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Pandemi Krizinde Çevik Organizasyon Olmanın Üstünlüğü

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 123 - 141, 30.09.2021

Öz

Bireyler ve kuruluşlar 2019’un son çeyreğinden buyana koronavirüs salgınının sebep olduğu pandemi döneminin olağandışı koşullarına uyum sağlamaya çalışmaktadır. Pandeminin dünyayı değiştirdiği bu süreçte sosyal ve ekonomik çevrelerde hızlı ve köklü değişimler yaşandı. Endüstri 4.0’ın da etkisiyle ivme kazanan birçok trendin hızlarını koruduğu bu dönemde çeviklik de popülaritesini arttıran trendler arasında yer aldı. Özelikle örgütsel çeviklik, adından en çok bahsedilen yönetim kavramlarından biri oldu. Örgütsel çeviklik, istikrarsızlık ve belirsizlik koşullarında daha iyi performans göstererek üstünlük avantajı elde etmek için çağdaş kuruluşlar tarafından benimsenen yenilikçi ve dinamik bir yönetim modeli olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu makale örgütsel çeviklik kavramını tanıtma ve pandemi koşullarında sürdürülebilirliği sağlamak için şirketler tarafından benimsenmesinin önemine dikkat çekmek niyetindedir. Bu bağlamda şirketler için çeviklik kavramının, çevik çalışmanın ve çevik organizasyon yapısının stratejik önemi anlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. Genel olarak, COVID-19 salgını sürecinde çevik organizasyon yapısı ve çevik çalışma modeli şirketlere ne gibi faydalar sağlamaktadır? sorusuna cevap arayan bu çalışma, örgütsel çeviklik ve firma performansı arasındaki etkileşimi işaret ederek değişken ve belirsiz çevre koşullarında başarılı çevik organizasyona sahip olmanın ayrıcalığını da vurgulamaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Acmagile, (2020). Agile organization. https://www.acmagile.com/en/agile-organization/ (Date of accsess: 06.05.2021)
  • Aghina, W., Aaron, S., & Kirsten, W. (2015). Agility: It rhymes with stability. McKinsey Quarterly. https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/organization/our-insights/agility-it-rhymes-with-stability. (Date of accsess: 12.05.2021)
  • Akkaya, B., & Tabak, A. (2018). Adaptation to Turkish of organizational agility questionnaire: Reliability and validity study. The Journal of Human and Work, 5(2), pp. 185-206. https://doi.org/10.18394/iid.439184
  • Araza, A., & Aslan, G. (2016). Yönetimde yeni paradigmalar: Kurumsal çeviklik ve improvizasyon (1. baskı). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Ascentialedge (2020). How has COVID-19 impacted Amazon? https://www.ascentialedge.com/insights/ecommerce-blog/amazon/how-has-covid-19-impacted-amazon (Date of accsess: 11.05.2021)
  • Bakan, İ., Sezer, B., & Kara, C. (2017). Bilgi yönetiminin örgütsel çeviklik ve örgütsel atalet üzerindeki etkisi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(1), pp. 117-138.
  • Boardofinnovation (2021). Experiments & pivots that kept Emirates Airlines alive in COVID times. https://www.boardofinnovation.com/blog/experiments-pivots-that-kept-emirates-airlines-alive-in-covid-times/ (Date of accsess: 11.05.2021)
  • Brown, S., & Eisenhardt, K. (1997). The art of continuous change: Linking complexity theory and time paced evolution in relentlessly shifting organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly,42(1), pp. 1-34. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393807
  • Campaigne (2020). How KFC is managing through the crisis. https://campaignme.com/how-kfc-is-managing-through-the-crisis/ (Date of accsess: 10.05.2021)
  • Christensen, C. M. (1997). The innovator’s dilemma: When new technologies cause great firms to fail (1st edition). Harward Business Scholl Press.
  • Clearreview (2019). 5 great examples of agile organisations. https://www.clearreview.com/5-examples-of-agile-organisations/. (Date of accsess: 02.05.2021)
