Sosyal Baltalama ve Çalışan Performansı İlişkisinde İş Stresi ve Duygusal Tükenmişliğin Rolü

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 41, 1 - 15, 01.02.2019

İlksun Didem Ülbeği Esengül İplik Azmi Yalçın

Öz

İşyerinde çalışanların yönetici ve iş arkadaşlarıyla kurduğu uyumlu ve destekleyici ilişkiler işi daha kolay ve keyifli yapmalarını sağlarken, gerilimli ilişkiler ise çalışanın psikolojik sağlığını olumsuz etkilemekte ve performanslarının düşmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda yapılan bu çalışma kapsamında işyerinde karşılaşılan olumsuz davranışlardan biri olan yönetici kaynaklı baltalama davranışı ile çalışan performansı arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiş, ayrıca iş stresi ve duygusal tükenmişliğin bu ilişkideki aracılık rolü ile birlikte seri aracılık rolü araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, araştırmada kullanılan veri Adana ilindeki özel ve kamu hastanelerinde görev yapan 367 hemşireden toplanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında ilk olarak yapısal geçerliği ortaya koymak amacıyla doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmış olup elde edilen değerler sonucunda χ/sd = 1,77; p < ,01; CFI = ,96; TLI = ,96; RMSEA = ,05; SRMR = ,03 modelin iyi uyum sağladığı ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca çalışmada kullanılan ölçeklerin güvenirliğine ilişkin olarak Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı dikkate alınmış ve sosyal baltalama, iş stresi, duygusal tükenme ve performans ölçeklerinin sırasıyla ,96; ,92; ,94 ve ,92 değerleriyle güvenilir olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler korelasyon analizi ile ortaya konulmuş olup elde edilen bulgular istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. Modelin test edilmesinde yapısal eşitlik modeli ve seri çoklu aracılık analizi bootstrap yöntemi dikkate alınarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları yönetici kaynaklı baltalama davranışının çalışan performansı ile negatif, iş stresi ve duygusal tükenmişlik ile ise pozitif ilişkili olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca bulgulara göre iş stresinin ve duygusal tükenmenin performans üzerinde negatif yönlü etkileri tespit edilmiştir. Bunların yanı sıra iş stresi ve duygusal tükenmenin pozitif yönlü ilişkileri olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca sosyal baltalama davranışının çalışan performansı üzerindeki etkisinde iş stresinin aracılık etkisi ortaya konulmuştur. Benzer şekilde sosyal baltalama davranışının çalışan performansına etkisinde duygusal tükenmenin aracılık etkisi tespit edilmiştir. Bunlara ek olarak sosyal baltalamanın çalışan performansı üzerindeki etkisinde iş stresi ve duygusal tükenmişliğin birlikte seri aracılık etkisi olduğu da belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bu bulgular kuramsal bağlamda tartışılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sosyal baltalama, iş stresi, duygusal tükenmişlik, çalışan performansı

The Role of Job Stress and Emotional Exhaustion in the Relationship between Social Undermining and Employee Performance

Öz

Employees’ supportive relations with their managers and coworkers enable their job easier and more pleasant whereas stressful relations affect their psychological health in a negative way and decrease their job performance. In this context in the study, the effect of managerial social undermining behaviors on job performance is examined. Moreover, the multiple serial mediator roles of job stress and emotional exhaustion in this relationship are also investigated. For this purpose, the data used in the study is collected from 367 nurses working in private and public hospitals in Adana. Within the context of the research firstly confirmatory factor analysis is conducted in order to reveal the construct validity χ/sd = 1,77; p < ,01; CFI = ,96; TLI = ,96; RMSEA = ,05; SRMR = ,03 . Moreover, regarding the reliability of the scales used in the study Cronbach Alpha, internal consistency coefficient is taken into consideration and it is revealed that the social undermining, job stress, emotional exhaustion, and performance scales are reliable with the coefficients of ,96; ,92; ,94 ve ,92. The relationships between the variables are produced with correlation analysis and the results are proved statistically significant. In order to test the model structural equation modelling and serial multiple mediation analysis regarding bootstrap method are used. Research findings revealed that managerial social undermining behavior has a negative effect on employee performance and a positive effect on job stress and emotional exhaustion. Moreover, it is revealed that job stress and emotional exhaustion have negative effects on performance. In addition to these, the results showed that job stress has a mediating role in the relationship between social undermining and job performance. Similarly, it is asserted that emotional exhaustion has a mediating role in the relationship between social undermining and job performance. Furthermore, job stress and emotional exhaustion have a multiple serial mediation effect in the relationship between social undermining and employee performance. These obtained results are discussed according to theoretical context

Anahtar Kelimeler

Social undermining, Job stress, Emotional exhaustion, Employee performance

Kaynakça

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