MADEN MAKİNELERİNİN FREKANS-GÜRÜLTÜ İLİŞKİSİ

Öz

Normal bir insan kulağı 20 Hz – 20000 Hz frekans aralığındaki sesleri duymakla birlikte bu aralıktaki farklı frekanstaki sesleri eş şiddetle algılamamaktadır. Bu nedenle insan maruziyetinin belirlenmesinde gürültü düzeylerini belirlemenin yanında, gürültünün frekansı da dikkate alınmalıdır. Bu çalışmada Sivas ve komşu illerde yer alan toplam altı çalışma alanında kullanılan 67 adet iş makinesinden gürültü ölçümleri alınmış ve frekans-gürültü ilişkisi ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre paletli dozer ve lastik tekerlekli yükleyici operatörlerinin maruz kaldığı maksimum gürültü düzeyi büyük oranda düşük frekans aralığına, diğerleri orta frekans aralığına düşmektedir. Tüm iş makinesi operatörlerinin maruz kaldığı minimum gürültü düzeyleri yüksek frekans aralığındadır. Ölçüm yapılan iş makinelerinin maksimum gürültü düzeylerinin insan kulağının en hassas olduğu frekans aralığının dışında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İş makinelerinin oluşturduğu gürültü geniş frekans aralığında yer almaktadır. Gürültü düzeyleri, zamanla değişim ölçütüne göre sınıflandırıldığında ölçüm alınan tüm iş makineleri kararsız gürültü sınıfına girmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gürültü spektral analizi,⅓ oktav bant frekansları,Leq,LEX-8h

Frequency-Noise Relation of Mining Machines

Abstract

Though a normal human can hear sound in 20 Hz – 20000 Hz frequency range, he/she does not detect the same intensity at different frequencies in this interval. Therefore, when determining noise levels for human exposure, the noise frequency should also be taken into consideration. In this study noise measurements were taken and frequency-noise relations extracted from 67 units of mining machinery of different types and models used in six work sites in Sivas and neighbor provinces. According to study results the maximum noise level, to which crawled dozer and wheel loader operators are exposed, fall greatly in the low-frequency range while the others fall into the medium-frequency range. The minimum noise levels, to which all mining equipment operators are exposed, fall into the high-frequency range. It is determined that the maximum noise levels of the mining machines sampled are outside the frequency range to which human ear is most sensitive. The noise that all mining equipment generated is located in the wide frequency range. When the noise levels are classified according to the criteria of change over time, all mining machines are characterized as unsteady.

Keywords

• Noise spectral analysis,⅓ octave band frequencies,Leq,LEX-8h

Kaynakça

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