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Ark-Deşarj Yöntemi ile Sentezlenen ZnO Nanoparçacıkları Kullanılarak Hazırlanan Polianilin/ZnO Nanokompozitleri ve Fotokatalitik Uygulamaları

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 4, 111 - 120, 01.12.2012

Öz

Polianilin (PANI) ve PANI/ZnO nanokompozitleri, sırasıyla anilin ve ZnO nanoparçacık ilave edilmiş anilinin kimyasal oksidatif polimerizasyonu ile sentezlenmiştir. ZnO nanoparçacıkları ark-deşarj yöntemi ile sentezlenerek PANI/ZnO nanokompozitlerinin hazırlanmasında kullanılmıştır. ZnO nanoparçacıklarının PANI’nin karakteristiği üzerindeki etkisini incelemek amacıyla Anilin/ZnO nanoparçacık molar oranı değiştirilmiştir. Taramalı elektron mikroskopisi analizlerine gore, ZnO nanoparçacıkları PANI matriks içerisinde homojen bir şekilde dağıtılmıştır. PANI/ZnO nanokompozitlerinin Fourier dönüşümlü Infrared spektroskopisi ile yapılan incelemelerinde, PANI matriks içerisindeki ZnO nanoparçacık miktarı arttıkça PANI’ye ait karakteristik bantların daha yüksek dalga boylarına kaydığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, hazırlanan nanokompozitler ile malahit yeşili sulu boya çözeltisinin ultraviole ışık etkisi altında bozunması araştırılmıştır. Deneysel olarak elde edilen sonuçlara gore, malahit yeşili sulu çözeltisi içerisine 1,2 g/L PANI/ZnO nanokompozit katalizörü katıldığında 180 dakika sonunda %98’in üzerinde bozunma gerçekleştiği bulunmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Ameen, S.,. Akhtar, M. S, Kim, Y. S., Yang, O., Shin, H., 2011, “An Effective Nanocomposite of Polyaniline and ZnO: Preparation, Characterizations, and Its Photocatalytic Activity”, Colloid Polym. Sci., Vol. 289, pp. 415-421.
  • Bae, H. S., Yoon, M. H., Kim, J. H., Im, S., 2003, “Photodetecting Properties of ZnO-Based Thin-Film Transistors”, Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 83, pp. 5313-5315.
  • Banerjee, D., Rybczynski, J., Huang, J. Y., Wang, D. Z., Kempa, K., Ren, Z. F., 2005, “Large Hexagonal Arrays of Aligned ZnO Nanorods”, Appl. Phys. A, Vol. 80, pp. 749-752.
  • Beek, B. W. J. E., Slooff, L. H., Wienk, M. N., Kroon, J. M., Janseen, R. A. J., 2005, “Hybrid Solar Cells Using a Zinc Oxide Precursor and a Conjugated Polymer”, Adv. Funct. Mater., Vol. 15, pp. 1703-1707.
  • Chang, M., Cao, X. L., Zeng, H., Zhang, L., 2004, “Enhancement of the Ultraviolet Emission of ZnO Nanostructures by Polyaniline Modification”, Chem. Phys. Letters, Vol. 446, pp. 370 -373.
  • Cho, S., Ma, J., Kim, Y., Sun, Y., Wong, G. K. L., Ketterson, J. B., 1999, “Photoluminescence and Ultraviolet Lasing of Polycrystalline ZnO Thin Films Prepared by the Oxidation of the Metallic Zn”, Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 75, pp. 2761-2763.
