Tunç Çağı’nda Mezopotamya’da Lapis Lazulinin Temini, Kullanımı ve Önemi

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 45, 160 - 181, 29.04.2021

Hatice Uyanık Ayşe Nur Morkoç

https://doi.org/10.52642/susbed.898759

Cited By: 2

Öz

Lapis lazuli, ana bileşeni lazurit minerali, kalsit, pirit ve diğer silikatlarla birlikte birkaç farklı mineralin bileşiminden oluşan mavi renkli, yarı şeffaf-opak nitelikli bir taştır. Lapis lazuli, doğada çok kolay bulunan bir taş değildir. Bu taşın elde edildiği dünyadaki ana üretim alanları Güney Amerika, Baykal Gölü ve Afganistan’ın Bedahşan bölgesidir. Çalışma sahamızı oluşturan Mezopotamya coğrafyasında lapis lazuli kaynağı yoktur. Buna rağmen lapis lazulinin, Mezopotamya’da erken tarihlerden itibaren tanındığı bilinmektedir. Tunç Çağı’na gelindiğinde ise Mezopotamya uygarlıklarınca özellikle de Sumerler tarafından beğenilen ve elde edilmek istenen bir taş olduğu görülmektedir. Mezopotamya uygarlıkları, bu taşı kendileri kullandıkları gibi onun Mısır ve Anadolu’ya taşınmasına da öncülük etmişlerdir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı Mezopotamya coğrafyasında bulunmamasına rağmen ithalatı yapılan değerli taşlar arasında görülen lapis lazulinin, Tunç Çağı’nda Mezopotamya uygarlıklarınca hangi kaynaklardan temin edildiği, bölgeye nasıl ulaştığı, hangi alanlarda kullanım gördüğü ve bu taşa ne tür anlamlar yüklendiğini ortaya çıkarmaktır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Lapis lazuli, Bedahşan, Ticaret, Boncuk, Maden

Kaynakça

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