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Managing of Side Effects of Combined Oral Contraceptives

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 1, 73 - 82, 16.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.17942/sted.605675

Öz

Summary: Combined oral contraceptives (COC) are very effective family planning methods in pregnancy prevention when they use consistently and accurately. In our county, even if it’s the most known method by women, use and regularity is very low; because of, side effects, side effect fear, false beliefs and compliance issues. Providing good counseling about side effects by healthcare professionals can increase women's use of COCs and compliance rates, and protect them from unwanted pregnancies. In this article, recommendations are shared in line with the World Health Organization Family Planning guide and other guidelines for the management of problems that may arise during the use of combined oral contraceptives.

Kaynakça

  • World Health Organization Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (WHO/SRH) and Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health/Center for Communication Programs (CCP), Knowledge SUCCESS. Family Planning: A Global Handbook for Providers (2022 update). Baltimore and Geneva: CCP and WHO; 2022. p: 1-28. Erişim adresi: https://fphandbook.org/sites/default/files/WHO-JHU-FPHandbook-2022Ed-v221115a.pdf
  • World Health Organization. Family planning/contraception methods. World Health Organization. 2020. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/family-planning-contraception
  • UNFPA. Family Planning. UNFPA. 2022. Erişim adresi: https://www.unfpa.org/family-planning#readmore-expand
  • FHI360. Promoting Family Planning. In: Facts for Family Planning. Durham, North Carolina: FHI360/Communication for Change Project; 2012. p. 6–13. Erişim adresi: https://fphandbook.org/sites/default/files/factsforfamilyplanning_0.pdf
  • Singh S, Remez L, Sedgh G, Kwok L, Onda T. Abortion Worldwide 2017. Guttmacher Institute; 2018;68. Erişim adresi: https://www.guttmacher.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/abortion-worldwide-2017.pdf
  • Bearak J, Popinchalk A, Ganatra B, Moller A-B, Tunçalp Ö, Beavin C, et al. Unintended pregnancy and abortion by income, region, and the legal status of abortion: estimates from a comprehensive model for 1990-2019. Lancet Glob Health. 2020 Sep; 8(9): e1152-e1161. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30315-6. Epub 2020 Jul 22. PMID: 32710833.
  • Guttmacher Institution. Unintended Pregnancy and Abortion Worldwide. Gutmacher Institution. 2022. Erişim adresi: https://www.guttmacher.org/sites/default/files/factsheet/fb_iaw.pdf
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Starteji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı ve TUBİTAK. Ankara/Türkiye; 2018. s:148–149.
  • World Health Organization. Abortion. World Health Organization. 2024. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/abortion
  • Shukla A, Jamwal R, Bala K. Adverse effect of combined oral contraceptive pills. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 2016 Jan 1;10(1):17.
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Ana Çocuk Sağlığı ve Aile Planlaması Genel Müdürlüğü. Aile Planlaması Danışmanlığı, Katılımcı Kitabı. Ankara, 2009; s: 346.
  • Keskin DD, Keskin S. Aile Planlaması: Geleneksel ve modern yöntemler. Selçuk Tıp Dergisi. 2015;31(4):351–4.
  • Gür Çalışkan B. The effect of age and educational status on the family planning method choice of women living in a rural area. Türkiye Aile Hekimliği Dergisi. 2014 Dec 26;18(4):189–94.
  • Öztaş Ö, Baydar Artantaş A, Üstü Y, Uğurlu M. 18-49 Yaş grubu evli kadınların üreme sağlığı ve kontrasepsiyon hakkındaki bilgi, tutum ve davranışları. Ankara Medical Journal. 2015 Apr 28;15(2):67–76.
  • Kutlu R, Sayın S, Uçar M, Aslan R, Demirbaş O. Kadınların sosyodemografik özelliklerine göre kontraseptif yöntem kullanma durumları ve bu yöntemleri tercih nedenleri. Türk Aile Hekimliği Dergisi. 2014;18(3):134–41.
  • Çeliker SP, Eray İK, Yurdakul FE, Yavuz AF. Assessment of contraceptive method preferences and pregnancy rates during method usage of women. Ankara Medical Journal. 2017;1:21–8.
  • Tunç SY, Görük NY. The contraceptive method preference of gynecology out-patients and its relation with their education level. J Clin Exp Invest. 2012;3(4):529-32
  • Kıyak Çağlayan E, Kara M, Aslan N. Contraceptive methods used by women living in Yozgat City. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal. 2014 Mar 28;36(1):57–61.
  • UNFPA. Reproductive Health at the Global and Regional Levels. In: Universal Access to Reproductive Health: Progress and Challenges. UNFPA; 2016. p. 10–27.
  • Brynhildsen J. Combined hormonal contraceptives: prescribing patterns, compliance, and benefits versus risks. Ther Adv Drug Saf. 2014 Oct;5(5):201-13.
  • Helvacıoğlu Ç, Dağdeviren H, Kanawati A, Cengiz H, Ekin M. Oral kontraseptifler hakkında toplumun farkındalık düzeyi. Bakırköy Tıp Dergisi. 2018;14:53–6.
  • Carey MS, Allen RH. Non-contraceptive uses and benefits of combined oral contraception. The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist. 2012;14(4):223–8.
  • Satish S, Moore JF, Littlefield JM, Bishop IJ, Rojas KE. re-evaluating the association between hormonal contraception and breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer: Targets and Therapy 2023;15:227-35.
  • Fitzpatrick D, Pirie K, Reeves G, Green J, Beral V. Combined and progestagen-only hormonal contraceptives and breast cancer risk: A UK nested case–control study and meta-analysis. PLoS Med 2023;20(3):e1004188.
  • Hultstrand NJ, Gemzell-Danielsson K, Kopp Kallner H, Lindman H, Wikman P, Sundström-Poromaa P. Hormonal contraception and risk of breast cancer and breast cancer in situ among Swedish women 15–34 years of age: A nationwide register-based study. The Lancet Regional Health - Europe 2022;21:100470
  • Mørch LS, Skovlund CW, Hannaford PC, Iversen L, Fielding S, Lidegaard Ø. Contemporary hormonal contraception and the risk of breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2017;377:2228-39
  • World Health Organization. Medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use. 5th ed. World Health Organization, editor. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2015. 276 p.

