TR
EN
Building Visibility: The Or Hadash Synagogue as Evidence of Social Stratification and Gendered Issues in 19th Century Ottoman Realm
Öz
This article analyzes the Or Hadash Synagogue as architectural evidence, revealing how gendered exclusion and social stratification within the nineteenth-century Ottoman Jewish community became visible through the empire’s modernization acts. This marginalization was significantly shaped by internal communal dynamics rather than just imperial conditions. The study focuses on marginalized Jewish women—particularly Ashkenazi widows, those with agunah status, and trafficked individuals—who were excluded from communal structures and often pushed into prostitution for survival. Ottoman archives reveal a discrepancy between the building’s original drawings and its current state. The study proposes that social and moral boundaries established by the Jewish community shaped its construction; specifically, designers departed from a traditional Orthodox layout by removing the balcony level, merging the facade’s floor levels. By manifesting these internal dynamics, the synagogue’s form serves as a narrative of Ottoman modernization, bringing obscured religious dynamics to light through the urban fabric. Thus, Or Hadash becomes a sacred space for marginalized individuals and a material testimony to gendered and social divisions. It makes the intersection of communal exclusion, urban visibility, and modernization processes legible, showing how internally produced inequalities materialize across spatial memory. Ultimately, Or Hadash reflects how a specific group constructed its visibility, becoming a testament to what cultural heritage studies have long considered ‘undeserving of value’.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Acar, İ. (2002). Osmanlılarda Zina Suçu ve Cezası. Türkler, C.10, Ankara: Yeni Türkiye Yayınları, s.83-88.
- Archives of AIU (Alliance Israélite Universelle) (1890). “A letter of Aron Halévy to the Alliance School in France”. March 12.
- Arslantaş, N. (2001). Ortaçağ’da İki Yahudi Seyyahın Avrupa, Asya ve Afrika Gözlemleri Tudela’lı Benjamin&Rabinson’lu Petachia. Istanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları.
- Aydın, Hazan. (2024), Aguna: Evliliğine Zincirlenmiş Kadın. Dinler Tarihi 1/1, s. 26-51. https://izlik.org/JA48UT69CB
- Ayışığı, M. (2022). II. Meşrutiyet Döneminde İstanbul’da Fuhuş ve Zührevi Hastalıklarla Mücadele. Osmanlı Tarihi ve Medeniyeti, 3.Cilt, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları, s. 1075-1096.
- Bali, R. N. (n.d) Yirminci Yüzyılın Başlarında İstanbul’un Fuhuş Âleminde Yahudilerin Yeri, 1-37, www.rifatbali.com/images/stories/dokumanlar/mahrem3.pdf. Last Visit: 03.04.2025.
- Bali, R. N. (2008). The Jews and prostitution in Constantinople, 1854-1922 Istanbul: Isis Press.
- Baturayoğlu Y. D. N., & Ersen, P. D. A. (2009). 19. Yüzyılın Sonu ve 20. Yüzyılın Başında İstanbul’da Yapı Dış Cephelerinde Kullanılan Yapay Taşların Mimari Değerlendirmesi. 1. Restorasyon ve Konservasyon Çalışmaları Dergisi, 1(2), s. 21-31. https://izlik.org/JA42NX62BC
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Mimarlık Tarihi, Sanat Tarihi, Teori ve Eleştiri (Diğer)
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar
Yayımlanma Tarihi
21 Temmuz 2026
Gönderilme Tarihi
8 Aralık 2025
Kabul Tarihi
7 Mayıs 2026
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2026 Cilt: 35 Sayı: 1
APA
Özkan Altınöz, M. (2026). Building Visibility: The Or Hadash Synagogue as Evidence of Social Stratification and Gendered Issues in 19th Century Ottoman Realm. Sanat Tarihi Dergisi, 35(1), 241-265. https://doi.org/10.29135/std.1838438
AMA
1.Özkan Altınöz M. Building Visibility: The Or Hadash Synagogue as Evidence of Social Stratification and Gendered Issues in 19th Century Ottoman Realm. STD. 2026;35(1):241-265. doi:10.29135/std.1838438
Chicago
Özkan Altınöz, Meltem. 2026. “Building Visibility: The Or Hadash Synagogue as Evidence of Social Stratification and Gendered Issues in 19th Century Ottoman Realm”. Sanat Tarihi Dergisi 35 (1): 241-65. https://doi.org/10.29135/std.1838438.
EndNote
Özkan Altınöz M (01 Temmuz 2026) Building Visibility: The Or Hadash Synagogue as Evidence of Social Stratification and Gendered Issues in 19th Century Ottoman Realm. Sanat Tarihi Dergisi 35 1 241–265.
IEEE
[1]M. Özkan Altınöz, “Building Visibility: The Or Hadash Synagogue as Evidence of Social Stratification and Gendered Issues in 19th Century Ottoman Realm”, STD, c. 35, sy 1, ss. 241–265, Tem. 2026, doi: 10.29135/std.1838438.
ISNAD
Özkan Altınöz, Meltem. “Building Visibility: The Or Hadash Synagogue as Evidence of Social Stratification and Gendered Issues in 19th Century Ottoman Realm”. Sanat Tarihi Dergisi 35/1 (01 Temmuz 2026): 241-265. https://doi.org/10.29135/std.1838438.
JAMA
1.Özkan Altınöz M. Building Visibility: The Or Hadash Synagogue as Evidence of Social Stratification and Gendered Issues in 19th Century Ottoman Realm. STD. 2026;35:241–265.
MLA
Özkan Altınöz, Meltem. “Building Visibility: The Or Hadash Synagogue as Evidence of Social Stratification and Gendered Issues in 19th Century Ottoman Realm”. Sanat Tarihi Dergisi, c. 35, sy 1, Temmuz 2026, ss. 241-65, doi:10.29135/std.1838438.
Vancouver
1.Meltem Özkan Altınöz. Building Visibility: The Or Hadash Synagogue as Evidence of Social Stratification and Gendered Issues in 19th Century Ottoman Realm. STD. 01 Temmuz 2026;35(1):241-65. doi:10.29135/std.1838438