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Yabancı Dil Sınıflarında İşbirlikçi Öğrenme: Kelime Öğretimi Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 42, 344 - 354, 01.08.2019

Öz

Bu çalışma, yabancı dil eğitiminde ‘kelime tanıma’ açısından işbirlikçi öğrenme ve geleneksel öğretim yöntemlerini verimlilikleri açısından araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla aynı doğrultuda olmak üzere çalışma, şu araştırma sorusuna cevap aramaktadır: “İşbirlikçi öğrenme metodu ile ve geleneksel metot aracılığıyla kelime öğrenen öğrencilerin arasında kelime öğrenme performansları bakımından anlamlı bir farklılık var mıdır?”. Aynı zamanda mevcut çalışma bu bakımdan öğrencilerin kelime bilgilerinin rekabetten ziyade işbirliğinin önemini vurgulayan bir öğretim yöntemi ile zenginleştirilip zenginleştirilemeyeceği olgusunu da araştırmaktadır. Mevcut çalışma, kelime öğrenme ve öğretme bakımından işbirlikçi öğrenme ile geleneksel öğretim yöntemlerini karşılaştıran nicel bir araştırma modeline sahiptir. Çalışmada kullanılan materyaller; ön-test ve son-test olmak üzere aynı kelime bilgisi testi, her biri farklı konuları kapsamakta olan 8 farklı okuma metni, işbirlikçi öğrenme ile ilgili çalışma kağıtları, posterler ve kısa quiz çalışmalarını kapsamaktadır. Kelime bilgisi testi, dil ve ölçek geliştirme uzmanlarının rehberlik ve gözetimindeki bir sürecin sonucunda, gerekli değişiklikler, düzeltmeler, düzenlemeler ve eksiltmeler yapılarak ön-test ve son-test olarak kullanılmaya hazır hâle getirilmiştir Cronbach’s alpha 0.83 . Katılımcılar, Selçuk Üniversitesi Yabancı Diller Yüksekokulunda YADAM öğrenim görmekte olan hazırlık sınıfı öğrencileridir. Çalışma, 4 haftalık deney sürecinde uygulanmıştır. Araştırma deseni kapsamında deneysel bir çalışma yürütülmüş ve bu süreçte her biri 18’er kişilik gruplardan oluşan deney ve kontrol grubu olmak üzere iki ayrı grup ile çalışılmıştır. Her iki grubun da mevcut kelime bilgisi bakımından eşit olduğunu tespit etmek üzere ve gelişimlerini kaydetmek açısından uygulama öncesinde her iki gruba da- deney grubu ve kontrol grubu- ön-test uygulanmıştır. Çalışma sürecinde deney grubu işbirlikçi öğrenme yöntemiyle kelime öğrenimini deneyimlerken; kontrol grubu geleneksel öğretim yöntemiyle aynı kelime gruplarını, kelime listesi ve İngilizce-İngilizce sözlük kullanarak öğrenmiştir. Edinilen veriler SPSS aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre geleneksel yöntemle kelime öğrenen kontrol grubu öğrencilerine kıyasla, işbirlikçi öğrenme deneyimini yaşayan deney grubu öğrencileri kelime öğrenimi açısından daha verimli sonuçlar elde etmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Açıkgöz, K. (1990). “İşbirliğine dayalı öğrenme ve geleneksel öğretimin öğrencilerin akademik başarısı, hatırda tutma düzeyleri ve duyuşsal özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri”. I. Ulusal Eğitim Bilimleri Kongresi, A.Ü. Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ankara, Turkey, 25-28 Eylül, MEB Yayınları, Ankara 1993; s.187-201.
  • Ahmad, Z. and Mahmood, N. (2010). “Effects of Cooperative Learning vs. Traditional Instruction on Prospective Teachers’ Learning Experience and Achievement”, Ankara University Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences, 43 (1): 151-164.
  • Ajaja, P.O. and Eravwoke, O.U. (2010). “Effects of Cooperative Learning Strategy on Junior Secondary School Students Achievement in Integrated Science”, Electronic Journal of Science Education, 14 (1) [Online] Available at: [Erişim tarihi 5 August, 2019 13:41:47 GMT ].
  • Butler, Linda. Password 1: A Reading and Vocabulary Text, New York, Longman, 2003.
  • Büyükkaragöz, Savaş. Program Geliştirme Kaynak Metinler, Konya, Kuzucular Ofset, 1997.
  • Demirel, Özcan. İlköğretim Okullarında Yabancı Dil Öğretimi, İstanbul, Milli Eğitim Basımevi, 1999.
  • Ercan, E.E. (2009). “Teaching vocabulary through cooperative learning”. Unpublished MA thesis, Selçuk University Institute of Social Sciences ELT Department.
  • Erdem Mete, Defne. Opinions of Pre-service English Language Teachers on an Intercultural Training Integrated Oral Communication Skills Course, (in Educational Sciences ed. O. Kutlu, pp.31-50), Ankara, Akademisyen Kitabevi, 2018.
