Sağlık Çalışanlarının Hepatit B, Hepatit C ve HIV/AIDS Konusundaki Bilgi, Tutum ve Davranışlarının Analizi: Kesitsel Bir Klinik Çalışma

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 4, 263 - 270, 09.12.2024

Ahmet Şahin

https://doi.org/10.17942/sted.1362032

Öz

Amaç: Bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesindeki hekim ve hemşirelerden oluşan sağlık çalışanlarının hepatit B virüsü (HBV), hepatit C virüsü (HCV) ve İnsan İmmün Yetmezlik Virüsü (HIV) hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerini, hastalara yaklaşımlarını ve düzeltilmesi gereken eksiklikleri belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu kesitsel klinik çalışma için sağlık çalışanlarına 30.07.2023 tarihinde anket uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılara HBV, HCV ve HIV/AIDS hakkında (bulaşma yolları, hastalığa bakış açıları, korunma yöntemleri, profilaksi vb.) Google Formlar aracılığı ile sorular sorulmuştur. Elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel analizi için ki-kare testi yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: 77'si (%46,7) hekim ve 88'i (%53,3) hemşire olmak üzere toplam 165 sağlık çalışanı anketi doldurarak çalışmaya katıldı. Bunların 89'u (%53,9) kadın idi. Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, HBV, HCV ve HIV/AIDS hakkındaki bilgi eksikliği hekimlerde hemşirelere göre daha az oranda tespit edildi. Ayrıca meslekte çalışma yılı arttıkça deneyimle birlikte bilgi düzeyinin de arttığı görüldü. Katılımcıların çoğunluğu her üç virüsün de kan yoluyla bulaştığını doğru olarak ifade etmiştir. Ancak emzirme, vertikal bulaş ve temas sonrası profilaksi ile ilgili sorularda doğru cevap yüzdesi düşüktü. Enfekte hastalardan bulaşmayı önlemek için en yaygın önlem "eldiven kullanımı" idi (%70,9).
Sonuç: Sağlık çalışanlarının HBV, HCV ve HIV hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerinin periyodik olarak hizmet içi eğitimler düzenlenerek artırılması gerekmektedir. Bu durum, enfeksiyon kontrolünün sağlanmasına katkıda bulunacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

sağlık çalışanları, hepatit, HIV

Analysis of Health Care Professionals’ Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours about Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS: A Cross-sectional Clinical Study

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge about hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), their approaches to patients and the deficiencies that need to be corrected among health care workers including physicians and nurses in a training and research hospital.
Methods: Healthcare professionals were surveyed on 30.07.2023 for this cross-sectional clinical study. Questions were asked to the respondents about HBV, HCV, and HIV/AIDS (transmission routes, perspectives on the disease, prevention methods, prophylaxis, etc.) via Google Forms. A chi-square test was performed for statistical analysis of the obtained data.
Results: A total of 165 healthcare professionals, 77 (46.7%) physicians and 88 (53.3%) nurses, filled out the questionnaire and participated in the study. 89 (53.9%) of them were women. Based on the results of this study, the lack of knowledge about HBV, HCV and HIV/AIDS was less in physicians than in nurses. In addition, as the years of work in the profession increased, the level of knowledge increased with the experience. The majority of the respondents correctly stated that all three viruses were transmitted through blood. However, the percentage of correct answers was low in questions about breastfeeding, vertical transmission, and post-exposure prophylaxis. The most common measure to prevent transmission from infected patients was the “use of gloves” (70.9%).
Conclusion: It is necessary to increase the knowledge level of health workers about HBV, HCV, and HIV by periodically organizing in-service trainings. This will help ensure effective infection control.

Anahtar Kelimeler

healthcare workers, hepatitis, HIV

Kaynakça

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