Olağanüstü Durumlarda Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Anne ve Çocuk Sağlığı Açısından Hazırbulunuşluk Durumları: Nitel Çalışma

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 35 Sayı: 1 , 31 - 39 , 20.04.2026

Zeynep Arabacı , Gülşen Ulaş Karaahmetoğlu

https://doi.org/10.17942/sted.1642777

https://izlik.org/JA97MX37CA

Öz

Amaç: Afetler beklenmedik bir şekilde meydana gelir ve çeşitli sorunlara yol açar. Hemşireler, afet yönetiminde önemli rol oynayan mesleklerden biridir. Bu çalışma, odak grup tartışmaları yoluyla son sınıf lisans hemşirelik öğrencilerinin acil durumlarda anne ve çocuk sağlığına yaklaşımlarını araştırmak ve hazırlıklarını değerlendirmek için tasarlanmıştır.
Yöntemler: Mevcut çalışma, nitel bir araştırma yöntemi olan fenomenolojik bir yaklaşım tasarımına sahiptir. Çalışmamızda Nitel Araştırma Raporlama için Birleştirilmiş Kriterler bir kontrol listesi olarak kullanılmıştır. Odak grup tartışmaları, acil durumlar için özel olarak oluşturulmuş 5 grupta 4-5 öğrenciyle yürütülmüş ve 21 son sınıf hemşirelik öğrencisinden veri toplanmıştır. Planlanan nitel çalışma için veriler odak grup tartışmaları yoluyla toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Öğrenciler, hijyen, beslenme, bulaşıcı hastalıklar, depresyon, kanama, enfeksiyon, erken doğum, akciğer kapasitesi, eklampsi, preeklampsi ve hipotermi gibi afetlerdeki riskleri belirlemiştir. Koruyucu faktörler olarak emzirme, atık yönetimi, aşılama, hijyen ve çevre sağlığını vurgulamışlardır. Afetlere hazırlık için müdahaleleri ve protokolleri tanımlamaları istendiğinde, "uygulamalı eğitim" temasından bahsetmişlerdir.
Sonuç: Öğrenciler, acil durumlarda anneler ve çocuklar için ne yapılması gerektiği konusunda bilgi ve farkındalık kazandılar. Bu konuda uygulamalı eğitimin önemini vurguladılar.

Anahtar Kelimeler

anne sağlığı , çocuk sağlığı , hemşirelik

Preparedness of Nursing Students for Maternal and Child Health in Emergency Situations: A Qualitative Study

https://izlik.org/JA97MX37CA

Öz

Objective: Disasters occur unexpectedly and lead to various problems. Nurses are among the professions playing an important role in disaster management. This study was designed to investigate final-year undergraduate nursing students’ approaches to maternal and child health in emergency situations through focus group discussions and to assess their preparedness.
Methods: The present study has a phenomenological approach design, which is a qualitative research method. Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research was used as a checklist in our study. Focus group discussions were conducted with 4-5 students in 5 groups specifically formed for emergency situations, and data were collected from 21 senior nursing students. Data for the planned qualitative study were collected through focus group discussions.
Results: Students identified risks in disasters such as hygiene, nutrition, infectious diseases, depression, bleeding, infection, premature birth, lung capacity, eclampsia, preeclampsia, and hypothermia. They emphasized breastfeeding, waste management, vaccinations, hygiene, and environmental health as protective factors. When asked to define interventions and protocols for disaster preparedness, they mentioned the theme of “hands-on training.”
Conclusions: Students gained knowledge and awareness regarding what needs to be done for mothers and children in emergency situations. They emphasized the importance of hands-on training in this regard.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Maternal health , Child health , Qualitative research , nursing

