Araştırma Makalesi
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Bertel Thorvaldsen’in Luzern Aslan Heykeli ve William Blake’in Özgürlük Şarkısı Şiiri

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 350 - 375, 10.01.2025
https://doi.org/10.56590/stdarticle.1474188

Öz

Amaç: İsviçre’nin bir kantonu olan Luzern şehri, Fransız İhtilali sırasında monarşiyi savunmak üzere hayatlarını kaybeden İsviçreli muhafızları temsil eden meşhur Aslan Heykeli’ni (Luzern Aslanı) barındırmaktadır. Diğer yandan, İhtilalin meydana geldiği dönemde yaşayan ve Fransız ihtilali üzerine şiirler yazan William Blake, “Özgürlük Şarkısı” şiirinde dile getirdiği slogan niteliğindeki “İmparatorluk yok artık! Şimdi aslanla kurt çekip gidecek” mısrasını almıştır. Luzern Aslanı ve William Blake’in mısrasındaki Aslan metaforu arasındaki sezgisel bağı ortaya çıkartmak bu makalenin hazırlanmasındaki temel fikirdir.

Yöntem: Makalenin literatür çalışması sanat tarihi, tarih ve edebiyat alanlarında yapılmıştır. Konu ile ilgili tarihi bilgiler ve görseller Luzern’deki yerel araştırmacılar, İsviçre, Fransa, İtalya ve Norveç’te bulunan çeşitli kurumlar ile müzelerin resmi web sayfalarından elde edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Makaledeki görsel ve yazılı kaynakların doğrultusunda aslan temasının heykel ve şiirdeki metaforik anlatımı ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Bu bulgular çerçevesinde iki eserin metinler arası ilişkisi değerlendirilmiştir.

Sonuç: Heykelin meydana gelmesindeki tarihi adımlar sanat tarihi bakımından bir eserin kollektif oluşum saflarını anlatmaktadır. Fransız İhtilalinin olduğu dönemde monarşiye karşı William Blake’in yazdığı “Özgülürk Şarkısı” şiiri Luzern Aslanı’nın metaforik içeriğiyle örtüşmektedir. Bu tespitler doğrultusunda her iki eser tarih, görsel ve metin bağlamında ele alınmış, böylelikle aralarındaki sezgisel bağ ortaya konmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • BLAKE, W. (1994). The marriage of heaven and hell. New York: Dover Publications.
  • BURDETT, O. (1926). William Blake. London.
  • CASPARIS, J. (1982). The swiss mercenary system: labor emigration from the semiperiphery. Review (Fernand Braudel Center), Vol. 5T, No. 4, 593-642.
  • D'ALTISHOFEN, C. P. (1821). A narrative of conduct of the swiss regiment of guards in the service of his late majesty lewis the sixteenth kings of france and navarre on the memorible day of tenth of august, 1792. London.
  • DANDLIKER, K. (1899). A short history of switzerland. London.
  • DAVIS, M. (1977). William blake a new kind of man. Los Angelos.
  • ERDMAN, D. V. (1969). Blake: prophet againts empire. Princeton-New Jersey.
  • Historiques des régiments de l'armée Française 9me régim de Dragons. (1846). Paris.
  • HORAT, H. (2015). Die bilder kapellbrücke in Luzern, band I-II. Einback.
  • Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS) (11 Mayıs 2010). Karl pfyffer von altishofen. Accessed 29.04.2024, https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/005166/2010-05-11/
  • Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS). (28.10.2024). LudwigPfyffer von Altishofen. Accessed 29.04.2024, https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/014468/2010-09-28/
  • İNALCIK, H. (2019). Rönesans avrupası türkiye'nin batı medeniyetiyle özdeşleşme süreci. İstanbul.
  • KOFOED, K. (2013). Dying lion (The Lucerne Lion) - A National-Political Monument with Built-in Controversy. Accessed 29.04.2024, https://arkivet.thorvaldsensmuseum.dk/articles/dying-lion-the-lucerne-lion
  • Kuntshalle Luzern. Löwen denkmal-lion monument. Accessed 29.04.2024, https://www.loewendenkmal21.ch/en/kont/carl-pfyffer-bertel-thorvaldsen-mark-twain/
  • LAFFAN, R. G. (1975). The Empire Under The Maximilian I., The new cambridge modern history. V. I, 194-223.
  • MARSHAL, P. (1997). Bir anaşist olarak william blake. İstanbul.
  • McCALL, D. F. (1973/1974). The prevalence of lions: kings, deities and feline symbolism in Africa and elsewhere. Paideuma: Mitteilungen zur Kulturkunde, 130-145.
  • OECHSLI, W. (1922). History of Switzerland 1499-1914. London.
  • Outlook Magazine (2013). The Swiss Guard. 14-21.
  • ÖNEY, G. (1971). Lion figures in Anatolian Seljuk architecture. Anadolu (Anatolia), 1-64.
  • PLON, E. (1874). Thorvaldsen: his life and works. London.
  • ROBERTS, J. (2015). Avrupa tarihi. İstanbul.
  • SCHELBERT, L. (2007). Historical dictionary of Switzerland.
  • SCHELLER, R. W. (1983). French royal symbolism in the age of Louis XII. Simiolus: Netherlands Quarterly for the History of Art, 75-141.
  • SIMOND, L. (1823). Switzerland or a journal of a tour and residance in that country. Londra.
  • SYMONS, A. (1907). William Blake. New York.