  • Gillies, Robyn, M. and Ashman, Adrian F. Cooperative Learning the Social and Intellectual Outcomes of Learning in Groups, Great Britain, MPG Books Ltd, 2003.
  • Gillies, Robyn, M., Ashman, Adrian F. and Terwel, Jan. The Teacher’s Role in Implementing Cooperative Learning in the Classroom, New York, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2008.
  • Gull, F. and Shehzad, S. (2015). “Effects of Cooperative Learning on Students’ Academic Achievement”, Journal of Education and Learning, 9 (3): 246-255.
  • Gürsoy, E. (2001). “Verbal or visual? Investigating ways to teach vocabulary”. The 5th International Inged ELT Conference, Anadolu University School of Foreign Languages, Eskişehir, Turkey, 15-17 November, p. 182-190.
  • Harmer, Jeremy. The Practice of English Language Teaching, England, Pearson Education Limited, 2001.
  • Jacob, Evelyn. Cooperative Learning in Context, United States, State University of New York Press, 1999.
  • Jacobs, George M., Power, Michael A. and Inn, Loh Wan. The Teacher’s Sourcebook for Cooperative Learning, United States of America, Corwin Press, Inc., 2002.
  • Johnson, D.W. and Johnson, R.T. (2002). “Learning Together and Alone: Overview and Meta-analysis”, Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 22 (1): 95-105, DOI:10.1080/0218879020220110
  • Johnson, D.W. and Johnson, R.T. (2017). “Cooperative learning”. Innovacion Educacion I Congresso Internacional, Zaragoza, Spain, 22-23 September.
  • Johnson, D.W., Johnson, R.T. and Smith, K.A. (1998). “Cooperative Learning Returns to College What Evidence Is There That It Works?”, Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning, 30 (4): 26-35, DOI: 10.1080/00091389809602629
  • Johnson, D.W., Johnson, R.T. and Stanne, M.B. (2000). “Cooperative Learning Methods: A Meta-Analysis”, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota. [Online] Available at: [Erişim tarihi: 9 July, 2019 14:22:14 GMT ]
  • Kagan, Spencer. Cooperative Learning, United States, Resources for Teachers, Inc., 1994.
  • Kessler, Carolyn. Cooperative Language Learning A Teacher’s Resource Book, United States of America, Prentice Hall Regents, Prentice- Hall, Inc., 1992.
  • Lazarowitz, Rachel Hertz and Miller, Norman. Interaction in Cooperative Groups, United States of America, Cambridge University Press, 1992.
  • Marzban, A. and Alinejad, F. (2014). “The effect of Cooperative Learning on Reading Comprehension of Iranian EFL Learners”, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, no: 116, p. 3744-3748.
  • Nunan, David. Collaborative Language Learning and Teaching, Great Britain, Cambridge University Press, 1993.
  • Öztürk, M.S. and Yorgancı, M. (2017). “Effects of L1 and L2 Glosses on Incidental Vocabulary Learning of EFL Prep Students”, Turkish Studies - International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic-, (Prof. Dr. Tahsin Aktaş Armağanı), 12 (6): 635-656. [Online] Available at: [Erişim tarihi: Sept. 12, 2019 08:03:00 GMT] DOI Number: http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.11432.
  • Putnam, Joanne W. Cooperative Learning and Strategies for Inclusion, United States of America, Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co., Inc., 1993.
  • Shachar, Hanna. Who gains what from co-operative learning, (Chapter 7 in Cooperative Learning the Social and Intellectual Outcomes of Learning in Groups eds. R.M. Gillies and A.F. Ashman), Great Britain, MPG Books Ltd., 2003.
  • Sharan, S. and Shaulov, A. (1990). “Cooperative Learning, Motivation to Learn, and Academic Achievement”, Cooperative Learning Theory and Research ed. S. Sharan (Chapter 8, pp. 173-203). New York: Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.,.
  • Sharan, Shlomo and Shachar, Hana. Language and Learning in the Cooperative Classroom, New York, Springer Verlag, 1988.
  • Slavin, Robert E. Cooperative Learning Theory, Research, and Practice, United States of America, Simon& Schuster Company, 1995.
  • Slavin, R.E. (2014). “Making Cooperative Learning Powerful”, Educational Leadership, 72 (2): 22-26.
  • Tran, V.D. (2014). “The effects of Cooperative Learning on the Academic Achievement and Knowledge Retention”, International Journal of Higher Education, 3 (2): 131-140.