  • Eskizeybek, V., Demir, O., Avcı, A., Chhowalla, M. J., 2011, “Synthesis and Characterization of Cadmium Hydroxide Nanowires by Arc Discharge Method in De-ionized Water”, Nanoparticle Research, Vol. 13,pp. 4673-4680.
  • Gangopadhyay, R., De A., 2000, “Conducting Polymer Nanocomposites: A Brief Overview”, Chem. Mater., Vol 12, pp. 608-622.
  • Gustafsson, G., Cao, Y., Treacy, G. M., Klavetter, F., Colaneri, N., Heeger, A., 1992, “Flexible LightEmitting Diodes Made From Soluble Conducting Polymers”, Nature, Vol. 357, pp. 477-479.
  • He, Y., 2004, “Preparation of Polyaniline/Nano-ZnO Composites via a novel pickering emulsion route”, Powder Technology, Vol.147, pp. 59-63.
  • He, Y., 2005, “A Novel Emulsion Route to Sub-Micrometer Polyaniline/Nano-ZnO Composite Fibers” App. Surface Sci., Vol. 249, pp. 1-6.
  • Preparation of polyaniline/ZnO nanocomposites by using arc-discharge synthesized ZnO nanoparticles... 119 Khan, A. A, Khalid, M., 2010, “Synthesis of Nano-Sized ZnO and Polyaniline-Zinc Oxide Composite: Characterization, Stability in terms of DC Electrical Conductivity Retention and Application In Ammonia Vapor Detection”, J. App. Polymer Science, Vol. 117, pp. 1601–1607.
  • Lee, K., Wu, Z., Chen, Z., Ren, F., Pearton, S. J., Rinzler, A. G., 2004, “Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes for P-Type Ohmic Contacts to GaN Light-Emitting Diodes”, Nano Lett., Vol. 4, pp. 911-914.
  • Olson, D. C., Piris, J., Colins, R.T., Shaheen, S. E., Ginley, D. S., 2006, “Hybrid Photovoltaic Devices of Polymer and ZnO Nanofiber Composites”, Thin Solid Films, Vol. 496, pp. 26-29.
  • Özgür, Ü., Alivov, Y. I., Liu, C., Teke, A., Reshchikov, M. A., Doğan, S., Avrutin,V., Cho, S. J., Morkoç, H., 2005, “A Comprehensive Review of ZnO Materials and Devices”, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 98, pp. 041301-041403.
  • Park, W. I., Kim, J. S., Jung, S. W., Yi, G. C, 2002, “Metalorganic Vapor-Phase Epitaxial Growth of Vertically Well-Aligned ZnO Nanorods“, Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 80, pp. 4232-4234.
  • Paul, G. K., Bhaumik, A., Patra, A. S., Bera, S. K., 2007, “Enhanced Photo-Electric Response of ZnO/Polyaniline Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Films”, Mater. Chem. and Phys., Vol. 106, pp.360-363.
  • Pouget, J. P., Hsu, C. H., MacDiarmid, A. G., Epstein, A. J., 1995, “Structural Investigation of Metallic PAN-CSA and Some of Its Derivatives”, Synthetic Metals, Vol. 69, pp. 119-120.
  • Sailor, M. J., Ginsburg, E. J., Gorman, C. B., Kumar, A., Grubbs, R. H., Lewis, N. S., 1990, “Thin Films of n-Si/Poly-(CH3)3Si-Cyclooctatetraene: Conducting-Polymer Solar Cells and Layered Structures”, Science, Vol. 249, pp. 1146-1149.
