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Türkiye’nin Kuzeyindeki Zeminler İçin Farklı Sıcaklıklarda Tek Nokta Likit Limit Deneyindeki Üstel Katsayı

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 4, 643 - 653, 01.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.15317/Scitech.2018.158

Öz

Bu çalışmada ASTM D4318-17 tarafından önerilen tek nokta likit limit saptama denklemindeki üstel katsayı Türkiye’de Doğu Karadeniz bölgesinde bulunan ayrışmış volkanik zeminler için belirlenmiştir. Numuneler 0.2 m ila 4 m derinliklerden, Rize’den 8 sahadan ve Trabzon’dan 1 sahadan alınmış olup toplamda 35 adettir ve bu numunelerle 77 adet Atterberg kıvam limitleri deneyi yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada 3 farklı numune hazırlama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bunlar (1) herhangi bir ısıtmaya maruz bırakılmadan doğal su muhtevasından numune hazırlama, (2) 60C fırında kurutulduktan sonra hazırlama ve (3) 110C fırında kurutulduktan sonra hazırlamadır. Tek nokta likit limit saptama denklemindeki üstel katsayı, farklı yöntemlerle hazırlanan numuneler için hesaplanmış ve bu üstel katsayı ASTM D4318-17 standardında tavsiye edilen değer ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada kullanılan zeminler Plastisite abağında ML-OL ve MH-OH sınıfında olup likit limit değerleri %35 ile %103 arasında değişmektedir (ıslak hazırlama yöntemi ile). Öte yandan çok nokta yöntemiyle belirlenmiş olan likit limit değerleri ile tek nokta yöntemiyle belirlenen değerlerin birbirine yakın olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak farklı numune hazırlama tekniklerinin üstel katsayı değeri 0.106 ila 0.133 arasında olup, ortalama değer olarak 0.120 elde edilmiş ve bu değerlerin ASTMD4318-17 de tavsiye edilen 0.121 değerine yakın olduğu görülmüş ve bu farklılıkların likit limit değerlerinde ihmal edilebilir bir farklılığa yol açtığı sonucuna varılmıştır (0-%2).