Kombine Oral Kontraseptiflerin Yan Etkilerinin Yönetimi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 1, 73 - 82, 16.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.17942/sted.605675

Öz

Kombine oral kontraseptifler (KOK) tutarlı ve doğru kullanıldığında gebelikten korumada oldukça etkili aile planlaması yöntemidir. Ülkemizde kadınlar tarafından en çok bilinen yöntem olmasına karşın kullanım ve devamlılık oranları; yan etkileri, yan etki korkusu, yanlış inanışlar ve uyum sorunları nedeniyle düşüktür. Sağlık çalışanlarının yan etkiler konusunda vereceği danışmanlık ile KOK’ların kullanım ve uyum oranları arıttırılarak, kadınların istenmeyen gebeliklerden korunması sağlanabilir. Bu makalede, kombine oral kontraseptiflerin kullanımı sırasında ortaya çıkabilecek sorunların yönetimi için Dünya Sağlık Örgütü Aile Planlaması rehberi ve diğer rehberler doğrultusunda öneriler paylaşılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • World Health Organization Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (WHO/SRH) and Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health/Center for Communication Programs (CCP), Knowledge SUCCESS. Family Planning: A Global Handbook for Providers (2022 update). Baltimore and Geneva: CCP and WHO; 2022. p: 1-28. Erişim adresi: https://fphandbook.org/sites/default/files/WHO-JHU-FPHandbook-2022Ed-v221115a.pdf
  • World Health Organization. Family planning/contraception methods. World Health Organization. 2020. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/family-planning-contraception
  • UNFPA. Family Planning. UNFPA. 2022. Erişim adresi: https://www.unfpa.org/family-planning#readmore-expand
  • FHI360. Promoting Family Planning. In: Facts for Family Planning. Durham, North Carolina: FHI360/Communication for Change Project; 2012. p. 6–13. Erişim adresi: https://fphandbook.org/sites/default/files/factsforfamilyplanning_0.pdf
  • Singh S, Remez L, Sedgh G, Kwok L, Onda T. Abortion Worldwide 2017. Guttmacher Institute; 2018;68. Erişim adresi: https://www.guttmacher.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/abortion-worldwide-2017.pdf
  • Bearak J, Popinchalk A, Ganatra B, Moller A-B, Tunçalp Ö, Beavin C, et al. Unintended pregnancy and abortion by income, region, and the legal status of abortion: estimates from a comprehensive model for 1990-2019. Lancet Glob Health. 2020 Sep; 8(9): e1152-e1161. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30315-6. Epub 2020 Jul 22. PMID: 32710833.
  • Guttmacher Institution. Unintended Pregnancy and Abortion Worldwide. Gutmacher Institution. 2022. Erişim adresi: https://www.guttmacher.org/sites/default/files/factsheet/fb_iaw.pdf
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Starteji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı ve TUBİTAK. Ankara/Türkiye; 2018. s:148–149.
  • World Health Organization. Abortion. World Health Organization. 2024. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/abortion
  • Shukla A, Jamwal R, Bala K. Adverse effect of combined oral contraceptive pills. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. 2016 Jan 1;10(1):17.
  • T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Ana Çocuk Sağlığı ve Aile Planlaması Genel Müdürlüğü. Aile Planlaması Danışmanlığı, Katılımcı Kitabı. Ankara, 2009; s: 346.