  • Crocitto, M., & Youssef, M. (2003). The human side of organizational agility. Industrial Management ve Data Systems, 103(6), pp. 388-397. https://doi.org/10.1108/02635570310479963
  • Darvishmotevali, M., & Tajeddini, K. (2020). Understanding organizational agility, evidence from the hotel industry in Iran. In K. Tajeddini, V. Ratten & T. Merkle (Eds.). Tourism, hospitality and digital transformation: Strategic management aspects-innovation and technology horizons (1st edition), pp. 73-87. Routledge.
  • Ebrahim, Sh., Krishnakanthan, K., & Thaker, Sh. (2018). Agile compendium. McKinsey & Company.https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/McKinsey/Business%20Functions/Organization/Our%20Insights/Harnessing%20agile%20compendium/Harnessing-Agile-compendium-October-2018.ashx. (Date of accsess: 10.05.2021)
  • Ekonomist, (2020). Şirketlerimizi çevik modelle yönetmek istiyoruz. https://www.ekonomist.com.tr/soylesi/sirketlerimizi-cevik-modelle-yonetmek-istiyoruz.html (Date of accsess: 11.05.2021)
  • Elali, W. (2021). The importance of strategic agility to business survival during corona crisis and beyond. International Journal of Business Ethics and Governance, 4(2), pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.51325/ijbeg.v4i2.64
  • Goldman, S. L., Nagel, R. N., & Preiss, K. (1995). Agile competitors and virtual organizations: Strategies for enriching the customer (1st edition). Van Nostrand Reinhold.
  • Impactmybiz (2021). What is business agility? https://www.impactmybiz.com/blog/what-is-business-agility-examples/ (Date of accsess: 08.05.2021)
  • Jain, V., Benyoucef, L., & Deshmukh, S. G. (2008). What’s the buzz about moving from “lean” to “agile” integrated supply chains? A fuzzy intelligent agent-based approach. International Journal of Production Research, 46(23), pp. 6649-6677. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207540802230462
  • Kidd P. T. (1994). Agile manufacturing: Forging new frontiers (1st edition). Addison Wesley.
  • Kristensen, S. Sh. (2019). Rethinking the potential organization of Technology Group at Milestone [Unpublished Master Thesis[, Technical University of Denmark.
  • Laloux, F., & Wilber, K. (2014). Reinventing organizations: A guide to creating organizations inspired by the next stage in human consciousness (1st edition). Nelson Parker.
  • Lin, C. T., Chiu, H., & Chu, P. Y. (2006). Agility index in the supply chain. International Journal of Production Economics, 100(2), pp. 285-299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2004.11.013
  • Kosack, E., Stone, M., Sanders, K., Aravopoulou, E., Biron, D., Brodsky, S., ... & Usacheva, A. (2021). Information management in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Bottom Line, 34(1), 20-44. https://doi.org/10.1108/BL-09-2020-0062
  • McKinsey & Company (2021). Agile organizations: Agile transition and benefits for companies. https://www.mckinsey.com/tr/our-insights/agile-organizations-agile-transition-and-benefits-for-companies. (Date of accsess: 04.05.2021)
  • McKinsey & Company (2015). The Keys to organizational Agility. https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/organization/our-insights/the-keys-to-organizational-agility. (Date of accsess: 07.05.2021)
  • Moreira, M. E. (2017). The agile enterprise: Building and running agile organizations (1st edition). Apress.
  • Nafei, W. A. (2016). Organizational agility: The key to organizational success. International Journal of Business and Management, 11(5), pp. 296-309. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v11n5p296
  • Nejatian, M., & Zarei, M. H. (2013). Moving towards organizational agility: Are we improving in the right direction? Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 14(4), pp. 241-253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40171-013-0048-3
  • Olbert, S., Prodoehl, H. G., & Worley, C. G. (2017). Organizational agility as a competitive factor: The “agile performer index”. France: NEOMA Business School, Reims Cedex.
