An Electoral System Which Rewards the Winner Once Again: The Majority Prize System

Abstract

Political parties are in continual pursuit of updating the election procedures with a view to keeping functional or effective the politics of their country. Sometimes the underlying reason behind such updates might be the concern of not losing the power. On the other hand, these updates can occasionally stem from a necessity and become imperative. Frequently experienced political instabilities and dead-locks can lead to a reform in electoral systems which is injustice in representation.
One of the electoral systems which make concessions to justice in representation for the sake of stability in government is the majority bonus system. This electoral system can be defined, as most concisely as possible, as the system in which a party rewarded with the highest number of votes from the electorate is rewarded once more with prize seats by the electoral system. This study has tried to facilitate better recognition of this electoral system through examining its practical outcomes in the light of the analyses conducted based on the data obtained from the countries where this electoral system is in effect.

Keywords

• Parliamentary System
• Coalition
• Electoral System
• Justice in Representation, Stability in Government
• Presidential Decree

Kazananın Bir Kez Daha Ödüllendirildiği Seçim Sistemi: Çoğunluk Ödüllü Seçim Sistemi

Öz

Siyasi partiler, seçimler aracılığıyla iktidara sahip/ortak olarak veya en azın-dan mecliste temsil edilerek seçmenlere vermiş oldukları sözleri yerine getir-me gayre-ti içerisinde olan yapılardır. Siyasi yarış içerisinde olan bu yapılar, ülke siyaseti-nin işler hale getirilmesi veya etkinleştirilmesi için sürekli seçim usullerini güncelleme arzusu içerisinde olurlar. Bu güncellemelerin arkasında kimi zaman iktidarı kaybetmeme düşüncesi yatmaktadır. Ancak kimi zaman-larda bu güncelleme ihtiyacı bir zorunluluk haline gelmektedir. Siyasi istikrar-sızlıkların ve tıkanıklıkların sıklıkla görülmesi, seçim sistemlerinde temsilde adalet aleyhine olacak şekilde bir reforma gidilmesine yol açmaktadır.
Yönetimde istikrar için temsilde adaletten taviz veren seçim sistemlerinden birisi de çoğunluk ödüllü seçim sistemidir. Bu seçim sistemini en öz şekilde, seçmen-den en yüksek oyu alarak ödüllendirilen bir partinin, bir de seçim sis-temi tarafından ödüllendirilerek ilave milletvekili aldığı sistem şeklinde ta-nımlamak mümkündür. Bu çalışmada, bu seçim sisteminin uygulandığı ülke-lerdeki verilerden hareketle yapılan analizler ile seçim sisteminin ne gibi so-nuçlar doğurduğu irdelenerek sistemin daha yakından tanınmasına çalışılmış-tır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Parlamenter Sistem
• Seçim Sistemi
• Koalisyon
• Temsilde Adalet ve Yönetimde İstikrar
• Olağanüstü Hal Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kararnamesi

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