Cooperative Learning in EFL Classes: A Comparative Study on Vocabulary Teaching

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 42, 344 - 354, 01.08.2019

Öz

This present study aims to investigate the efficiency of cooperative learning and traditional instruction in terms of vocabulary recognition in foreign language teaching. In line with this purpose, the study searches for the answer of the following research question: “Is there a significant difference between the vocabulary learning performances of the students who were taught through cooperative learning method and the students who were taught through traditional methods?”and tries to find out whether students’ vocabulary could be enriched through an instruction which emphasizes the role of cooperation rather than competition among students in teaching vocabulary. The study employs a quantitative research design comparing cooperative learning versus traditional method in terms of vocabulary learning/teaching. The instruments of the study cover a pre-test, a posttest, 8 reading texts, worksheets, posters, and quizzes. The test in concern- the vocabulary test- underwent a process with the guidance and supervision of language and scale development experts, and then was finalised to be used as the pre-test and posttest Cronbach’s alpha 0.83 . The participants were freshmen at Selcuk University School of Foreign Languages SOFL . The study was carried out in a four-week experimental process on two groups- experimental and control – each of which consisted of 18 students. A pre-test was applied at the beginning of the process to make sure if the two groups were equal in terms of their prior vocabulary knowledge and see the improvement afterwards. Throughout the study, the experimental group experienced learning vocabulary through Cooperative Learning CL and the control group was taught through traditional instruction- the gloss and the use of a monolingual dictionary with the same vocabulary syllabus for both groups. At the end of four weeks, a post-test -the same as the pre-test- was applied. Collected data was analysed through SPSS. The results indicated that the participants of the experimental group who had the Cooperative Learning experience led to better results in terms of vocabulary learning than the other students who were taught through the traditional instruction