Kaynakça

• Sato M, Atogami F, Nakamura Y, Kusaka Y, & Yoshizawa T. Remote community-based public health nursing during a disaster: An ethnographic case study in Japan. Australasian Emergency Nursing Journal AENJ. 2014;17(3):106–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aenj.2014.04.001
• Zotti M E, Williams AM, Robertson M, Horney J, & Hsia J. Post-disaster reproductive health outcomes. Maternal and Child Health Journal. 2013;17(5):783–96. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-012-1068-x
• Zotti ME, Williams AM, & Wako E. Post-disaster health indicators for pregnant and postpartum women and infants. Maternal and Child Health Journal. 2015;19(6):1179–88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-014-1643-4
• Öztekin SD, Larson EE, Yüksel S, & Altun Uğraş G. Undergraduate nursing students’ perceptions about disaster preparedness and response in Istanbul, Türkiye, and Miyazaki, Japan: A cross-sectional study. Japan Journal of Nursing Science: JJNS. 2015;12(2):145–53. https://doi.org/10.1111/jjns.12058
• Zenu S, Shuremu M, & Tolesa A. Fear of COVID-19 and poor accessibility of comprehensive care has caused delay in initiation of antenatal care among pregnant women in Southwest Ethiopia: The need for disaster resilient and accessible maternal health care. Journal of Public Health Research. 2023;12(1):22799036221146912. https://doi.org/10.1177/22799036221146912
• Dhital R, Silwal RC, Simkhada P, Teijlingen EV, & Jimba M. Assessing knowledge and behavioural changes on maternal and newborn health among mothers following post-earthquake health promotion in Nepal. PloS One. 2019;14(7):e0220191. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220191
• Turkish Maternal Fetal Medicine and Perinatology Association. Afetlerde gebelik ve lohusalık. Available at: https://www.tmftp.org/files/uzmangorusleri/afetlerde_gebelik_lohusalik_bilgilendirme.pdf Date of access: 18 June 2023
• Ergin F, Başar P, Karahasanoğlu B, Beşer E. Evaluation of unsafe births and postpartum home care services. TSK Koruyucu Hekimlik Bülteni. 2005;4(6),:321-9
• Muto Y, Iwasaka H, Goma H, Goma A. Study on the burden of the mothers who bring up their twins. Bulletin of the Integrated Center for Educational Research and Development. 2010;37(19):219–22.
• United Nations Population Fund. “Depremden kurtulanlar arasında acilen üreme sağlığı hizmetlerine ihtiyaç duyan 226 bin hamile kadın var”. Available at: https://turkiye.unfpa.org/tr/depremden-kurtulanlar-arasinda-226-bin-hamile-kadin-var-bb Date of access: 19 June 2023.
• Durmuş Sarıkahya S, & Yorulmaz DS. An evaluation of the disaster response self-efficacy of nursing students: A descriptive and cross-sectional study. Ordu University J Nurs Stud. 2024;7(1):206-15. https://doi.org/10.38108/ouhcd.1258106
• Jiang M, Sun M, Zhang X, Luan XR, & Li RJ. disaster nursing competency of intensive care nurses in Jinan, China: A multicenter cross-sectional study. The Journal of Nursing Research: JNR. 2022;30(3):e207. https://doi.org/10.1097/jnr.0000000000000492
• Yıldırım A, Şimşek H. Qualitative Research Methods in Social Sciences (6th Edition). Ankara: Seçkin Publishing. 2008.
• Erdoğan S. “Qualitative Research”. Research in Nursing. Editors: Erdoğan S, Nahcivan N, Esin N. Istanbul: Nobel Medical Bookstores. 2014.
• Li S, Chen S, & Chan S. Volunteer nurses’ learning experiences in Ludian County, Yunnan, China: Implication for public health nursing education in a disaster. Public Health Nursing (Boston, Mass.). 2021;38(3):419–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.12844
• Lafarga Previdi I, Welton M, Díaz Rivera J, Watkins DJ, Díaz Z, Torres HRand et al. The impact of natural disasters on maternal health: Hurricanes Irma and María in Puerto Rico. Children (Basel, Switzerland). 2022;9(7):940. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9070940
• Kyozuka H, Murata T, Yasuda S, Ishii K, Fujimori K, and et al. The effects of the Great East Japan Earthquake on perinatal outcomes: Results of the pregnancy and birth survey in the Fukushima Health Management Survey. Journal of Epidemiology. 2022;32(Suppl_XII):S57–63. https://doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20210444
• Kalanlar B. Effects of disaster nursing education on nursing students’ knowledge and preparedness for disasters. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 2018;28:475-80
• Manav G, Muslu GK. Preservation of breast milk during natural disasters. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 2023;8(2):775-8
• Ekşi A. Management of the possible post-disaster environmental risks. Hastane Öncesi Dergisi. 2016;1(2):15-25
• Akça K, Özdemir AA. Baby nutrition and care in natural disasters. Yüksek İhtisas Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi.2023;4:57-62
• Labrague LJ, Hammad K, Gloe DS, McEnroe‐Petitte DM, Fronda DC, Obeidat AA, et al. Disaster preparedness among nurses: A systematic review of literature. International Nursing Review. 2018;65(1):41–53.
• Tomizawa Y, Onogi H, Sugawara N, Sugiyama T, Sugawara C, and et al. Nursing students’ learning through volunteer activities after the Great East Japan Earthquake. Bulletin of Tohoku Fukushi University. 2014;38:199-220
• Kashiwaba E, Okudera M. Effectiveness of disaster volunteer training as part of basic nursing education. Bulletin of the Faculty of Social Welfare, Iwate Prefectural University. 2014;16:1-9
• Satoh M, Iwamitsu H, Yamada E, Kuribayashi Y, Yamagami-Matsuyama T, Yamada Y. Disaster nursing knowledge and competencies among nursing university students participated in relief activities following the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquakes. SAGE Open Nursing. 2018;4:1-9
• Farra SL, Smith S, Gillespie GL, Nicely S, Ulrich D, and et al. Decontamination training: With and without virtual reality simulation. Adv. Emerg. Nurs. J. 2015;37:125-33
• Gu M, Kim R, Lee H, Sok S. Factors influencing disaster-incident-related impacts on Korean nursing students. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(24):1-10
• Al Thobaity A, Plummer V, Williams B. What are the most common domains of the core competencies of disaster nursing? A scoping review. International Emergency Nursing. 2017;31:64-71
• Loke AY, Fung OWM. Nurses’ competencies in disaster nursing: Implications for curriculum development and public health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2014;11:3289-303