  • Keskin DD, Keskin S. Aile Planlaması: Geleneksel ve modern yöntemler. Selçuk Tıp Dergisi. 2015;31(4):351–4.
  • Gür Çalışkan B. The effect of age and educational status on the family planning method choice of women living in a rural area. Türkiye Aile Hekimliği Dergisi. 2014 Dec 26;18(4):189–94.
  • Öztaş Ö, Baydar Artantaş A, Üstü Y, Uğurlu M. 18-49 Yaş grubu evli kadınların üreme sağlığı ve kontrasepsiyon hakkındaki bilgi, tutum ve davranışları. Ankara Medical Journal. 2015 Apr 28;15(2):67–76.
  • Kutlu R, Sayın S, Uçar M, Aslan R, Demirbaş O. Kadınların sosyodemografik özelliklerine göre kontraseptif yöntem kullanma durumları ve bu yöntemleri tercih nedenleri. Türk Aile Hekimliği Dergisi. 2014;18(3):134–41.
  • Çeliker SP, Eray İK, Yurdakul FE, Yavuz AF. Assessment of contraceptive method preferences and pregnancy rates during method usage of women. Ankara Medical Journal. 2017;1:21–8.
  • Tunç SY, Görük NY. The contraceptive method preference of gynecology out-patients and its relation with their education level. J Clin Exp Invest. 2012;3(4):529-32
  • Kıyak Çağlayan E, Kara M, Aslan N. Contraceptive methods used by women living in Yozgat City. Cumhuriyet Medical Journal. 2014 Mar 28;36(1):57–61.
  • UNFPA. Reproductive Health at the Global and Regional Levels. In: Universal Access to Reproductive Health: Progress and Challenges. UNFPA; 2016. p. 10–27.
  • Brynhildsen J. Combined hormonal contraceptives: prescribing patterns, compliance, and benefits versus risks. Ther Adv Drug Saf. 2014 Oct;5(5):201-13.
  • Helvacıoğlu Ç, Dağdeviren H, Kanawati A, Cengiz H, Ekin M. Oral kontraseptifler hakkında toplumun farkındalık düzeyi. Bakırköy Tıp Dergisi. 2018;14:53–6.
  • Carey MS, Allen RH. Non-contraceptive uses and benefits of combined oral contraception. The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist. 2012;14(4):223–8.
  • Satish S, Moore JF, Littlefield JM, Bishop IJ, Rojas KE. re-evaluating the association between hormonal contraception and breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer: Targets and Therapy 2023;15:227-35.
  • Fitzpatrick D, Pirie K, Reeves G, Green J, Beral V. Combined and progestagen-only hormonal contraceptives and breast cancer risk: A UK nested case–control study and meta-analysis. PLoS Med 2023;20(3):e1004188.
  • Hultstrand NJ, Gemzell-Danielsson K, Kopp Kallner H, Lindman H, Wikman P, Sundström-Poromaa P. Hormonal contraception and risk of breast cancer and breast cancer in situ among Swedish women 15–34 years of age: A nationwide register-based study. The Lancet Regional Health - Europe 2022;21:100470
  • Mørch LS, Skovlund CW, Hannaford PC, Iversen L, Fielding S, Lidegaard Ø. Contemporary hormonal contraception and the risk of breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2017;377:2228-39
  • World Health Organization. Medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use. 5th ed. World Health Organization, editor. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2015. 276 p.
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Aile Bakımı
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Güllü Demir 0000-0002-0090-2958

Sevgi Özsoy 0000-0002-8851-8140

Yayımlanma Tarihi 16 Temmuz 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 33 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Demir G, Özsoy S. Kombine Oral Kontraseptiflerin Yan Etkilerinin Yönetimi. STED. 2024;33(1):73-82.