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Doğum Sonrası Maternal Anksiyete ve Bağlanmayı Etkileyen Faktörler

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 1, 60 - 68, 28.02.2021
https://doi.org/10.17942/sted.887220

Öz

Amaç: Doğum sonrası maternal anksiyete kadının kendisi, bebeği ve ailesi için önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Bu çalışma, doğum sonrası maternal anksiyete ve bağlanma ilişkisini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu tanımlayıcı çalışma Ocak-Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında, aile sağlığı merkezlerine başvuran, postpartum dönemde olan kadınlarla yapılmıştır. Veriler bilgi formu, Postpartum Anksiyete Ölçeği ve Doğum Sonrası Bağlanma Ölçeği ile elde edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Kadınların %37,4’ünün anksiyetesinin yüksek olduğu (113,5 üstü puan aldığı) belirlendi. Eş/annesi ile ilişkisini kötü olan, postpartum döneme uyum güçlüğü yaşayan, primipar ve son iki haftada kendisini üzgün/mutsuz hisseden kadınların anksiyete puanının daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. (p<0,05). Bebeğini emzirmeyen, bebeği ve kendisi uyku sorunu yaşayan, annesi ve eşi ile ilişkileri kötü olarak tanımlayan, acil sezaryen olan ve primipar kadınların daha fazla bağlanma sorunu olduğu belirlendi (p<0,05). Yapılan korelasyon analizine göre doğum sonrası maternal anksiyete ile doğum sonrası bağlanma arasında ilişki olmadığı görüldü (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Doğum sonrası dönemde risk grubunda yer alan anneler anksiyete ve bağlanma belirtileri açısından daha yakından izlenmelidir.