The Lucerne Lion Monument of Bertel Thorvaldsen and ‘A Song of Liberty’ Poem of William Blake

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 350 - 375, 10.01.2025
https://doi.org/10.56590/stdarticle.1474188

Öz

The Purpose of the Study: Lucerne City, a canton of Switzerland, shelters the famous Lion Monument (the Lucerne Lion) which represents Swiss Guards’ who lost their lives while defending the Monarchy during The French Revolution. On the other hand, William Blake, who lived during the French Revolution period and wrote poems on the revolution, wrote the lines ‘Empire is no more! And now the lion and wolf shall cease’ in his poem ‘A Song of Liberty’. The main idea of this article is to expose the intuitive connection between the Lucerne Lion and the lion metaphor in William Blake’s verse.

Method: The reference works of this article have consisted of art history, history, and literature. Historical information and visual materials, which are related to the topic of the article, were obtained from local researchers of Lucerne and official web pages of various facilities and museums in Switzerland, France, Italy, and Norway.

Results: It is deduced that the Metaphorical expression of the lion theme in both the sculpture and the poem in the article by illuminating visual and written sources. Within this direction of these facts, an intertextuality is evaluated between the Lion Monument and the A Song of Liberty poem.

Conclusion: The historical steps during the consisting of this sculpture express the collective formation stages of a monument from the perspective of art history. Individuals and mass facts have carried today the Lucerne Lion, an artifact of this collective memory. The Song of Liberty poem written by Willam Blake against the monarchy in the French Revolution matches the metaphoric content of Lucerne Lion. In the direction of these detections, these two works were reviewed in the historical, visual, and text contexts, thus the intuitional connection was exposed between them.

Kaynakça

  • BLAKE, W. (1994). The marriage of heaven and hell. New York: Dover Publications.
  • BURDETT, O. (1926). William Blake. London.
  • CASPARIS, J. (1982). The swiss mercenary system: labor emigration from the semiperiphery. Review (Fernand Braudel Center), Vol. 5T, No. 4, 593-642.
  • D'ALTISHOFEN, C. P. (1821). A narrative of conduct of the swiss regiment of guards in the service of his late majesty lewis the sixteenth kings of france and navarre on the memorible day of tenth of august, 1792. London.
  • DANDLIKER, K. (1899). A short history of switzerland. London.
  • DAVIS, M. (1977). William blake a new kind of man. Los Angelos.
  • ERDMAN, D. V. (1969). Blake: prophet againts empire. Princeton-New Jersey.
  • Historiques des régiments de l'armée Française 9me régim de Dragons. (1846). Paris.
  • HORAT, H. (2015). Die bilder kapellbrücke in Luzern, band I-II. Einback.
  • Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS) (11 Mayıs 2010). Karl pfyffer von altishofen. Accessed 29.04.2024, https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/005166/2010-05-11/
  • Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS). (28.10.2024). LudwigPfyffer von Altishofen. Accessed 29.04.2024, https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/014468/2010-09-28/
  • İNALCIK, H. (2019). Rönesans avrupası türkiye'nin batı medeniyetiyle özdeşleşme süreci. İstanbul.
  • KOFOED, K. (2013). Dying lion (The Lucerne Lion) - A National-Political Monument with Built-in Controversy. Accessed 29.04.2024, https://arkivet.thorvaldsensmuseum.dk/articles/dying-lion-the-lucerne-lion
  • Kuntshalle Luzern. Löwen denkmal-lion monument. Accessed 29.04.2024, https://www.loewendenkmal21.ch/en/kont/carl-pfyffer-bertel-thorvaldsen-mark-twain/
  • LAFFAN, R. G. (1975). The Empire Under The Maximilian I., The new cambridge modern history. V. I, 194-223.
  • MARSHAL, P. (1997). Bir anaşist olarak william blake. İstanbul.
  • McCALL, D. F. (1973/1974). The prevalence of lions: kings, deities and feline symbolism in Africa and elsewhere. Paideuma: Mitteilungen zur Kulturkunde, 130-145.
  • OECHSLI, W. (1922). History of Switzerland 1499-1914. London.
  • Outlook Magazine (2013). The Swiss Guard. 14-21.
  • ÖNEY, G. (1971). Lion figures in Anatolian Seljuk architecture. Anadolu (Anatolia), 1-64.
  • PLON, E. (1874). Thorvaldsen: his life and works. London.
  • ROBERTS, J. (2015). Avrupa tarihi. İstanbul.
  • SCHELBERT, L. (2007). Historical dictionary of Switzerland.
  • SCHELLER, R. W. (1983). French royal symbolism in the age of Louis XII. Simiolus: Netherlands Quarterly for the History of Art, 75-141.
  • SIMOND, L. (1823). Switzerland or a journal of a tour and residance in that country. Londra.
  • SYMONS, A. (1907). William Blake. New York.
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Görsel Kültür, Kültürel ve Doğal Miras, Sanat Tarihi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Çağlayan Hergül 0000-0002-9041-0438

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 10 Ocak 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 10 Ocak 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 26 Nisan 2024
Kabul Tarihi 4 Ocak 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Hergül, Ç. (2025). The Lucerne Lion Monument of Bertel Thorvaldsen and ‘A Song of Liberty’ Poem of William Blake. ART/Icle: Sanat Ve Tasarım Dergisi, 4(3), 350-375. https://doi.org/10.56590/stdarticle.1474188

ART/icle: Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi

ISSN: 2718-1057
e-ISSN: 2791-7665