Toplu Taşıma Sistemlerinde Kadınların Güvenlik Algıları ve Stratejileri: Feminist Bir Yaklaşım

Öz

Toplu taşıma sistemleri, modern kent yaşamının ayrılmaz bir parçasıdır ve her gün milyonlarca insanın bu sistemleri kullanarak şehir içinde hareket etmesine olanak tanımaktadır. Ancak bu sistemler, özellikle kadınlar için karmaşık ve güvenlik açısından hassas bir deneyim sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma, İstanbul’daki toplu taşıma sistemlerinde kadınların güvenlik algılarını ve bu algılara yönelik geliştirdikleri stratejileri feminist bir yaklaşımla incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Kadınların toplu taşıma araçlarında karşılaştıkları güvenlik sorunlarının toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliğinin bir yansıması olduğu savunulmakta ve feminist teori çerçevesinde bu sorunların nasıl şekillendiği ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmada, nitel bir araştırma yöntemi olarak katılımcı gözlem kullanılmıştır. Kadınların toplu taşıma araçlarındaki gerçek zamanlı davranışları gözlemlenmiş ve 45 gözlem sonucunda elde edilen veriler tematik analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Tematik analiz sonucunda kadınların güvenlik algılarıyla ilgili beş ana tema belirlenmiştir: Kişisel alanın korunması, güvenlik donanımlarına yönelik algılar, sosyal etkileşimden kaçınma, kalabalık ve savunmasızlık ve gece yolculuğu ve güvenlik endişeleri. Araştırma bulguları, kadınların toplu taşıma araçlarında güvenlik kaygılarını hafifletmek için çeşitli stratejiler geliştirdiğini ve bu stratejilerin toplu taşıma deneyimlerini doğrudan etkilediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Kadınların gerçek zamanlı deneyimlerini gözlemleyerek, bireysel stratejilerinin ve bu stratejilerin toplu taşıma deneyimlerine etkisinin detaylı bir şekilde ortaya konulması çalışmayı literatürdeki benzerlerinden farklı kılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Feminist Teori
• Feminist Coğrafya
• İstanbul
• Katılımcı Gözlem
• Cinsiyet Eşitsizliği.

Women’s Perceptions of Safety And Strategies In Public Transportation Systems: A Feminist Approach

Abstract

Public transportation systems are integral to modern urban life, enabling millions of people to move within cities daily. However, these systems present a complex and safety-sensitive experience, especially for women. This study examines women's perceptions of safety and the strategies they develop in response to these perceptions in Istanbul's public transportation systems through a feminist approach. It argues that the safety issues women face in public transportation reflect gender inequality and explores how these issues are shaped within the framework of feminist theory. A qualitative research method, participant observation, was employed in this study. Women’s real-time behaviors on public vehicles were observed, and the data obtained from 45 observations were analyzed using thematic analysis. Thematic analysis identified five main themes regarding women’s perceptions of safety: preserving personal space, perceptions of safety equipment, avoiding social interactions, crowding and vulnerability, and nighttime travel and safety concerns. The findings reveal that women develop various strategies to mitigate safety concerns in public transportation, which directly influence their transportation experiences. Observing women’s real-time experiences uniquely details individual strategies and their impact on public transportation experiences, distinguishing this study from similar ones in the literature.

Keywords

• Feminist Theory
• Feminist Geography
• İstanbul
• Participant Observation
• Gender Inequality.

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