Yeşil Büyüme mi, Gri Gelecek mi? Next 11 Ülkelerinden Bulgular

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 58, 211 - 224, 30.12.2025

Gökay Canberk Buluş

https://doi.org/10.52642/susbed.1776038

Öz

Bu çalışma, Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi (EKC) kavramsal çerçevesinde, 1986-2023 dönemi için Next Eleven (N11) ülkeleri için CO₂ emisyonları, kişi başına gelir (GSYİH), kişi başına yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi, toplam kişi başına enerji kullanımı ve ticaret açıklığı arasındaki ilişkiyi kapsamlı bir şekilde analiz etmektedir. Statik ve dinamik panel veri tahmin tekniklerini kullanarak, araştırma yalnızca ekonomik büyüme, enerji kullanımı ve çevresel sonuçlar arasındaki anlık etkileşimleri değil, aynı zamanda uzun vadeli etkileşimleri de ele almaktadır. Ampirik sonuçlar, kişi başına düşen gelirin artmasının ve geleneksel enerji kaynaklarına olan bağımlılığın artmasının, hızlı sanayileşme ve ekonomik genişlemenin çevresel maliyetlerini yansıtan, N11 ülkelerinde CO₂ emisyonlarının önemli itici güçleri olduğunu göstermektedir. Buna karşılık, yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminin yüksek seviyelerde olmasının emisyonların azaltılmasında önemli bir rol oynadığı ve sürdürülebilir enerji sistemlerine geçişin önemini vurguladığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca, EKC hipotezinin doğrulanması, ekonomik büyüme ile çevre kalitesi arasında doğrusal olmayan bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bulgular, N11 ülkelerinin kirliliği azaltmak ve sürdürülebilir kalkınmayı desteklemek için yenilenebilir enerji altyapısına yatırımı hızlandıran, enerji verimliliğini artıran ve çevre hususlarını büyüme stratejilerine entegre eden politikalar benimsemelerinin acil bir ihtiyaç olduğunu vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

EKC , Yenilenebilir Enerji , Next 11 Ülkeleri , Havuzlanmış Ortalama Grup

Green Growth or Grey Future? Evidence from Next 11 Countries

Öz

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between CO₂ emissions, per capita income (GDP), per capita renewable energy consumption, overall per capita energy use, and trade openness for the Next Eleven (N11) countries over the period 1986–2023, within the conceptual framework of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). By employing both static and dynamic panel data estimation techniques, the research captures not only the immediate but also the long-term interactions between economic growth, energy use, and environmental outcomes. The empirical results indicate that rising per capita income and increased reliance on conventional energy sources are significant drivers of CO₂ emissions in N11 countries, reflecting the environmental costs of rapid industrialization and economic expansion. In contrast, higher levels of renewable energy consumption are found to play a crucial role in reducing emissions, emphasizing the importance of transitioning towards sustainable energy systems. Additionally, the validation of the EKC hypothesis suggests a non-linear relationship between economic growth and environmental quality. These findings highlight the urgent need for N11 countries to adopt policies that accelerate investment in renewable energy infrastructure, enhance energy efficiency, and integrate environmental considerations into their growth strategies in order to mitigate pollution and support sustainable development.

Anahtar Kelimeler

EKC , Renewable Energy , Next 11 Countries , Pooled Mean Group

Kaynakça

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