Kaynakça

  • 1-Fallon V, Halford JCG, Bennett KM, Harrold JA. Postpartum-specific anxiety as a predictor of infant-feeding outcomes and perceptions of infant-feeding behaviours: new evidence for childbearing specific measures of mood. Arch Womens Ment Health 2018;21(2):181-91.
  • 2-Jordan V, Minikel M. Postpartum anxiety: More common than you think. J Fam Pract 2019;68(3):165-74.
  • 3-Puryear LJ. Postpartum adjustment: What is normal and what is not. In: Women’s Reproductive Mental Health Across the Lifespan. Ed. Barnes DL (editors). Springer, 2015.
  • 4-Nakano M, Upadhyaya S, Chudal R, Skokauskas N, Luntamo T, Sourander A, et al. Risk factors for impaired maternal bonding when infants are 3 months old: A longitudinal population based study from Japan. BMC Psychiatry 2019;19(1):87.
  • 5-Dennis CL, Brown HK, Wanigaratne S, Vigod SN, Grigoriadis S, Fung K, et al. Determinants of comorbid depression and anxiety postnatally: A longitudinal cohort study of Chinese-Canadian women. J Affect Disord 2018;227:24-30.
  • 6-Fallon V, Halford JCG, Bennett KM, Harrold JA. The Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale: Development and preliminary validation. Arch Womens Ment Health 2016;19(6):1079-90.
  • 7-Alhusen JL, Haya MJ, Gross D. A longitudinal study of maternal attachment and infant developmental outcomes. Archives of Women’s Mental Health 2013;16(6):521-9.
  • 8- Farré-Sender B, Torres A, Gelabert E, Andrés S, Roca A, Lasheras G, et al. Mother-infant bonding in the postpartum period: Assessment of the impact of pre-delivery factors in a clinical sample. Arch Womens Ment Health 2018;21(3):287-97.
  • 9-Field T. Postnatal anxiety prevalence, predictors and effects on development: A narrative review. Infant Behav Dev 2018;51:24-32.
  • 10- Hakanen H, Flykt M, Sinervä E, Nolvi S, Kataja EL, Pelto J, et al. How maternal pre- and postnatal symptoms of depression and anxiety affect early mother-infant interaction? J Affect Disord 2019;2(257):83-90.
  • 11- Polte C, Junge C, von Soest T, Seidler A, Eberhard-Gran M, Garthus-Niegel S. Impact of maternal perinatal anxiety on social-emotional development of 2-year-olds, a prospective study of Norwegian mothers and their offspring: the ımpact of perinatal anxiety on child development. Matern Child Health J 2019;23(3):386-96.
  • 12-Bowlby J. Attachment and loss: Retrospect and prospect. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 1982;52(4):664-78.
  • 13-Cinar N, Kose D, Altinkaynak S. The relationship between maternal attachment, perceived social support and breast-feeding sufficiency. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2015;25(4):271-5.
  • 14-Hairston IS, Handelzalts JE, Lehman-Inbar T, Kovo M. Mother-infant bonding is not associated with feeding type: A community study sample. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2019;11:19(1)-125.
  • 15- McNamara J, Townsend ML, Herbert JS. A systemic review of maternal wellbeing and its relationship with maternal fetal attachment and early postpartum bonding. Plos-One 2019;14(7):e0220032.
  • 16- Ohara M, Okada T, Aleksic B, Morikawa M, Kubota C, Nakamura Y, et al. Social support helps protect against perinatal bonding failure and depression among mothers: A prospective cohort study. Scientific Reports 2017;7(9546):1-8.
  • 17- Tietz A, Zietlow AL, Reck C. Maternal bonding in mothers with postpartum anxiety disorder: the crucial role of subclinical depressive symptoms and maternal avoidance behaviour. Arch Womens Ment Health 2014;17:433-42.
  • 18-Brunton RJ, Dryer R, Saliba A, Kohlhoff J. Pregnancy anxiety: A systematic review of current scales. Journal of Affective Disorders 2015;176:24-34.
  • 19-Bayri Bingol F, Demirgoz Bal M, Aydın Ozkan S, Zengin O, Civ B. The adaptation of the postpartum specific anxiety scale into the Turkish language: A study of validity and reliability. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology 2019;24:1-14.
  • 20-Yalçın SS, Örün E, Özdemir P, Mutlu B, Dursun A: Türk annelerde doğum sonrası bağlanma ölçeklerinin güvenilirliği. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi 2014;57:246-51.
  • 21-Misri S, Kendrick K, Oberlander TF, Norris S, Tomfohr L, Zhang H, et al. Antenatal depression and anxiety affect postpartum parenting stress: A longitudinal, prospective study. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 2010;55:222-8.
  • 22-Phillips J, Sharpe L, Matthey S. Charles M. Maternally focused worry. Arch Womens Ment Health 2009;12(6):409-18.
  • 23-Fairbrother N, Janssen P, Antony NM, Tucker E, Young AH. Perinatal anxiety disorder prevalence and incidence. J Affect Disord 2016;200:148-55.
  • 24-Suetsugu Y, Honjo S, Ikeda M, Kamibeppu K. The Japanese version of the postpartum bonding questionnaire: Examination of the reliability, validity, and scale structure. J Psychosom Res 2015;79(1):55-61.
  • 25- Serim Demirgoren B, Ozbek A, Ormen M, Kavurma C, Ozer E, Aydın A. Do mothers with high sodium levels in their breast milk have high depression and anxiety scores? J Int Med Res 2017;45(2):843-8.
  • 26- Johnson K. Maternal-infant bonding: A review of literature. Int J Childbirth Educ 2013;28(3):17-22.
  • 27-Radzyminski S, Callister LC. Health professionals’ attitudes and beliefs about breastfeeding. J Perinat Educ 2015;24(2):102-109.
  • 28-Vijayalakshmi P, Susheela T, Mythili D. Knowledge, attitudes, and breast feeding practices of postnatal mothers: a cross sectional survey. Int J Health Sci 2015;9(4):364-74.
  • 29-van Reenen SL, van Rensburg E. The influence of an unplanned caesarean section on initial mother-infant bonding: mothers’ subjective experiences. J Psychol Afr 2013;23(2):269-74.
  • 30-Bei B, Coo S, Trinder J. Sleep and mood during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Sleep Med Clin 2015;10:25-33.
  • 31-Lawson A, Murphy KE, Sloan E, Uleryk E, Dalfen A. The relationship between sleep and postpartum mental disorders: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2015;176:65-77.
  • 32-Hairston IS, Solnik-Menilo T, Deviri D, Handelzalts JE. Maternal depressed mood moderates the impact of infant sleep on mother–infant bonding. Arch Womens Ment Health 2016;19(6):1029-39.
  • 33-Tikotzky L. Postpartum maternal sleep, maternal depressive symptoms and self-perceived mother-infant emotional relationship. Behav Sleep Med 2014;14(1):5-22.
  • 34-Yarcheski A, Mahon NE, Yarcheski TJ, Hanks MM, Cannella BL. A meta-analytic study of predictors of maternal-fetal attachment. International Journal of Nursing Studies 2009;46(5):708-15.
  • 35-Edhborg M, Nasreen HE, Kabir ZN. Impact of postpartum depressive and anxiety symptoms on mothers’ emotional tie to their infants 2-3 months postpartum: A population-based study from rural Bangladesh. Arch Women’s Mental Health 2011;14(4):307-16.

