Küresel Enerji Ticaretinde Dönüşüm: Yeni Bir Enerji Lojistik Ekseni Olarak Çin-Rusya-Orta Asya Koridoru

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1 , 22 - 42 , 29.04.2026

İldeniz Şakar

https://doi.org/10.30976/susead.1760006

https://izlik.org/JA33PN85XR

Öz

ÖZ
Amaç - Bu çalışma, Çin, Rusya ve Orta Asya arasındaki yükselen enerji koridorunun küresel enerji piyasalarını nasıl şekillendirdiğini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma, bu ülkelerin enerji kaynaklarını ekonomik ve jeopolitik avantaj sağlamak için nasıl kullandıklarını araştırmaktadır. Ayrıca, bu koridorun bölgesel entegrasyon ve enerji güvenliği üzerindeki uzun vadeli etkilerini değerlendirmeyi hedeflemektedir.
Yöntem - Bu çalışma, uluslararası enerji kuruluşları ve hükümet raporlarından elde edilen verileri analiz eden nitel bir araştırma yaklaşımı benimsemiştir. Ekonomi, enerji politikası ve uluslararası ilişkiler alanlarından elde edilen verileri birleştirerek disiplinlerarası bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır. Bu metodoloji, enerji ticaretindeki gelişen dinamikleri anlamaya yardımcı olmakta ve 1990-2022 arasındaki tarihsel veriler üzerine yoğunlaşmaktadır.
Sonuç –Bu çalışma, Çin-Rusya-Orta Asya enerji koridorunun bölgedeki enerji güvenliği ve ekonomik entegrasyonu önemli ölçüde güçlendirdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Enerji altyapısının, bu üç aktör arasındaki stratejik ilişkileri derinleştirerek küresel enerji piyasalarında önemli bir rol oynadığı görülmektedir. Ancak, bölgedeki siyasi belirsizlikler ve uluslararası yaptırımlar, bu işbirliğinin uzun vadeli sürdürülebilirliğini tehdit etmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Küresel Enerji Ticareti, Çin-Rusya-Orta Asya Enerji Koridoru, Enerji Jeopolitiği, Uluslararası Ticaret ve Enerji Altyapısı.
JEL Kodları: F14, Q41, Q43, Q48, O53.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Küresel Enerji Ticareti , Çin-Rusya-Orta Asya Enerji Koridoru , Enerji Jeopolitiği , Uluslararası Ticaret ve Enerji Altyapısı

Transformation in Global Energy Trade: The China–Russia–Central Asia Corridor as a New Energy Logistics Axis

https://izlik.org/JA33PN85XR

Öz

ABSTRACT
Purpose – This study aims to explore the emerging energy corridor between China, Russia, and Central Asia, focusing on its role in reshaping global energy markets. It investigates how these countries are leveraging their energy resources for economic and geopolitical advantage. Additionally, the research aims to assess the long-term implications of this corridor on regional integration and energy security.
Methodology – A qualitative research approach has been adopted, analyzing primary data from international energy organizations and government reports. The study incorporates an interdisciplinary perspective, combining insights from economics, energy policy, and international relations. This methodology helps understand the evolving dynamics in energy trade, with a focus on historical data from 1990 to 2022.
Conclusions – The findings reveal that the China-Russia-Central Asia energy corridor significantly enhances energy security and economic integration in the region. It underscores the strategic importance of Central Asia in global energy trade and highlights the role of energy infrastructure in fostering deeper geopolitical alliances. However, challenges such as political instability and international sanctions pose risks to the sustainability of these energy flows.
Keywords: Global Energy Trade, China-Russia-Central Asia Energy Corridor, Energy Geopolitics, International Trade and Energy Infrastructure.
JEL Codes: F14, Q41, Q43, Q48, O53.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Global Energy Trade , China-Russia-Central Asia Energy Corridor , Energy Geopolitics , Intenational Trade and Energy Infrastructure

