfort, D., Firth, J., Stubbs, B., . . . Smith, L. (2020). Associations of moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary behavior with depressive and anxiety symptoms in self-isolating people during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey in Brazil. Psychiatry Res, 292, 113339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113339
• Stamatakis E, Gale J, Bauman A, Ekelund U, Hamer M, Ding D (2019) Sitting Time, Physical Activity, and Risk of Mortality in Adults. J Am Coll Cardiol 73: 2062-2072.
• Teychenne, M., White, R. L., Richards, J., Schuch, F. B., Rosenbaum, S., Bennie, J. A. (2020). Do we need physical activity guidelines for mental health: What does the evidence tell us? Mental health and physical activity, 18, 100315.
• Tison, G.,H., Avram, R., Kuhar, P., Abreau, S., Marcus, G., M., Pletcher, M., J., Olgin, J., E. (2020). Worldwide Effect of COVID-19 on Physical Activity: A Descriptive Study. Annals of Internal Medicine, In press. 29 haziran 2020.
• Toker, S., Biron, M. (2012). İş tükenmişliği ve depresyon: geçici ilişkilerinin çözülmesi ve fiziksel aktivitenin rolünün dikkate alınması. J Appl Psikol, 97(3), 699-710.
• Ulusoy, M., Sahin, N. H., Erkmen, H. (1998). Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: psychometric properties. Journal of cognitive psychotherapy, 12(2), 163.
• Ware, J. E. (1992). The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). Med Care, 30(6), 473-483.
• World Health Organization. Physical activity fact sheets. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity.Yayınlandığı tarihi Ekim 2022.
• Yilmaz, A. (2018). Burnout, job satisfaction, and anxiety-depression among family physicians: A cross-sectional study. Journal of family medicine and primary care, 7(5), 952.
• Yin, S., Njai, R., Barker, L., Siegel, P.Z., Liao, Y. (2016) Summarizing health-related quality of life (HRQOL): development and testing of a one-factor model. Popul Health Metr 14: 22.