Kaynakça

  • ASTM D2487-11, Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (unified soil classification system), ASTM International.
  • ASTM D4318–10, Standard Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils, ASTM International.
  • Atterberg, A., 1911, “Uber die physikalische bodenuntei suchung and uber die plastizitat der tone int. mitt far bodenkunde”, Berlin, 1.
  • Casagrande, A., 1932, “Research on the Atterberg Limits of Soils”, Public Roads, Vol.13, pp.121-136
  • DIN 18 121 Teil 1, Teil 2, Wassergehalt,
  • DIN 18 122 Teil 1, Teil 2, Zustandsgrenzen (Konsistenzgrenzen),
  • Eden, W. J., 1955, “Trial of One-Point Liquid Limit Method”, Proceedings of Ninth Canadian Soil Mechanics Conference, Ottawa, December 15th to 16th 1955 (National Research Council for Canada), Appendix A. Eden, W. 1960. Use of a one-point liquid limit procedure. In Papers on Soils 1959 Meetings. ASTM International.
  • Haigh, S. K., Vardanega, P. J., 2014, “Fundamental Basis of Single-point Liquid Limit Measurement Approaches”, Applied Clay Science, Vol. 102, pp. 8-14
  • Jain, L.C., Patwardhan, N.K., 1960, “Physical Properties of Soils from the Ganges Valley”, Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Vol. 19A(4), pp. 162-167.
  • Jefferson, I., Rogers, C. D. F., 1998, “Liquid Limit and the Temperature Sensitivity of Clays”, Engineering Geology, Vol. 49(2), pp. 95-109.
  • Kanıt, R., Özer, M., Özdemir, Ş., 2006, “Effect of Sample Preparation Method on the Cone Penetration Liquid Limit Value (Örnek Hazırlama Yönteminin Koni Batma Likit Limit Değerine Etkisi)”, Journal of Selcuk-Technic, Volume 5, Number: 3-2006.
  • Kim, J. B., 1973, “A study on the General and One Point Method of Test for Liquid Limit Procedure”, Journal of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers, Vol. 15(4), pp. 3153-3159.
  • Mohan, D., Goel, R. K., 1958, “Rapid Methods of Determining Liquid Limit of Soils”, Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research (India) A 17, pp.498-501
  • Norman, L.E. J., 1959, “The One-Point Method of Determining the value of the Liquid Limit of a Soil”, Geotechnique, Vol. 9 (1), pp.1-8
  • Olmstead, F. R., Johnston, C. M., 1955, “Rapid Methods for Determining Liquid Limits of Soils”, Highway Research Board Bulletin, (95).
  • Orhan, M., Özer, M. 2006, “Comparison of Casagrande and Cone Penetration Methods in Determination of Liqid Limit of Natural Soils”, Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, Vol. 21(4).
  • Önalp, A., Kılıç, C., 1994, “One Point Method for Liquid Limit of Clays of Eastern Black Sea”, Proceedings of the 5th National Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering Conference, Ankara, 155-160. (in Turkish)
  • Önalp, A., Arel, E., 2013, “Determination of Liquid Limit of Clays from European Section of İstanbul (Likit limitin tek nokta yöntemi ile ölçümü ve İstanbul killerinde uygulama)”, 5. Geoteknik Sempozyumu, 5-7 Aralık 2013, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana (in Turkish).
  • Özer, M., 2008, “Effects of Sample Preparation on the Liquid Limit Determined by Cone Penetration Test”, Journal of Faculty of Engineering, Architecture, Gazi University, Vol. 23, (3), pp.689-698.
  • Roje-Bonacci, T., 2004, “Liquid Limit Determination of the High Plastic Clays by One-Point Method”, 4th Slovenian Geotechnical Congress and 5th Sukljetovi days, p. 199-204.
  • Stanchi, S., Catoni, M., D'Amico, M. E., Falsone, G., Bonifacio, E., 2017, “Liquid and Plastic Limits of Clayey, Organic C-rich Mountain Soils: Role of Organic Matter and Mineralogy”, Catena, Vol. 151, pp.238-246.
  • Terzaghi, K., Peck, R. B., Mesri, G., 1996, Soil Mechanics In Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons. US Waterways, 1949, Simplification of the Liquid Limit Test Procedure, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station, Technical Memorandum No. 3-286, 64 p.
  • Uysal, A., 2004, Adapazarı ve Civarında Likit Limit Deneyinde Kullanılacak β Katsayısının Bulunması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Sakarya Üniversitesi.
  • Zolfaghari, Z., Mosaddeghi, M. R., Ayoubi, S., Kelishadi, H., 2015, “Soil Atterberg Limits and Consistency Indices as Influenced by Land use and Slope Position in Western Iran”, Journal of Mountain Science, Vol. 12(6), pp. 1471-1483.

POWER COEFFICIENT IN ONE POINT LIQUID LIMIT TEST FOR SOILS OF NORTHERN TURKEY AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 4, 643 - 653, 01.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.15317/Scitech.2018.158

Öz

In this study, the power coefficient of one-point liquid limit equation given by ASTM 4318-17 is evaluated for weathered volcanic deposits of Northern Turkey. Total of 35 soil samples taken from depths ranging from 0.2 m to 4 m from 8 different sites in the city of Rize and one site in Trabzon, Turkey are used, and a total of 77 Atterberg limit tests are conducted. Three different sample preparation methods are used: (1) starting from in-situ moisture content without any drying, (2) drying at 60C oven, (3) drying at 110C oven. For liquid limit determination by one-point method, the best fitting power coefficient is evaluated for different sample preparation conditions separately, and are compared with the power coefficient suggested by ASTM D4318-17. Soils used in this study are in ML-OL to MH-OH zones in plasticity chart and the liquid limit values vary in the range of 35% to 103% (moist preparation). Liquid limits obtained by multi-point method and the ones obtained by one-point method are found to be similar to each other. It is concluded that although the power coefficient changes (in the range of 0.106 to 0.133 with an average value of 0.120) due to sample preparation technique, they are close to ASTM-suggested power value of 0.121, and the differences in resulting liquid limits are negligibly small (0-2%).