Kaynakça

  • Açıkgöz, K. (1990). “İşbirliğine dayalı öğrenme ve geleneksel öğretimin öğrencilerin akademik başarısı, hatırda tutma düzeyleri ve duyuşsal özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri”. I. Ulusal Eğitim Bilimleri Kongresi, A.Ü. Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ankara, Turkey, 25-28 Eylül, MEB Yayınları, Ankara 1993; s.187-201.
  • Ahmad, Z. and Mahmood, N. (2010). “Effects of Cooperative Learning vs. Traditional Instruction on Prospective Teachers’ Learning Experience and Achievement”, Ankara University Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences, 43 (1): 151-164.
  • Ajaja, P.O. and Eravwoke, O.U. (2010). “Effects of Cooperative Learning Strategy on Junior Secondary School Students Achievement in Integrated Science”, Electronic Journal of Science Education, 14 (1) [Online] Available at: [Erişim tarihi 5 August, 2019 13:41:47 GMT ].
  • Butler, Linda. Password 1: A Reading and Vocabulary Text, New York, Longman, 2003.
  • Büyükkaragöz, Savaş. Program Geliştirme Kaynak Metinler, Konya, Kuzucular Ofset, 1997.
  • Demirel, Özcan. İlköğretim Okullarında Yabancı Dil Öğretimi, İstanbul, Milli Eğitim Basımevi, 1999.
  • Ercan, E.E. (2009). “Teaching vocabulary through cooperative learning”. Unpublished MA thesis, Selçuk University Institute of Social Sciences ELT Department.
  • Erdem Mete, Defne. Opinions of Pre-service English Language Teachers on an Intercultural Training Integrated Oral Communication Skills Course, (in Educational Sciences ed. O. Kutlu, pp.31-50), Ankara, Akademisyen Kitabevi, 2018.
  • Gillies, Robyn, M. and Ashman, Adrian F. Cooperative Learning the Social and Intellectual Outcomes of Learning in Groups, Great Britain, MPG Books Ltd, 2003.
  • Gillies, Robyn, M., Ashman, Adrian F. and Terwel, Jan. The Teacher’s Role in Implementing Cooperative Learning in the Classroom, New York, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2008.
  • Gull, F. and Shehzad, S. (2015). “Effects of Cooperative Learning on Students’ Academic Achievement”, Journal of Education and Learning, 9 (3): 246-255.
  • Gürsoy, E. (2001). “Verbal or visual? Investigating ways to teach vocabulary”. The 5th International Inged ELT Conference, Anadolu University School of Foreign Languages, Eskişehir, Turkey, 15-17 November, p. 182-190.
  • Harmer, Jeremy. The Practice of English Language Teaching, England, Pearson Education Limited, 2001.
  • Jacob, Evelyn. Cooperative Learning in Context, United States, State University of New York Press, 1999.
  • Jacobs, George M., Power, Michael A. and Inn, Loh Wan. The Teacher’s Sourcebook for Cooperative Learning, United States of America, Corwin Press, Inc., 2002.
  • Johnson, D.W. and Johnson, R.T. (2002). “Learning Together and Alone: Overview and Meta-analysis”, Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 22 (1): 95-105, DOI:10.1080/0218879020220110
  • Johnson, D.W. and Johnson, R.T. (2017). “Cooperative learning”. Innovacion Educacion I Congresso Internacional, Zaragoza, Spain, 22-23 September.
  • Johnson, D.W., Johnson, R.T. and Smith, K.A. (1998). “Cooperative Learning Returns to College What Evidence Is There That It Works?”, Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning, 30 (4): 26-35, DOI: 10.1080/00091389809602629
  • Johnson, D.W., Johnson, R.T. and Stanne, M.B. (2000). “Cooperative Learning Methods: A Meta-Analysis”, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota. [Online] Available at: [Erişim tarihi: 9 July, 2019 14:22:14 GMT ]
  • Kagan, Spencer. Cooperative Learning, United States, Resources for Teachers, Inc., 1994.
  • Kessler, Carolyn. Cooperative Language Learning A Teacher’s Resource Book, United States of America, Prentice Hall Regents, Prentice- Hall, Inc., 1992.
  • Lazarowitz, Rachel Hertz and Miller, Norman. Interaction in Cooperative Groups, United States of America, Cambridge University Press, 1992.
  • Marzban, A. and Alinejad, F. (2014). “The effect of Cooperative Learning on Reading Comprehension of Iranian EFL Learners”, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, no: 116, p. 3744-3748.
  • Nunan, David. Collaborative Language Learning and Teaching, Great Britain, Cambridge University Press, 1993.
  • Öztürk, M.S. and Yorgancı, M. (2017). “Effects of L1 and L2 Glosses on Incidental Vocabulary Learning of EFL Prep Students”, Turkish Studies - International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic-, (Prof. Dr. Tahsin Aktaş Armağanı), 12 (6): 635-656. [Online] Available at: [Erişim tarihi: Sept. 12, 2019 08:03:00 GMT] DOI Number: http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.11432.
  • Putnam, Joanne W. Cooperative Learning and Strategies for Inclusion, United States of America, Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co., Inc., 1993.
  • Shachar, Hanna. Who gains what from co-operative learning, (Chapter 7 in Cooperative Learning the Social and Intellectual Outcomes of Learning in Groups eds. R.M. Gillies and A.F. Ashman), Great Britain, MPG Books Ltd., 2003.
  • Sharan, S. and Shaulov, A. (1990). “Cooperative Learning, Motivation to Learn, and Academic Achievement”, Cooperative Learning Theory and Research ed. S. Sharan (Chapter 8, pp. 173-203). New York: Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.,.
  • Sharan, Shlomo and Shachar, Hana. Language and Learning in the Cooperative Classroom, New York, Springer Verlag, 1988.
  • Slavin, Robert E. Cooperative Learning Theory, Research, and Practice, United States of America, Simon& Schuster Company, 1995.
  • Slavin, R.E. (2014). “Making Cooperative Learning Powerful”, Educational Leadership, 72 (2): 22-26.
  • Tran, V.D. (2014). “The effects of Cooperative Learning on the Academic Achievement and Knowledge Retention”, International Journal of Higher Education, 3 (2): 131-140.
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Emine Eda Ercan Demirel Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Sayı: 42

Kaynak Göster

APA Ercan Demirel, E. E. (2019). Cooperative Learning in EFL Classes: A Comparative Study on Vocabulary Teaching. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(42), 344-354.


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