KORONAVİRÜS(COVİD-19) SALGINININ SERBEST MESLEK SAHİPLERİNE ETKİLERİ VE DEVLETLERİN SOSYOEKONOMİK DESTEK POLİTİKALARI: İNGİLTERE, AMERİKA BİRLEŞİK DEVLETLERİ VE ALMANYA ÖRNEKLERİ

Öz

Amaç - Bu makalede serbest meslek sahiplerinin Koronavirüs (Covid-19) salgınından nasıl etkilendikleri ve devletlerin serbest meslek sahiplerine yönelik destek politikaları araştırılmıştır. Yöntem - Bu makalede literatür taraması ve doküman incelemesi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Resmi kurumlara ait internet sitelerinden güncel veriler elde edilmiştir. Bulgular – Araştırma sonucunda, online alışveriş uygulamaları kapsamında çalışan paket teslimatı kuryeleri dışındaki serbest meslek sahibi sınıfı çalışanlarının, Covid-19 salgınından önemli ölçüde olumsuz etkilendikleri gözlemlenmiştir. Sonuç – Devletlerin, sosyal güvenlik sistemlerinde serbest meslek sahiplerine yönelik sosyal koruma eksikliklerini gidermesi ve tüm faydalara ulaşmaları için gerekli politikaları geliştirmesi gerekmektedir. Kadınların serbest meslek sahibi olabilmelerinin önündeki engeller kaldırılmalı ve teşvik edici politikalar uygulanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Covid-19 Pandemisi
• Ekonomik Kriz
• Serbest Meslek Sahipleri
• Sosyoekonomik Destek Politikaları
• Gelişmiş Ekonomiler

THE EFFECTS OF THE CORONAVIRUS(COVID-19) PANDEMIC ON SELF-EMPLOYEE OWNERS AND THE SOCIOECONOMIC SUPPORT POLICIES OF THE STATES: EXAMPLES OF THE UK, THE UNITED STATES AND GERMANY

Öz

Purpose - In this article, it is aimed to examine how the self-employed is affected by the Coronavirus (Covid-19) epidemic and to investigate the support policies of the states for the self-employed. Methodology – In this article, literature review and document review methods are used. Up-to-date data were obtained from the websites of official institutions. Findings – As a result of the research, it was observed that the self-employed class employees, except for the package delivery couriers working within the scope of on-line shopping applications, were significantly adversely affected by the Covid-19 outbreak. Conclusions – States need to address the social protection gaps for the self-employed in their social security systems and develop the necessary policies so that they can enjoy all the benefits. Barriers to women's self-employment should be removed and encouraging policies should be implemented.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Covid-19 Pandemic
• Economic Crisis
• Self-Employee
• Socioeconomic Support Policies
• Developed Economies

Kaynakça

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