Kaynakça

• Balassa, B. (1961). The Theory of Economic Integration. Homewood, IL: Richard D. Irwin.
• Bugajski, J. & Doran, P. (2006). Energy As A Political Tool: Russia's Use Of Oil and Gas In Foreign Policy. Center for Strategic and International Studies. https://www.csis.org/analysis/energy-political-tool
• Cooley, A. (2012). Great Games, Local Rules: The New Great Power Contest in Central Asia. Oxford University Press.
• Downs, E. S. (2010). China’s Energy Security and the “Great Wall of Oil.” China Security, 6(3), 24–39. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23459711
• Huang, Y., & Overland, I. (2021). China-Russia energy relations and geopolitical implications. Energy Research & Social Science, 74, 101995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2021.101995
• International Energy Agency (IEA). (2023). World Energy Outlook 2023. https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2023
• Kalyuzhnova, Y. (2019). The Economics and Politics of Central Asian Energy. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429323293
• Kleveman, L. (2003). The New Great Game: Blood and Oil In Central Asia. Atlantic Monthly Press.
• Lanteigne, M. (2022). Russia’s Energy Pivot to Asia: Drivers and Implications. Asia Policy, 17(2), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.1353/asp.2022.0015
• Li, N., & Shapiro, J. S. (2021). The Environmental Bias of Trade Policy. Journal of the European Economic Association, 19(5), 2667–2704. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeea/jvab017
• Mitrova, T. (2018). Russian Energy Strategy: Challenges and Opportunities. Energy Policy, 120, 537–544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.05.045
• National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC). (2020). China’s Carbon Neutrality Target. https://en.ndrc.gov.cn/newsrelease/202012/t20201230_1245225.html
• National Energy Administration. (2021). China Energy Statistical Yearbook 2021. Beijing: National Energy Administration.
• Nikitin, M., & Sharif, M. (2020). The Emerging China-Russia Energy Corridor: Opportunities and Challenges. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 10(4), 455-463.
• Pettit, T. J., Croxton, K. L., & Fiksel, J. (2019). The evolution of resilience in supply chain management: A retrospective on ensuring supply chain resilience. Journal of Business Logistics, 40(1), 56–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbl.12202
• Peyrouse, S. (2009a). The Central Asian Energy Chessboard: Eurasian Regional Rivalry and Great Power Politics. Russian Analytical Digest, (63), 2–5.
• Peyrouse, S. (2009b). The Energy Factor in Central Asia. Problems of Post-Communism, 56(6), 3–20. https://doi.org/10.2753/PPC1075-821656060
• Ricardo, D. (1817). On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation. London: John Murray.
• Rodrigue, J.-P. (2020). The Geography of Transport Systems (5th ed.). New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429346323
• Rolland, N. (2017). China’s Belt and Road Initiative: Underwhelming or Game-Changer? The Washington Quarterly, 40(1), 127–142. https://doi.org/10.1080/0163660X.2017.1302743
• Sheffi, Y. (2015). The Power of Resilience: How the Best Companies Manage the Unexpected. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
• Sovacool, B. K. (2011). Energy Security: The Externalities, Vulnerabilities, and Societal Costs of Energy Systems. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 36, 127–162. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-052610-092911
• Sovacool, B. K., Axsen, J., & Sorrell, S. (2022). Promoting Energy Cooperation Through Infrastructure and Technology: The China-Russia Energy Nexus. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 158, 112123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112123
• Szymanski, S. (2013). The Geopolitics of Central Asia’s Energy Resources. Journal of Eurasian Studies, 4(2), 132–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euras.2013.04.002
• Tinbergen, J. (1962). Shaping the World Economy: Suggestions for an International Economic Policy. New York: Twentieth Century Fund.
• World Bank. (2023). Energy data. Retrieved from https://data.worldbank.org/topic/energy
• Xu, Y., & Chen, Z. (2016). China’s Energy Diplomacy: Powering National Interests. Energy Policy, 94, 213–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.03.014
• Yergin, D. (2006). Energy Security in the 21st Century. Foreign Affairs, 85(2), 69–82. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/2006-03-01/energy-security-21st-century
• Yergin, D. (2011). The Quest: Energy, Security, and The Remaking of The Modern World. Penguin Press.
• Yuan, J., & Zeng, S. (2023). Energy Geopolitics and Regional Cooperation Along the China-Russia-Central Asia Corridor. Energy Policy, 177, 113525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2023.113525
• Zhang, L. (2018). China’s Energy Security Strategy and Foreign Policy. Asian Journal of Energy Studies, 5(2), 89–107.
• Zhang, S., Andrews-Speed, P., & Li, Y. (2022). China’s Energy Transition: Balancing Decarbonization and Energy Security. Energy Policy, 164, 112909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.112909
• Zhao, H. (2020). The Belt and Road Initiative and China’s Energy Strategy. Journal of Contemporary China, 29(124), 25–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/10670564.2019.1668912