Total Diz Protezi Cerrahisi Geçiren Hastalarda Kinezyofobiyi Yordayıcı Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Araştırma, total diz protezi cerrahisi uygulanan hastalarda kinezyofobi düzeyini etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amacı ile tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı olarak gerçekleştirildi. Yöntem: Çalışma, Mayıs–Aralık 2024 tarihleri arasında bir devlet hastanesinde 283 hasta ile yürütüldü. Araştırmanın verileri, Tanıtıcı Özellikler Formu, Kinezyofobi Nedenleri Ölçeği, Görsel Analog Skala ve Kinezyofobi Nedenleri Formu kullanılarak araştırmacı tarafından yüz yüze toplandı. Verilerin t-testi, ANOVA ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon yöntemleri kullanılarak IBM SPSS Version 22,0 istatistik programı aracılığıyla analiz edildi. Bulgular: Katılımcıların %26,9’u 66–70 yaş aralığında, %86,6’sı kadın ve %51,6’sı ilköğretim mezunudur. Hastaların kinezyofobi düzeylerinin orta düzeyde olduğu (2,72±0,53) saptandı. Yüksek beden kitle indeksi, düşük eğitim düzeyi, komorbidite varlığı, ameliyat öncesi fiziksel bağımlılık, şikâyet süresinin uzunluğu ve ameliyat sonrası yüksek anksiyete düzeyi kinezyofobinin anlamlı yordayıcıları olarak bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Bununla birlikte, modelde yordayıcı değişken olarak yer almamakla birlikte ileri yaş, düşme öyküsü ve ağrı düzeyinin kinezyofobi ile anlamlı ilişkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Model, kinezyofobi düzeyindeki varyansın %40,3’ünü açıklamaktadır (R²=0,403, p<0,001). Ayrıca oda aydınlatmasının yetersiz oluşu, yetersiz yürüme ekipmanları, ergonomik olmayan hasta yatağı ve yürüme alanının yetersizliğinin kinezyofobiyi etkileyen faktörler olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç: Bulgular total diz protezi cerrahisi geçiren hastalarda kinezyofobi düzeyinin bireysel, hastalık kaynaklı ve çevresel faktörlerden etkilendiğini ortaya koymuştur. Kinezyofobi, yalnızca fiziksel değil, aynı zamanda psikolojik ve çevresel bileşenleri olan çok boyutlu bir olgu olarak değerlendirilmelidir. Bu doğrultuda, kinezyofobinin etkili bir şekilde yönetilmesi; multidisipliner iş birliği, bireyselleştirilmiş rehabilitasyon yaklaşımları ve uygun çevresel düzenlemeleri içermelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• kinezyofobi
• korku
• ortopedik girişimler
• total diz artroplastisi

Destekleyen Kurum

Bu çalışma, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi tarafından TYL-2024-15875 numaralı proje kapsamında desteklenmiştir.

Etik Beyan

Çalışma için etik onay, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Bilimsel Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu’ndan alınmıştır (Onay No: E‑13562490‑050.01.04‑496052; Tarih: 22/03/2024). Ek olarak kurum izni (Onay No: E‑83084854‑604.01‑240701509; Tarih: 01/04/2024) ve “Kinezyofobi Nedenleri Ölçeği”nin kullanımı için izin alınmıştır. Ayrıca, veri toplama süreci öncesinde tüm katılımcılardan aydınlatılmış onam alınmıştır.

Teşekkür

Çalışmamıza verdikleri değerli katkılar için Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi’ne içten teşekkürlerimizi sunarız.

Identifying Predictive Factors of Kinesiophobia in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty

Öz

Objective: This study was conducted as a descriptive and correlational research to determine the factors affecting the level of kinesiophobia in patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty. Methods: The study was carried out with 283 patients in a state hospital between May and December 2024. Data were collected face-to-face by the researcher using the Descriptive Characteristics Form, Causes of Kinesiophobia Scale, Visual Analog Scale, and Causes of Kinesiophobia Form. The data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression methods with IBM SPSS Version 22.0 statistical software. Results: Among the participants, 26.9% were between the ages of 66–70, 86.6% were female, and 51.6% were primary school graduates. Patients were found to have a moderate level of kinesiophobia (2.72±0.53). High body mass index, low educational level, presence of comorbidities, preoperative physical dependency, longer duration of complaints, and higher postoperative anxiety levels were identified as significant predictors of kinesiophobia (p<0.05). Although not significant predictors in the model, older age, history of falls, and higher pain levels were also found to be significantly associated with kinesiophobia. The model explained 40.3% of the variance in kinesiophobia levels (R²=0.403, p<0.001). Additionally, inadequate room lighting, insufficient walking equipment, non-ergonomic hospital beds, and limited walking space were identified as environmental factors influencing kinesiophobia. Conclusion: The findings revealed that kinesiophobia levels in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty are influenced by individual, disease-related, and environmental factors. Kinesiophobia should be considered a multidimensional phenomenon involving not only physical but also psychological and environmental components. Accordingly, its effective management requires incorporating multidisciplinary collaboration, individualized rehabilitation approaches, and appropriate environmental modifications.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fear
• Kinesiophobia
• Orthopedic Procedures
• total knee arthroplasty

Destekleyen Kurum

This study was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Karadeniz Technical University under project number TYL-2024-15875.

Etik Beyan

Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Scientific Research Ethics Committee of Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Health Sciences (Approval No: E-13562490-050.01.04-496052; Date: 22/03/2024). Institutional permission was also granted (Approval No: E-83084854-604.01-240701509; Date: 01/04/2024), and authorization to use the “Causes of Kinesiophobia Scale” was obtained. In addition, informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection.

Teşekkür

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Karadeniz Technical University for their valuable contributions to our study.

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