Kaynakça

  • ASTM D2487-11, Standard Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (unified soil classification system), ASTM International.
  • ASTM D4318–10, Standard Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils, ASTM International.
  • Atterberg, A., 1911, “Uber die physikalische bodenuntei suchung and uber die plastizitat der tone int. mitt far bodenkunde”, Berlin, 1.
  • Casagrande, A., 1932, “Research on the Atterberg Limits of Soils”, Public Roads, Vol.13, pp.121-136
  • DIN 18 121 Teil 1, Teil 2, Wassergehalt,
  • DIN 18 122 Teil 1, Teil 2, Zustandsgrenzen (Konsistenzgrenzen),
  • Eden, W. J., 1955, “Trial of One-Point Liquid Limit Method”, Proceedings of Ninth Canadian Soil Mechanics Conference, Ottawa, December 15th to 16th 1955 (National Research Council for Canada), Appendix A. Eden, W. 1960. Use of a one-point liquid limit procedure. In Papers on Soils 1959 Meetings. ASTM International.
  • Haigh, S. K., Vardanega, P. J., 2014, “Fundamental Basis of Single-point Liquid Limit Measurement Approaches”, Applied Clay Science, Vol. 102, pp. 8-14
  • Jain, L.C., Patwardhan, N.K., 1960, “Physical Properties of Soils from the Ganges Valley”, Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research (India), Vol. 19A(4), pp. 162-167.
  • Jefferson, I., Rogers, C. D. F., 1998, “Liquid Limit and the Temperature Sensitivity of Clays”, Engineering Geology, Vol. 49(2), pp. 95-109.
  • Kanıt, R., Özer, M., Özdemir, Ş., 2006, “Effect of Sample Preparation Method on the Cone Penetration Liquid Limit Value (Örnek Hazırlama Yönteminin Koni Batma Likit Limit Değerine Etkisi)”, Journal of Selcuk-Technic, Volume 5, Number: 3-2006.
  • Kim, J. B., 1973, “A study on the General and One Point Method of Test for Liquid Limit Procedure”, Journal of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers, Vol. 15(4), pp. 3153-3159.
  • Mohan, D., Goel, R. K., 1958, “Rapid Methods of Determining Liquid Limit of Soils”, Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research (India) A 17, pp.498-501
  • Norman, L.E. J., 1959, “The One-Point Method of Determining the value of the Liquid Limit of a Soil”, Geotechnique, Vol. 9 (1), pp.1-8
  • Olmstead, F. R., Johnston, C. M., 1955, “Rapid Methods for Determining Liquid Limits of Soils”, Highway Research Board Bulletin, (95).
  • Orhan, M., Özer, M. 2006, “Comparison of Casagrande and Cone Penetration Methods in Determination of Liqid Limit of Natural Soils”, Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, Vol. 21(4).
  • Önalp, A., Kılıç, C., 1994, “One Point Method for Liquid Limit of Clays of Eastern Black Sea”, Proceedings of the 5th National Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering Conference, Ankara, 155-160. (in Turkish)
  • Önalp, A., Arel, E., 2013, “Determination of Liquid Limit of Clays from European Section of İstanbul (Likit limitin tek nokta yöntemi ile ölçümü ve İstanbul killerinde uygulama)”, 5. Geoteknik Sempozyumu, 5-7 Aralık 2013, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana (in Turkish).
  • Özer, M., 2008, “Effects of Sample Preparation on the Liquid Limit Determined by Cone Penetration Test”, Journal of Faculty of Engineering, Architecture, Gazi University, Vol. 23, (3), pp.689-698.
  • Roje-Bonacci, T., 2004, “Liquid Limit Determination of the High Plastic Clays by One-Point Method”, 4th Slovenian Geotechnical Congress and 5th Sukljetovi days, p. 199-204.
  • Stanchi, S., Catoni, M., D'Amico, M. E., Falsone, G., Bonifacio, E., 2017, “Liquid and Plastic Limits of Clayey, Organic C-rich Mountain Soils: Role of Organic Matter and Mineralogy”, Catena, Vol. 151, pp.238-246.
  • Terzaghi, K., Peck, R. B., Mesri, G., 1996, Soil Mechanics In Engineering Practice, John Wiley & Sons. US Waterways, 1949, Simplification of the Liquid Limit Test Procedure, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station, Technical Memorandum No. 3-286, 64 p.
  • Uysal, A., 2004, Adapazarı ve Civarında Likit Limit Deneyinde Kullanılacak β Katsayısının Bulunması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Sakarya Üniversitesi.
  • Zolfaghari, Z., Mosaddeghi, M. R., Ayoubi, S., Kelishadi, H., 2015, “Soil Atterberg Limits and Consistency Indices as Influenced by Land use and Slope Position in Western Iran”, Journal of Mountain Science, Vol. 12(6), pp. 1471-1483.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Emre Üyetürk Bu kişi benim

