Güven ya da Sosyal Sermaye Nedir?: Konya Sanayi Bölgesinde Sahip/Yöneticiler Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Ülkelerin ekonomik değerlerinin oluşumu kadar bu değerlerin oluşumuna ilişkin toplumsal değerlerin niteliği ile insanlar ve kurumlar arasındaki bağlar da önem kazanmaktadır. Artan refah düzeyinin nitelikli bir hale gelmesi ve bireylerin güven unsurundan yola çıkarak paylaşım amacınıbelirlemesi, toplumsal hedeflere ulaşılmayıkolaylaştırmaktadır. Bu bağlamda bireylerin topluma bakışaçıları, kurumlar ile olan ilişkileri ve birbirlerine duyduklarıgüven ağilişkilerinin hangi düzeyde olduğunun tanımlanmasınısağlayacaktır. Her bir bağsayısıve sayının niteliği güven algılamasının anlaşılmasına da yardımcıolacaktır. Yapılan çalışmada öncelikle anılan değerleri içeren sosyal sermaye kavramının kavramsal çerçevesi belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Daha sonra, bu kapsama bağlıolarak sosyal sermaye kavramının merkezinde olan ağilişkileri ele alınmışve sosyal sermayenin temel unsuru olan güvenin ne anlama geldiği irdelenmiştir. Ortaya konulmaya çalışılan kuramsal yapının uygulama karşılığıiçin öncelikle sosyal sermayenin ölçümüne ilişkin çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmalardan da yararlanılarak Konya’da faaliyet gösteren sanayi işletmelerinin sahip yöneticileri ana kütle olarak tanımlanmışve 120 işletme sahip/yönetici ile yüz yüze anket yöntemi kullanılarak sosyal sermayenin Konya için anlamıölçülmeye çalışılmıştır.

The bounds between the enterprises and people gain importance as much as formation of countries’ economical values and the quality of social values related to formation of economical value. In this context, point view of the individuals to the community, their relations with enterprises and trusting each other will provide determining the level of their network relations. Every link number and the qualitative of the number will also assist understanding the perception of the trust. Firstly framework of social capital concept which encloses the values mentioned previously was tried to be determined. Later by depending on this enclosure, the network relations which are in the center of social capital concept were handled and the meaning of trust which is the basic component of the social capital was explicated. According to Bourdieu, intensity and endurance of the conjunction is very important. Social capital represents the whole of real and potential sources depending on owning communication nets for a long time. However, according to Coleman, social capital is a concept that explains how people succeed in working together. According to Coleman social capital represents a source. Because social capital also contains reciprocity expectations and it’s beyond any individual to enclose wider communication network where the relationships are managed with high trust. Coleman has described the social capital apart from humanistic and physical capital whose profit is belong individuals, as a kind of perfect public capital which can be used by every element of the structure and not as a capital which can be used by only the creators of it. According to Putnam social capital is the property of social life and it provides collaboration for the participants like communication networks, norms and trust in order to sustain shared things Primarily the studies on the measurement of the social capital were examined for the application equivalent of the social structure which is tried to be introduced. By also benefiting these studies the owner managers of the industry enterprises operate in Konya were defined as main mass and significance of the social capital for Konya is tried to be measured by using a face to face inquiry method with 120 enterprise owner/manager. The survey was carried out on middle and top level managers with firm partners and owners of the enterprises operate in industrial zones in province center of Konya. There are 2376 enterprises in 98 small industrial estates. 38 of these are in the center of Konya and others are in all Konya. 1410 industrial enterprises of 1685 operate effectively in the center of Konya. 1225 enterprises were studied as a main mass. It was presumed that the managers of the enterprises operate in Konya namely the target mass may have the same features with the ratio of 90%, trust interval of the results have been wanted to be 95% and 0,05 was taken as a sampling mistake. Since the number of individuals in the target mass is known, sampling volume was determined by the following formula. At the application stage of this study a survey has been carried out related with measurement of social capital in the context of industry enterprises operate in Konya. Survey method was used in this research. Investigations were made in three parts based on “social networks”, “trust” and “relations” which were defined by Putnam as the instruments of social capital. Results of research; Konya are reliable, and they admitted that people think about their comfort before anything else. The reasons can be explained by economical problems. When the social capital increases also the economical development increases, economical development will increase the quality level of relations and provide national development