Müslümanlar İçin Dini Başetme Ölçeği Türkçe Formunun Geçerlik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı Müslümanlar için Dini Başetme Ölçeği’nin (MDBÖ) Türkçe formunun yetişkinler için psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmanın örneklemini 315 yetişkin (%28.9 erkek ve %71.1 kadın) gönüllü katılımcı oluşturmuştur. MDBÖ’nün yanı sıra, Yeniden Yapılandırılmış Müslüman Dini Yönelim Ölçeği, Dini Başa Çıkma Tarzları Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Yapılan madde analizi sonucunda ölçeğin bir maddesinin Türk örneklemde işlemediği gözlenmiş ve ölçek 19 madde üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Doğrulaycı Faktör Analizinden elde edilen veriler, MDBÖ’nün üç faktörlü yapısını desteklemiş ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi sonuçlarındaki uyum indeksleri kabul edilebilir düzeyde çıkmıştır. Ölçeğin toplam puan ve alt ölçek puanları için hesaplanan Cronbach Alpha katsayıları ile iki yarı test güvenilirlik değeri oldukça yüksek seviyelerde bulunmuştur. Son olarak, kriter geçerliği açısından, MDBÖ’nün Dini Başa Çıkma Tarzları Ölçeği (DBÇTÖ) ve Yeniden Yapılandırılmış Dini Yönelim Ölçeği (YMDYÖ)  toplam puan ve alt ölçek puanları ile istatistiksel olarak anmalı ilişkililer gösterdiği gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, ölçeğin Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenilirliğinin tatmin edici düzeyde olduğu düşünülmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Müslüman dini başetme,dini başa çıkma,güvenilirlik,geçerlilik,ölçek uyarlama

Reliability and Validity of Turkish Adaptation of Muslim Religious Coping Scale

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to evaluate psychometric properties of Muslim Religious Coping Scale (MRC) in Turkish sample. The sample was composed of 315 (28.9 % male and 71.1 % female) adult participants. In addition to MRC, Revised Religious Orientation Scale, and Religious Coping Scale were administered. The item analysis revealed one of the items do not work in Turkish population. The result of the confirmatory factor analysis supported the three factor structure for the MRC scale and the adjusted fix indexes in the results of confırmatory factor analysis was at acceptable level. Reliability estimates by Cronbach alpha and Split half coefficients were quite high for MRC subscales and total. Finally, The MRC demonstrated good construct validity, showing statistically significant relationships with other scales; Religious Coping Scale and Revised Religious Orientation Scale. These findings suggest that the validity and the reliability of MRC were satisfactory for Turkish population.

Keywords

• Muslim Religious Coping,religious coping,reliability,validity,scale adaptation

Kaynakça

1. Abu Raiya, H., Pargament, K. I., Mahoney, A., ve Stein, C. (2008). A psychological measure of Islamic religiousness: Development and evidence for reliability and validity. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 18(4), 291-315. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508610802229270
2. Abu Raiya, H., ve Pargament, K. I. (2010). Religiously integrated psychotherapy with Muslim clients: From research to practice. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 41(2), 181. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017988
3. Abu-Raiya, H., ve Pargament, K. I. (2011). Empirically based psychology of Islam: Summary and critique of the literature. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 14(2), 93-115. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674670903426482
4. Adam, Z., ve Ward, C. (2016). Stress, religious coping and wellbeing in acculturating Muslims. Journal of Muslim Mental Health, 10(2). http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/jmmh.10381607.0010.201
5. Ai, A. L., Peterson, C., ve Huang, B. (2003). The effect of religious-spiritual coping on positive attitudes of adult Muslim refugees from Kosovo and Bosnia. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 13(1), 29-47. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327582IJPR1301_04
6. Aflakseir, A., ve Coleman, P. G. (2009). The influence of religious coping on the mental health of disabled Iranian war veterans. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 12(2), 175-190. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674670802428563.
7. Ano, G. G., ve Vasconcelles, E. B. (2005). Religious coping and psychological adjustment to stress: A meta‐analysis. Journal of clinical psychology, 61(4), 461-480. doi: 10.1002/jclp.20049
8. Aydin, N., Fischer, P., ve Frey, D. (2010). Turning to God in the face of ostracism: Effects of social exclusion on religiousness. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 36(6), 742-753. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167210367491