Factors Affecting Postpartum Maternal Anxiety and Bonding

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 1, 60 - 68, 28.02.2021
https://doi.org/10.17942/sted.887220

Öz

Objective: Postpartum maternal anxiety is an important health problem for the new-born, family and for the woman herself. This study was carried out to explore the relationship between postpartum maternal anxiety and attachment.
Tools and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with women who applied to family healthcare centers in their postpartum period during January-December 2019. The study data were collected using the information form, the Postpartum Anxiety Scale and the Postpartum Bonding Scale.
Findings: 37.4% of women were found to have high anxiety (above 113.5 points). It was determined that women who had a bad relationship with their husband/mother, had difficulty in adapting to the postpartum period, primipara and felt sad/unhappy in the last two weeks had higher anxiety scores (p<0.05). It was determined that women who were unable to breast-feed the baby, had trouble sleeping (and also whose babies had trouble sleeping), had emergency cesarean section and primipara were more bonding problems (p>0.05). As per the relevant correlation analysis, no relationship between postpartum maternal anxiety and postpartum bonding was found (p>0.05).
Result: Postpartum mothers in risk group must be monitored closely in terms of anxiety and bonding issues.

Kaynakça

  • 1-Fallon V, Halford JCG, Bennett KM, Harrold JA. Postpartum-specific anxiety as a predictor of infant-feeding outcomes and perceptions of infant-feeding behaviours: new evidence for childbearing specific measures of mood. Arch Womens Ment Health 2018;21(2):181-91.
  • 2-Jordan V, Minikel M. Postpartum anxiety: More common than you think. J Fam Pract 2019;68(3):165-74.
  • 3-Puryear LJ. Postpartum adjustment: What is normal and what is not. In: Women’s Reproductive Mental Health Across the Lifespan. Ed. Barnes DL (editors). Springer, 2015.
  • 4-Nakano M, Upadhyaya S, Chudal R, Skokauskas N, Luntamo T, Sourander A, et al. Risk factors for impaired maternal bonding when infants are 3 months old: A longitudinal population based study from Japan. BMC Psychiatry 2019;19(1):87.
  • 5-Dennis CL, Brown HK, Wanigaratne S, Vigod SN, Grigoriadis S, Fung K, et al. Determinants of comorbid depression and anxiety postnatally: A longitudinal cohort study of Chinese-Canadian women. J Affect Disord 2018;227:24-30.
  • 6-Fallon V, Halford JCG, Bennett KM, Harrold JA. The Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale: Development and preliminary validation. Arch Womens Ment Health 2016;19(6):1079-90.
  • 7-Alhusen JL, Haya MJ, Gross D. A longitudinal study of maternal attachment and infant developmental outcomes. Archives of Women’s Mental Health 2013;16(6):521-9.
  • 8- Farré-Sender B, Torres A, Gelabert E, Andrés S, Roca A, Lasheras G, et al. Mother-infant bonding in the postpartum period: Assessment of the impact of pre-delivery factors in a clinical sample. Arch Womens Ment Health 2018;21(3):287-97.
  • 9-Field T. Postnatal anxiety prevalence, predictors and effects on development: A narrative review. Infant Behav Dev 2018;51:24-32.
  • 10- Hakanen H, Flykt M, Sinervä E, Nolvi S, Kataja EL, Pelto J, et al. How maternal pre- and postnatal symptoms of depression and anxiety affect early mother-infant interaction? J Affect Disord 2019;2(257):83-90.
  • 11- Polte C, Junge C, von Soest T, Seidler A, Eberhard-Gran M, Garthus-Niegel S. Impact of maternal perinatal anxiety on social-emotional development of 2-year-olds, a prospective study of Norwegian mothers and their offspring: the ımpact of perinatal anxiety on child development. Matern Child Health J 2019;23(3):386-96.
  • 12-Bowlby J. Attachment and loss: Retrospect and prospect. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 1982;52(4):664-78.
  • 13-Cinar N, Kose D, Altinkaynak S. The relationship between maternal attachment, perceived social support and breast-feeding sufficiency. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2015;25(4):271-5.
  • 14-Hairston IS, Handelzalts JE, Lehman-Inbar T, Kovo M. Mother-infant bonding is not associated with feeding type: A community study sample. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2019;11:19(1)-125.