  • Overby, E., Bharadwaj, A., & Sambamurthy, V. (2006). Enterprise agility and the enabling role of information technology. European Journal of Information Systems, 15(2), pp. 120-131. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.ejis.3000600
  • Ravichandran, T. (2018). Exploring the relationships between IT competence, innovation capacity and organizational agility. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 27(1), pp. 22-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2017.07.002
  • Rigby, D. K., Elk, S., & Berez, S. (2020). Doing agile right: Transformation without chaos (1st edition). Harvard Business Review Press.
  • Rzepka, A., & Bojar, E. (2020). Leadership as one of the factors shaping the development of an agile organization. Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 9(3), pp. 383-391.
  • Sambamurthy, V., Bharadwaj, A., & Grover, V. (2003). Shaping agility through digital options: Reconceptualizng the role of information tecnology in contemporary firms. MISS Quartely, 27(2), pp. 237-263. https://doi.org/10.2307/30036530
  • Shafiee K, S., & Shafiee, S. (2019). Rethinking organization design to enforce organizational agility. Paper presented at 11th Symposium on Competence-Based Strategic Management (SKM 2019), Stuttgart, Germany.
  • Shahaei, B. (2008). Paradigm of agility: Definitions, features and concepts. Tadbir Publications, 19(194), pp. 15-19.
  • Sharpa, J. M., Irani, Z., & Desai, S. (1999). Working towards agile manufacturing in the UK industry. International Journal of Production Economics, 62(1-2), pp. 155-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5273(98)00228-X
  • Sharifi, H., Colquhoun, G., Barclay, I., & Dann, Z. (2001). Agile manufacturing: A management and operational framework. Proceedings of The Institution of Mechanical Engineers-Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 215(6), pp. 857-869. https://doi.org/10.1243/0954405011518647
  • Sharifi, H., & Zhang, Z. (1999). A methodology for achieving agility in manufacturing organizations: An introduction. International Journal of Production Economics, 62(1-2), pp. 7-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5273(98)00217-5
  • Sherehiy, B., Karwowski, W., & Layer, J. K. (2007). A review of enterprise agility: Concepts, frameworks, and attributes. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 37(5), pp. 445-460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2007.01.007
  • Teece, D., Pisano, G., & Shuen A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), pp. 509-533. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199708)18:7<509::AID SMJ882>3.0.CO;2-Z
  • Uğurlu, Y. Ö., Çolakoğlu, E., & Öztosun, E. (2019). The effect of strategic agility on firm performance: A research in manufacturing firms. The Journal of Human and Work, 6(1), pp 93-106. https://doi.org/10.18394/iid.492829
  • Volberda, H. W. (1996). Toward the flexible form: How to remain vital in hypercompetitive environments. Organization Science, 7(4), pp. 359-374. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.7.4.359
  • Zaheer, A., & Zaheer, S. (1997). Catching the wave: Alertness, responsiveness, and the market influence in global electronic networks. Management Science, 43(11), pp. 1493-1509. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.43.11.1493
  • Zhang, D. Z. (2011). Towards theory building in agile manufacturing strategies—Case studies of an agility taxonomy. International Journal of Production Economics, 131(1), pp. 303-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2010.08.010
  • Zhang, D., & Sharifi, H. (2000). A methodology for achieving agility in manufacturing organisations. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 20(4), pp. 496-513. https://doi.org/10.1108/01443570010314818