9. Bulman, R. J., ve Wortman, C. B. (1977). Attributions of blame and coping in the" real world": severe accident victims react to their lot. Journal of personality and social psychology, 35(5), 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.35.5.351
10. Cinnirella, M., ve Loewenthal, K. M. (1999). Religious and ethnic group influences on beliefs about mental illness: A qualitative interview study. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 72(4), 505-524. https://doi.org/10.1348/000711299160202
11. Conway, K. (1986). Coping with the stress of medical problems among black and white elderly. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 21(1), 39-48. https://doi.org/10.2190/B5F7-2BB3-YHEL-N868
12. Ekşi, Halil (2001). Başaçıkma, dini başaçıkma ve ruh sağlığı arasındaki ilişki üzerine bir araştırma. (Doktora tezi). Bursa: Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
13. Ercan, Nilüfer (2009). The predictors of attitudes toward physical wife abuse: Ambivalent sexism, system justification and religious Orientation. (Doktora Tezi). Ankara: Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi
14. Friedman, M., ve Saroglou, V. (2010). Religiosity, psychological acculturation to the host culture, self-esteem and depressive symptoms among stigmatized and nonstigmatized religious immigrant groups in Western Europe. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 32(2), 185-195. https://doi.org/10.1080/01973531003738387
15. Gardner, T. M., Krägeloh, C. U., ve Henning, M. A. (2014). Religious coping, stress, and quality of life of Muslim university students in New Zealand. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 17(4), 327-338. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2013.804044
16. Gebauer, J. E., Sedikides, C., Schönbrodt, F. D., Bleidorn, W., Rentfrow, P. J., Potter, J., & Gosling, S. D. (2017). The religiosity as social value hypothesis: A multi-method replication and extension across 65 countries and three levels of spatial aggregation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 113(3), e18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000104
17. Hassouneh-Phillips, D. (2003). Strength and vulnerability: Spirituality in abused American Muslim women's lives. Issues in mental health nursing, 24(6-7), 681-694. https://doi.org/10.1080/01612840305324
18. Khan, Z. H., & Watson, P. J. (2006). " Construction of the Pakistani Religious Coping Practices Scale: Correlations With Religious Coping, Religious Orientation, and Reactions to Stress Among Muslim University Students". The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 16(2), 101-112. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327582ijpr1602_2.
19. Klokgieters, S. S., van Tilburg, T. G., Deeg, D. J., & Huisman, M. (2019). Do religious activities among young–old immigrants act as a buffer against the effect of a lack of resources on well-being?. Aging & mental health, 23(5), 625-632. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2018.1430739
20. Koenig, H. G., McCullough, M. E., & Larson, D. B. (2000). Handbook of religion and health. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: Springer.
21. Mahoney, A., Pargament, K. I., Tarakeshwar, N., & Swank, A. B. (2008). Religion in the home in the 1980s and 1990s: A meta-analytic review and conceptual analysis of links between religion, marriage, and parenting. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 63-101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1941-1022.S.1.63
22. Pargament, K. I. (1997). The Psychology of Religion and Coping: Theory Research Practice. New York: Gulford Press.
23. Pargament, K. I., Smith, B. W., Koenig, H. G., & Perez, L. (1998). Patterns of positive and negative religious coping with major life stressors. Journal for the scientific study of religion, 710-724. https://doi.org/10.2307/1388152
24. Pargament, K. I., Koenig, H. G., & Perez, L. M. (2000). The many methods of religious coping: Development and initial validation of the RCOPE. Journal of clinical psychology, 56(4), 519-543. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679(200004)56:4<519::AID-JCLP6>3.0.CO;2-1
25. Shin, H., Park, Y. M., Ying, J. Y., Kim, B., Noh, H., & Lee, S. M. (2014). Relationships between coping strategies and burnout symptoms: A meta-analytic approach. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 45(1), 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0035220
26. Spilka, B., Hood, R. W., Hunsberger, B., & Gorsuch, R. (2003). The psychology of religion: An empirical approach (3rd ed.). New York: Guilford.
27. Vasquez, Priscilla. (2010). Religious coping and social support as mediators and/or moderators and acculturative stress in a latino community sample. (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). WI: Marquette University.
28. Verkuyten, M., ve Yildiz, A. A. (2007). National (dis)identification, and ethnic and religious identity: A study among Turkish-Dutch Muslims. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33, 1448–1462. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167207304276
29. Ward, C. (2013). Probing identity, integration and adaptation: Big questions, little answers. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 37(4), 391-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2013.04.001
30. Ward, C., ve Masgoret, A. M. (2008). Attitudes toward immigrants, immigration, and multiculturalism in New Zealand: A social psychological analysis 1. International Migration Review, 42(1), 227-248. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2007.00119.x
31. Ward, C., ve Liu, J. (2012). Ethno-cultural conflict in Aotearoa/New Zealand: Balancing indigenous rights and multicultural responsibilities. D. Landis ve R. Albert (Eds.), Handbook of ethnic conflict: International perspectives içinde (s. 45-69). New York: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0448-4_3
32. Webb, A. P., Ellison, C. G., McFarland, M. J., Lee, J. W., Morton, K., & Walters, J. (2010). Divorce, religious coping, and depressive symptoms in a conservative protestant religious group. Family Relations, 59(5), 544-557. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2010.00622.x