Nejan Huvaj

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Aralık 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Üyetürk, E., & Huvaj, N. (2018). POWER COEFFICIENT IN ONE POINT LIQUID LIMIT TEST FOR SOILS OF NORTHERN TURKEY AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES. Selçuk Üniversitesi Mühendislik, Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 6(4), 643-653. https://doi.org/10.15317/Scitech.2018.158
AMA Üyetürk E, Huvaj N. POWER COEFFICIENT IN ONE POINT LIQUID LIMIT TEST FOR SOILS OF NORTHERN TURKEY AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES. sujest. Aralık 2018;6(4):643-653. doi:10.15317/Scitech.2018.158
Chicago Üyetürk, Emre, ve Nejan Huvaj. “POWER COEFFICIENT IN ONE POINT LIQUID LIMIT TEST FOR SOILS OF NORTHERN TURKEY AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Mühendislik, Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi 6, sy. 4 (Aralık 2018): 643-53. https://doi.org/10.15317/Scitech.2018.158.
EndNote Üyetürk E, Huvaj N (01 Aralık 2018) POWER COEFFICIENT IN ONE POINT LIQUID LIMIT TEST FOR SOILS OF NORTHERN TURKEY AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES. Selçuk Üniversitesi Mühendislik, Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi 6 4 643–653.
IEEE E. Üyetürk ve N. Huvaj, “POWER COEFFICIENT IN ONE POINT LIQUID LIMIT TEST FOR SOILS OF NORTHERN TURKEY AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES”, sujest, c. 6, sy. 4, ss. 643–653, 2018, doi: 10.15317/Scitech.2018.158.
ISNAD Üyetürk, Emre - Huvaj, Nejan. “POWER COEFFICIENT IN ONE POINT LIQUID LIMIT TEST FOR SOILS OF NORTHERN TURKEY AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Mühendislik, Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi 6/4 (Aralık 2018), 643-653. https://doi.org/10.15317/Scitech.2018.158.
JAMA Üyetürk E, Huvaj N. POWER COEFFICIENT IN ONE POINT LIQUID LIMIT TEST FOR SOILS OF NORTHERN TURKEY AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES. sujest. 2018;6:643–653.
MLA Üyetürk, Emre ve Nejan Huvaj. “POWER COEFFICIENT IN ONE POINT LIQUID LIMIT TEST FOR SOILS OF NORTHERN TURKEY AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Mühendislik, Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, c. 6, sy. 4, 2018, ss. 643-5, doi:10.15317/Scitech.2018.158.
Vancouver Üyetürk E, Huvaj N. POWER COEFFICIENT IN ONE POINT LIQUID LIMIT TEST FOR SOILS OF NORTHERN TURKEY AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES. sujest. 2018;6(4):643-5.

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