  • Sharm, S. P., Suryanarayana, M. V. S., Nigam, A. K., Chauhan, A. S., Tomar, L. N. S., 2009, “[PANI/ZnO] Composite: Catalyst for Solvent-Free Selective Oxidation of Sulfides”, Catalysis Communications, Vol. 10, pp. 905-912.
  • Sharma, B. K., Gupta, A. K., Dhawan, S. K., Gupta, H. C., 2009, “Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline–ZnO Composite and Its Dielectric Behavior”, Synthetic Metals, Vol. 159, pp. 391395.
  • Sharma, B. K., Khare, N., Dhawan, S. K., Gupta, H. C., 2009, “Dielectric Properties of Nano ZnOPolyaniline Composite in the Microwave Frequency Range”, J. Alloys and Comp., Vol. 477, pp. 370-373.
  • Singla, M. L., Sajeela, A., Srivastava, A., Jain, D. V. S., 2007, “Effect of Doping of Organic and Inorganic Acids on Polyaniline/Mn3O4 Composite for NTC and Conductivity Behaviour”, Sensors and Actuators A, Vol.136, pp. 604-612.
  • Sui, X. M., Shao, C. L., Liu, Y. C., 2005, “White-Light Emission of Polyvinylalcohol/ZnO Hybrid Nanofibers Prepared by Electrospinning”, Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 87, pp. 113-115.
  • Wang, X., Li, Y., Zhao, Y., Liu, J., Saide, T., Feng, W., 2010, “Synthesis of PANI Nanostructures with Various Morphologies from Fibers to Micromats to Disks Doped with Salicylic Acid”, Synthetic Metals, Vol. 160, pp 2008-2014).
  • Wang, X., Summers, C. J., Wang, Z. L., 2005 “Self-attraction among Aligned Au/ZnO Nanorods under Electron Beam”, Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol.86, pp. 013111-2.
  • Xu, Z. X., Roy, V. A. L., Stallinga, P., Muccini, M., Toffanin, S., Xiang, H. F., Che, C. M., 2007, “Nanocomposite Field Effect Transistors based on Zinc Oxide/Polymer Blends”, Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 90, pp. 223509-223511.
  • Yan, Y., Zhang, S. B., Pantelides, S. T., 2001, “Control of Doping by Impurity Chemical Potentials: Predictions for p-Type ZnO”, Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 86, pp. 5723-5726.
  • Yang, R., Wang, Z. L., 2005, ”Interpenetrative and Transverse Growth Process of Self-Catalyzed ZnO Nanorods”, Solid State Commun., Vol.134, pp.741-745.
  • Zamferiscu, M., Kavokin, A., Gil B., Malpuech, G., Kaliteevski, M., 2002, “ZnO as a Material Mostly Adapted for the Realization of Room-Temperature Polariton Lasers“, Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 65, pp. 161205-161208.
  • 20 V.ESKİZEYBEK, H. GÜLCE, A. GÜLCE, A. AVCI, E. AKGÜL Zhang, M., Fang, S. L., Zakhidov, A. A., Lee, S. B., Aliev, A. E., Williams, C. D., Atkinson, K. R., Baughman, R. H., 2004, “Strong, Transparent, Multifunctional, Carbon Nanotube Sheets”, Science, Vol. 309, pp. 1215-1219 (2004).

