RECOVERY OF FORMIC ACID BY REACTIVE EXTRACTION USING AN ENVIRONMENTALLYFRIENDLY SOLVENT

Öz

Today many carboxylic acids are recovered from biological production media and

industrial wastewaters. Reactive extraction is favored over other separation methods due to its high

recovery efficiency, ease of operation, low energy demand and reduced cost. However, use of toxic

organic diluents in the organic phases is the main disadvantage of the method. In this study, the

appropriateness of an environmentally-friendly solvent, sunflower oil (SFO) to be used as organic phase

diluent during the recovery of formic acid (FA) from aqueous solutions by reactive extraction was

evaluated. Alamine-336 was used as the extractant and the results obtained with SFO were compared

with those obtained using octanol. The separation process reached an equilibrium in 3 hours and the

recovery efficiency increased with the increase in extractant percentages. The initial FA concentration

positively influenced the recovery when SFO was used as the diluent. In the ranges of the parameters

studied, the highest recovery values were 98.6% and 82.6% with octanol and SFO, respectively. This

study shows that low molecular weight carboxylic acids, e.g. FA can be recovered from aqueous

solutions by reactive extraction using environmentally-friendly solvents such as SFO.    

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Formic acid
• Reactive extraction
• Sunflower oil
• Alamine-336

Formik Asidin Çevre Dostu Bir Çözücü Kullanılarak Tepkimeli Özütleme Yöntemi ile Geri Kazanımı

Öz

Günümüzde pek çok karboksilik asit biyolojik üretim ortamlarından ve endüstriyel atık sulardan

geri kazanılmaktadır. Tepkimeli özütleme, yüksek geri kazanım verimi, işlem basitliği, düşük enerji

gereksinimi ve maliyeti nedeniyle diğer ayırma yöntemlerine tercih edilmiştir. Fakat organik fazlarda

zehirli organik seyrelticilerin kullanımı yöntemin en önemli dezavantajıdır. Bu çalışmada çevre dostu bir

çözücünün, ayçiçek yağının formik asidin sulu çözeltilerinden tepkimeli özütleme yöntemi ile geri

kazanımı sırasında organik faz seyrelticisi olarak zehirli organik kimyasallar yerine kullanımı

değerlendirilmiştir. Özütleyici olarak Alamine-336 kullanılmış ve ayçiçek yağı ile elde edilen sonuçlar

oktanol ile elde edilen sonuçlarla karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayırma süreci 3 saatte dengeye ulaşmış ve geri

kazanım verimi özütleyici yüzdesi ile birlikte artmıştır. Ayçiçek yağı seyreltici olarak kullanıldığında

başlangıç asit derişimi geri kazanımı pozitif yönde etkilemiştir. Çalışılan değişken aralıklarında oktanol

ve ayçiçek yağı ile en yüksek geri kazanım verimleri sırasıyla %98,6 ve %82,6’dır. Bu çalışma formik asit

gibi düşük molekül ağırlıklı karboksilik asitlerin tepkimeli özütleme ile ayçiçek yağı gibi çevre dostu

çözücüler kullanılarak sulu çözeltilerden geri kazanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Formik asit
• Tepkimeli özütleme
• Ayçiçek yağı
• Alamine-336

Kaynakça

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