  • 15- McNamara J, Townsend ML, Herbert JS. A systemic review of maternal wellbeing and its relationship with maternal fetal attachment and early postpartum bonding. Plos-One 2019;14(7):e0220032.
  • 16- Ohara M, Okada T, Aleksic B, Morikawa M, Kubota C, Nakamura Y, et al. Social support helps protect against perinatal bonding failure and depression among mothers: A prospective cohort study. Scientific Reports 2017;7(9546):1-8.
  • 17- Tietz A, Zietlow AL, Reck C. Maternal bonding in mothers with postpartum anxiety disorder: the crucial role of subclinical depressive symptoms and maternal avoidance behaviour. Arch Womens Ment Health 2014;17:433-42.
  • 18-Brunton RJ, Dryer R, Saliba A, Kohlhoff J. Pregnancy anxiety: A systematic review of current scales. Journal of Affective Disorders 2015;176:24-34.
  • 19-Bayri Bingol F, Demirgoz Bal M, Aydın Ozkan S, Zengin O, Civ B. The adaptation of the postpartum specific anxiety scale into the Turkish language: A study of validity and reliability. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology 2019;24:1-14.
  • 20-Yalçın SS, Örün E, Özdemir P, Mutlu B, Dursun A: Türk annelerde doğum sonrası bağlanma ölçeklerinin güvenilirliği. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi 2014;57:246-51.
  • 21-Misri S, Kendrick K, Oberlander TF, Norris S, Tomfohr L, Zhang H, et al. Antenatal depression and anxiety affect postpartum parenting stress: A longitudinal, prospective study. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 2010;55:222-8.
  • 22-Phillips J, Sharpe L, Matthey S. Charles M. Maternally focused worry. Arch Womens Ment Health 2009;12(6):409-18.
  • 23-Fairbrother N, Janssen P, Antony NM, Tucker E, Young AH. Perinatal anxiety disorder prevalence and incidence. J Affect Disord 2016;200:148-55.
  • 24-Suetsugu Y, Honjo S, Ikeda M, Kamibeppu K. The Japanese version of the postpartum bonding questionnaire: Examination of the reliability, validity, and scale structure. J Psychosom Res 2015;79(1):55-61.
  • 25- Serim Demirgoren B, Ozbek A, Ormen M, Kavurma C, Ozer E, Aydın A. Do mothers with high sodium levels in their breast milk have high depression and anxiety scores? J Int Med Res 2017;45(2):843-8.
  • 26- Johnson K. Maternal-infant bonding: A review of literature. Int J Childbirth Educ 2013;28(3):17-22.
  • 27-Radzyminski S, Callister LC. Health professionals’ attitudes and beliefs about breastfeeding. J Perinat Educ 2015;24(2):102-109.
  • 28-Vijayalakshmi P, Susheela T, Mythili D. Knowledge, attitudes, and breast feeding practices of postnatal mothers: a cross sectional survey. Int J Health Sci 2015;9(4):364-74.
  • 29-van Reenen SL, van Rensburg E. The influence of an unplanned caesarean section on initial mother-infant bonding: mothers’ subjective experiences. J Psychol Afr 2013;23(2):269-74.
  • 30-Bei B, Coo S, Trinder J. Sleep and mood during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Sleep Med Clin 2015;10:25-33.
  • 31-Lawson A, Murphy KE, Sloan E, Uleryk E, Dalfen A. The relationship between sleep and postpartum mental disorders: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2015;176:65-77.
  • 32-Hairston IS, Solnik-Menilo T, Deviri D, Handelzalts JE. Maternal depressed mood moderates the impact of infant sleep on mother–infant bonding. Arch Womens Ment Health 2016;19(6):1029-39.
  • 33-Tikotzky L. Postpartum maternal sleep, maternal depressive symptoms and self-perceived mother-infant emotional relationship. Behav Sleep Med 2014;14(1):5-22.
  • 34-Yarcheski A, Mahon NE, Yarcheski TJ, Hanks MM, Cannella BL. A meta-analytic study of predictors of maternal-fetal attachment. International Journal of Nursing Studies 2009;46(5):708-15.
  • 35-Edhborg M, Nasreen HE, Kabir ZN. Impact of postpartum depressive and anxiety symptoms on mothers’ emotional tie to their infants 2-3 months postpartum: A population-based study from rural Bangladesh. Arch Women’s Mental Health 2011;14(4):307-16.
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Orjinal Araştırma
Yazarlar

Fadime Bayri Bingol 0000-0002-0304-6165

Meltem Demirgöz Bal 0000-0003-4009-7137

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Şubat 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 30 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Bayri Bingol F, Demirgöz Bal M. Doğum Sonrası Maternal Anksiyete ve Bağlanmayı Etkileyen Faktörler. STED. 2021;30(1):60-8.