PREPARATION OF POLYANILINE/ZnO NANOCOMPOSITES BY USING ARC-DISCHARGE SYNTHESIZED ZNO NANOPARTICLES AND PHOTOCATALYTIC APPLICATIONS

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 4, 111 - 120, 01.12.2012

Öz

Polyaniline (PANI) and PANI/ZnO nanocomposites were synthesized by the chemical oxidative polymerization of aniline and aniline with the presence of ZnO nanoparticles, respectively. The ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by arc-discharge method were used in this study to produce PANI/ZnO nanocomposites. Aniline/ZnO nanoparticles molar ratio was changed to investigate the effect of ZnO nanoparticles to the characteristic of the PANI. The scanning electron microscope analysis showed that ZnO nanoparticles were completely dispersed in PANI matrix homogeneously. It is revealed that shifting to the higher wavenumbers occurred by the increasing ZnO nanoparticle content in fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. Furthermore, degradation of malachite green in aqueous solution was carried out with the prepared nanocomposites under ultraviolet irradiation. The experimental results showed that 1.2 g/L of the nanocomposite could catalyze green solution above 98% after 180 min of irradiation.

Kaynakça

  • Ameen, S.,. Akhtar, M. S, Kim, Y. S., Yang, O., Shin, H., 2011, “An Effective Nanocomposite of Polyaniline and ZnO: Preparation, Characterizations, and Its Photocatalytic Activity”, Colloid Polym. Sci., Vol. 289, pp. 415-421.
  • Bae, H. S., Yoon, M. H., Kim, J. H., Im, S., 2003, “Photodetecting Properties of ZnO-Based Thin-Film Transistors”, Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 83, pp. 5313-5315.
  • Banerjee, D., Rybczynski, J., Huang, J. Y., Wang, D. Z., Kempa, K., Ren, Z. F., 2005, “Large Hexagonal Arrays of Aligned ZnO Nanorods”, Appl. Phys. A, Vol. 80, pp. 749-752.
  • Beek, B. W. J. E., Slooff, L. H., Wienk, M. N., Kroon, J. M., Janseen, R. A. J., 2005, “Hybrid Solar Cells Using a Zinc Oxide Precursor and a Conjugated Polymer”, Adv. Funct. Mater., Vol. 15, pp. 1703-1707.
  • Chang, M., Cao, X. L., Zeng, H., Zhang, L., 2004, “Enhancement of the Ultraviolet Emission of ZnO Nanostructures by Polyaniline Modification”, Chem. Phys. Letters, Vol. 446, pp. 370 -373.
  • Cho, S., Ma, J., Kim, Y., Sun, Y., Wong, G. K. L., Ketterson, J. B., 1999, “Photoluminescence and Ultraviolet Lasing of Polycrystalline ZnO Thin Films Prepared by the Oxidation of the Metallic Zn”, Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 75, pp. 2761-2763.
  • Eskizeybek, V., Demir, O., Avcı, A., Chhowalla, M. J., 2011, “Synthesis and Characterization of Cadmium Hydroxide Nanowires by Arc Discharge Method in De-ionized Water”, Nanoparticle Research, Vol. 13,pp. 4673-4680.
  • Gangopadhyay, R., De A., 2000, “Conducting Polymer Nanocomposites: A Brief Overview”, Chem. Mater., Vol 12, pp. 608-622.
  • Gustafsson, G., Cao, Y., Treacy, G. M., Klavetter, F., Colaneri, N., Heeger, A., 1992, “Flexible LightEmitting Diodes Made From Soluble Conducting Polymers”, Nature, Vol. 357, pp. 477-479.
  • He, Y., 2004, “Preparation of Polyaniline/Nano-ZnO Composites via a novel pickering emulsion route”, Powder Technology, Vol.147, pp. 59-63.
  • He, Y., 2005, “A Novel Emulsion Route to Sub-Micrometer Polyaniline/Nano-ZnO Composite Fibers” App. Surface Sci., Vol. 249, pp. 1-6.
  • Preparation of polyaniline/ZnO nanocomposites by using arc-discharge synthesized ZnO nanoparticles... 119 Khan, A. A, Khalid, M., 2010, “Synthesis of Nano-Sized ZnO and Polyaniline-Zinc Oxide Composite: Characterization, Stability in terms of DC Electrical Conductivity Retention and Application In Ammonia Vapor Detection”, J. App. Polymer Science, Vol. 117, pp. 1601–1607.
  • Lee, K., Wu, Z., Chen, Z., Ren, F., Pearton, S. J., Rinzler, A. G., 2004, “Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes for P-Type Ohmic Contacts to GaN Light-Emitting Diodes”, Nano Lett., Vol. 4, pp. 911-914.