The Advantage of Being an Agile Organization in the Pandemic Crisis

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 123 - 141, 30.09.2021

Öz

Individuals and organizations have been trying to adapt to the extraordinary conditions of the pandemic period caused by the Coronavirus epidemic since the last quarter of 2019. During this period in which the pandemic changed the world, rapid and radical changes occurred in social and economic environments. Agility was among the trends that increased its popularity in this period in which many other trends that gained momentum with the effect of Industry 4.0 maintained their speed. In particular, organizational agility has become one of the most frequently mentioned management concepts. Organizational agility is regarded as an innovative and dynamic management model adopted by contemporary organizations to achieve superiority by performing better under conditions of instability and uncertainty. This article intends to introduce the concept of organizational agility and highlight the importance of its adoption by companies to ensure sustainability in pandemic conditions. In this context, the strategic importance of agility concept, agile working and agile organizational structure for companies was tried to be explained. This study, which seeks to answer the question “what benefits do the agile organizational structure and agile working model provide to companies during the COVID-19 pandemic?” in general, highlights the interaction between organizational agility and firm performance, and also emphasizes the privilege of having a successful agile organization in unstable and indistinct environmental conditions.

Kaynakça

  • Acmagile, (2020). Agile organization. https://www.acmagile.com/en/agile-organization/ (Date of accsess: 06.05.2021)
  • Aghina, W., Aaron, S., & Kirsten, W. (2015). Agility: It rhymes with stability. McKinsey Quarterly. https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/organization/our-insights/agility-it-rhymes-with-stability. (Date of accsess: 12.05.2021)
  • Akkaya, B., & Tabak, A. (2018). Adaptation to Turkish of organizational agility questionnaire: Reliability and validity study. The Journal of Human and Work, 5(2), pp. 185-206. https://doi.org/10.18394/iid.439184
  • Araza, A., & Aslan, G. (2016). Yönetimde yeni paradigmalar: Kurumsal çeviklik ve improvizasyon (1. baskı). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Ascentialedge (2020). How has COVID-19 impacted Amazon? https://www.ascentialedge.com/insights/ecommerce-blog/amazon/how-has-covid-19-impacted-amazon (Date of accsess: 11.05.2021)
  • Bakan, İ., Sezer, B., & Kara, C. (2017). Bilgi yönetiminin örgütsel çeviklik ve örgütsel atalet üzerindeki etkisi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(1), pp. 117-138.
  • Boardofinnovation (2021). Experiments & pivots that kept Emirates Airlines alive in COVID times. https://www.boardofinnovation.com/blog/experiments-pivots-that-kept-emirates-airlines-alive-in-covid-times/ (Date of accsess: 11.05.2021)
  • Brown, S., & Eisenhardt, K. (1997). The art of continuous change: Linking complexity theory and time paced evolution in relentlessly shifting organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly,42(1), pp. 1-34. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393807
  • Campaigne (2020). How KFC is managing through the crisis. https://campaignme.com/how-kfc-is-managing-through-the-crisis/ (Date of accsess: 10.05.2021)
  • Christensen, C. M. (1997). The innovator’s dilemma: When new technologies cause great firms to fail (1st edition). Harward Business Scholl Press.
  • Clearreview (2019). 5 great examples of agile organisations. https://www.clearreview.com/5-examples-of-agile-organisations/. (Date of accsess: 02.05.2021)
  • Crocitto, M., & Youssef, M. (2003). The human side of organizational agility. Industrial Management ve Data Systems, 103(6), pp. 388-397. https://doi.org/10.1108/02635570310479963
  • Darvishmotevali, M., & Tajeddini, K. (2020). Understanding organizational agility, evidence from the hotel industry in Iran. In K. Tajeddini, V. Ratten & T. Merkle (Eds.). Tourism, hospitality and digital transformation: Strategic management aspects-innovation and technology horizons (1st edition), pp. 73-87. Routledge.
  • Ebrahim, Sh., Krishnakanthan, K., & Thaker, Sh. (2018). Agile compendium. McKinsey & Company.https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/McKinsey/Business%20Functions/Organization/Our%20Insights/Harnessing%20agile%20compendium/Harnessing-Agile-compendium-October-2018.ashx. (Date of accsess: 10.05.2021)
  • Ekonomist, (2020). Şirketlerimizi çevik modelle yönetmek istiyoruz. https://www.ekonomist.com.tr/soylesi/sirketlerimizi-cevik-modelle-yonetmek-istiyoruz.html (Date of accsess: 11.05.2021)
  • Elali, W. (2021). The importance of strategic agility to business survival during corona crisis and beyond. International Journal of Business Ethics and Governance, 4(2), pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.51325/ijbeg.v4i2.64
  • Goldman, S. L., Nagel, R. N., & Preiss, K. (1995). Agile competitors and virtual organizations: Strategies for enriching the customer (1st edition). Van Nostrand Reinhold.
  • Impactmybiz (2021). What is business agility? https://www.impactmybiz.com/blog/what-is-business-agility-examples/ (Date of accsess: 08.05.2021)
  • Jain, V., Benyoucef, L., & Deshmukh, S. G. (2008). What’s the buzz about moving from “lean” to “agile” integrated supply chains? A fuzzy intelligent agent-based approach. International Journal of Production Research, 46(23), pp. 6649-6677. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207540802230462
  • Kidd P. T. (1994). Agile manufacturing: Forging new frontiers (1st edition). Addison Wesley.
  • Kristensen, S. Sh. (2019). Rethinking the potential organization of Technology Group at Milestone [Unpublished Master Thesis[, Technical University of Denmark.