  • Olson, D. C., Piris, J., Colins, R.T., Shaheen, S. E., Ginley, D. S., 2006, “Hybrid Photovoltaic Devices of Polymer and ZnO Nanofiber Composites”, Thin Solid Films, Vol. 496, pp. 26-29.
  • Özgür, Ü., Alivov, Y. I., Liu, C., Teke, A., Reshchikov, M. A., Doğan, S., Avrutin,V., Cho, S. J., Morkoç, H., 2005, “A Comprehensive Review of ZnO Materials and Devices”, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 98, pp. 041301-041403.
  • Park, W. I., Kim, J. S., Jung, S. W., Yi, G. C, 2002, “Metalorganic Vapor-Phase Epitaxial Growth of Vertically Well-Aligned ZnO Nanorods“, Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 80, pp. 4232-4234.
  • Paul, G. K., Bhaumik, A., Patra, A. S., Bera, S. K., 2007, “Enhanced Photo-Electric Response of ZnO/Polyaniline Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Films”, Mater. Chem. and Phys., Vol. 106, pp.360-363.
  • Pouget, J. P., Hsu, C. H., MacDiarmid, A. G., Epstein, A. J., 1995, “Structural Investigation of Metallic PAN-CSA and Some of Its Derivatives”, Synthetic Metals, Vol. 69, pp. 119-120.
  • Sailor, M. J., Ginsburg, E. J., Gorman, C. B., Kumar, A., Grubbs, R. H., Lewis, N. S., 1990, “Thin Films of n-Si/Poly-(CH3)3Si-Cyclooctatetraene: Conducting-Polymer Solar Cells and Layered Structures”, Science, Vol. 249, pp. 1146-1149.
  • Sharm, S. P., Suryanarayana, M. V. S., Nigam, A. K., Chauhan, A. S., Tomar, L. N. S., 2009, “[PANI/ZnO] Composite: Catalyst for Solvent-Free Selective Oxidation of Sulfides”, Catalysis Communications, Vol. 10, pp. 905-912.
  • Sharma, B. K., Gupta, A. K., Dhawan, S. K., Gupta, H. C., 2009, “Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline–ZnO Composite and Its Dielectric Behavior”, Synthetic Metals, Vol. 159, pp. 391395.
  • Sharma, B. K., Khare, N., Dhawan, S. K., Gupta, H. C., 2009, “Dielectric Properties of Nano ZnOPolyaniline Composite in the Microwave Frequency Range”, J. Alloys and Comp., Vol. 477, pp. 370-373.
  • Singla, M. L., Sajeela, A., Srivastava, A., Jain, D. V. S., 2007, “Effect of Doping of Organic and Inorganic Acids on Polyaniline/Mn3O4 Composite for NTC and Conductivity Behaviour”, Sensors and Actuators A, Vol.136, pp. 604-612.
  • Sui, X. M., Shao, C. L., Liu, Y. C., 2005, “White-Light Emission of Polyvinylalcohol/ZnO Hybrid Nanofibers Prepared by Electrospinning”, Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 87, pp. 113-115.
  • Wang, X., Li, Y., Zhao, Y., Liu, J., Saide, T., Feng, W., 2010, “Synthesis of PANI Nanostructures with Various Morphologies from Fibers to Micromats to Disks Doped with Salicylic Acid”, Synthetic Metals, Vol. 160, pp 2008-2014).
  • Wang, X., Summers, C. J., Wang, Z. L., 2005 “Self-attraction among Aligned Au/ZnO Nanorods under Electron Beam”, Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol.86, pp. 013111-2.
  • Xu, Z. X., Roy, V. A. L., Stallinga, P., Muccini, M., Toffanin, S., Xiang, H. F., Che, C. M., 2007, “Nanocomposite Field Effect Transistors based on Zinc Oxide/Polymer Blends”, Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 90, pp. 223509-223511.
  • Yan, Y., Zhang, S. B., Pantelides, S. T., 2001, “Control of Doping by Impurity Chemical Potentials: Predictions for p-Type ZnO”, Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 86, pp. 5723-5726.
  • Yang, R., Wang, Z. L., 2005, ”Interpenetrative and Transverse Growth Process of Self-Catalyzed ZnO Nanorods”, Solid State Commun., Vol.134, pp.741-745.
  • Zamferiscu, M., Kavokin, A., Gil B., Malpuech, G., Kaliteevski, M., 2002, “ZnO as a Material Mostly Adapted for the Realization of Room-Temperature Polariton Lasers“, Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 65, pp. 161205-161208.
  • 20 V.ESKİZEYBEK, H. GÜLCE, A. GÜLCE, A. AVCI, E. AKGÜL Zhang, M., Fang, S. L., Zakhidov, A. A., Lee, S. B., Aliev, A. E., Williams, C. D., Atkinson, K. R., Baughman, R. H., 2004, “Strong, Transparent, Multifunctional, Carbon Nanotube Sheets”, Science, Vol. 309, pp. 1215-1219 (2004).
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA47DV43SD
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Volkan Eskizeybek Bu kişi benim

Handan Gülce Bu kişi benim

Ahmet Gülce Bu kişi benim

Ahmet Avcı Bu kişi benim

Eda Akgül Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2012
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2012 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Eskizeybek, V., Gülce, H., Gülce, A., Avcı, A., vd. (2012). Ark-Deşarj Yöntemi ile Sentezlenen ZnO Nanoparçacıkları Kullanılarak Hazırlanan Polianilin/ZnO Nanokompozitleri ve Fotokatalitik Uygulamaları. Selçuk Üniversitesi Mühendislik, Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 27(4), 111-120.
AMA Eskizeybek V, Gülce H, Gülce A, Avcı A, Akgül E. Ark-Deşarj Yöntemi ile Sentezlenen ZnO Nanoparçacıkları Kullanılarak Hazırlanan Polianilin/ZnO Nanokompozitleri ve Fotokatalitik Uygulamaları. sujest. Aralık 2012;27(4):111-120.
Chicago Eskizeybek, Volkan, Handan Gülce, Ahmet Gülce, Ahmet Avcı, ve Eda Akgül. “Ark-Deşarj Yöntemi Ile Sentezlenen ZnO Nanoparçacıkları Kullanılarak Hazırlanan Polianilin/ZnO Nanokompozitleri Ve Fotokatalitik Uygulamaları”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Mühendislik, Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi 27, sy. 4 (Aralık 2012): 111-20.
EndNote Eskizeybek V, Gülce H, Gülce A, Avcı A, Akgül E (01 Aralık 2012) Ark-Deşarj Yöntemi ile Sentezlenen ZnO Nanoparçacıkları Kullanılarak Hazırlanan Polianilin/ZnO Nanokompozitleri ve Fotokatalitik Uygulamaları. Selçuk Üniversitesi Mühendislik, Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi 27 4 111–120.
IEEE V. Eskizeybek, H. Gülce, A. Gülce, A. Avcı, ve E. Akgül, “Ark-Deşarj Yöntemi ile Sentezlenen ZnO Nanoparçacıkları Kullanılarak Hazırlanan Polianilin/ZnO Nanokompozitleri ve Fotokatalitik Uygulamaları”, sujest, c. 27, sy. 4, ss. 111–120, 2012.
ISNAD Eskizeybek, Volkan vd. “Ark-Deşarj Yöntemi Ile Sentezlenen ZnO Nanoparçacıkları Kullanılarak Hazırlanan Polianilin/ZnO Nanokompozitleri Ve Fotokatalitik Uygulamaları”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Mühendislik, Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi 27/4 (Aralık 2012), 111-120.
JAMA Eskizeybek V, Gülce H, Gülce A, Avcı A, Akgül E. Ark-Deşarj Yöntemi ile Sentezlenen ZnO Nanoparçacıkları Kullanılarak Hazırlanan Polianilin/ZnO Nanokompozitleri ve Fotokatalitik Uygulamaları. sujest. 2012;27:111–120.
MLA Eskizeybek, Volkan vd. “Ark-Deşarj Yöntemi Ile Sentezlenen ZnO Nanoparçacıkları Kullanılarak Hazırlanan Polianilin/ZnO Nanokompozitleri Ve Fotokatalitik Uygulamaları”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Mühendislik, Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, c. 27, sy. 4, 2012, ss. 111-20.
Vancouver Eskizeybek V, Gülce H, Gülce A, Avcı A, Akgül E. Ark-Deşarj Yöntemi ile Sentezlenen ZnO Nanoparçacıkları Kullanılarak Hazırlanan Polianilin/ZnO Nanokompozitleri ve Fotokatalitik Uygulamaları. sujest. 2012;27(4):111-20.

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