  • Laloux, F., & Wilber, K. (2014). Reinventing organizations: A guide to creating organizations inspired by the next stage in human consciousness (1st edition). Nelson Parker.
  • Lin, C. T., Chiu, H., & Chu, P. Y. (2006). Agility index in the supply chain. International Journal of Production Economics, 100(2), pp. 285-299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2004.11.013
  • Kosack, E., Stone, M., Sanders, K., Aravopoulou, E., Biron, D., Brodsky, S., ... & Usacheva, A. (2021). Information management in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Bottom Line, 34(1), 20-44. https://doi.org/10.1108/BL-09-2020-0062
  • McKinsey & Company (2021). Agile organizations: Agile transition and benefits for companies. https://www.mckinsey.com/tr/our-insights/agile-organizations-agile-transition-and-benefits-for-companies. (Date of accsess: 04.05.2021)
  • McKinsey & Company (2015). The Keys to organizational Agility. https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/organization/our-insights/the-keys-to-organizational-agility. (Date of accsess: 07.05.2021)
  • Moreira, M. E. (2017). The agile enterprise: Building and running agile organizations (1st edition). Apress.
  • Nafei, W. A. (2016). Organizational agility: The key to organizational success. International Journal of Business and Management, 11(5), pp. 296-309. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v11n5p296
  • Nejatian, M., & Zarei, M. H. (2013). Moving towards organizational agility: Are we improving in the right direction? Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 14(4), pp. 241-253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40171-013-0048-3
  • Olbert, S., Prodoehl, H. G., & Worley, C. G. (2017). Organizational agility as a competitive factor: The “agile performer index”. France: NEOMA Business School, Reims Cedex.
  • Overby, E., Bharadwaj, A., & Sambamurthy, V. (2006). Enterprise agility and the enabling role of information technology. European Journal of Information Systems, 15(2), pp. 120-131. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.ejis.3000600
  • Ravichandran, T. (2018). Exploring the relationships between IT competence, innovation capacity and organizational agility. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 27(1), pp. 22-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2017.07.002
  • Rigby, D. K., Elk, S., & Berez, S. (2020). Doing agile right: Transformation without chaos (1st edition). Harvard Business Review Press.
  • Rzepka, A., & Bojar, E. (2020). Leadership as one of the factors shaping the development of an agile organization. Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research, 9(3), pp. 383-391.
  • Sambamurthy, V., Bharadwaj, A., & Grover, V. (2003). Shaping agility through digital options: Reconceptualizng the role of information tecnology in contemporary firms. MISS Quartely, 27(2), pp. 237-263. https://doi.org/10.2307/30036530
  • Shafiee K, S., & Shafiee, S. (2019). Rethinking organization design to enforce organizational agility. Paper presented at 11th Symposium on Competence-Based Strategic Management (SKM 2019), Stuttgart, Germany.
  • Shahaei, B. (2008). Paradigm of agility: Definitions, features and concepts. Tadbir Publications, 19(194), pp. 15-19.
  • Sharpa, J. M., Irani, Z., & Desai, S. (1999). Working towards agile manufacturing in the UK industry. International Journal of Production Economics, 62(1-2), pp. 155-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5273(98)00228-X
  • Sharifi, H., Colquhoun, G., Barclay, I., & Dann, Z. (2001). Agile manufacturing: A management and operational framework. Proceedings of The Institution of Mechanical Engineers-Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 215(6), pp. 857-869. https://doi.org/10.1243/0954405011518647
  • Sharifi, H., & Zhang, Z. (1999). A methodology for achieving agility in manufacturing organizations: An introduction. International Journal of Production Economics, 62(1-2), pp. 7-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5273(98)00217-5
  • Sherehiy, B., Karwowski, W., & Layer, J. K. (2007). A review of enterprise agility: Concepts, frameworks, and attributes. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 37(5), pp. 445-460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2007.01.007
  • Teece, D., Pisano, G., & Shuen A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), pp. 509-533. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199708)18:7<509::AID SMJ882>3.0.CO;2-Z
  • Uğurlu, Y. Ö., Çolakoğlu, E., & Öztosun, E. (2019). The effect of strategic agility on firm performance: A research in manufacturing firms. The Journal of Human and Work, 6(1), pp 93-106. https://doi.org/10.18394/iid.492829
  • Volberda, H. W. (1996). Toward the flexible form: How to remain vital in hypercompetitive environments. Organization Science, 7(4), pp. 359-374. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.7.4.359
  • Zaheer, A., & Zaheer, S. (1997). Catching the wave: Alertness, responsiveness, and the market influence in global electronic networks. Management Science, 43(11), pp. 1493-1509. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.43.11.1493
  • Zhang, D. Z. (2011). Towards theory building in agile manufacturing strategies—Case studies of an agility taxonomy. International Journal of Production Economics, 131(1), pp. 303-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2010.08.010
  • Zhang, D., & Sharifi, H. (2000). A methodology for achieving agility in manufacturing organisations. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 20(4), pp. 496-513. https://doi.org/10.1108/01443570010314818
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İşletme
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Mehmet Biçer 0000-0002-8868-4667

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Biçer, M. (2021). The Advantage of Being an Agile Organization in the Pandemic Crisis. Stratejik Yönetim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(2), 123-141.