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Expanding the Investıgation by The International Criminal Court: Example of the Situation in Palestine

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 60, 53 - 78, 25.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.54049/taad.1572870

Öz

In this article, it is discussed whether the investigation on the Situation in Palestine, which is being carried out by the International Criminal Court, will cover crimes committed by the authorities and citizens of the State of Israel after October 7, 2023. As a matter of fact, there is an investigation into the Situation in Palestine that has been carried out by the ICC Prosecutor’s Office since February 5, 2021. The question sought to be answered in this article is whether an incident that occurs after the initiation of the investigation, or circumstances that emerges in a space that is not mentioned in the investigation, can be subject to trial later by being handled within the context of the situation that constitutes the subject of the investigation, despite the ongoing investigation. For these purposes, the subject has been discussed within the framework of doctrine and ICC decisions. In this context, it was concluded that there was no need to initiate a new investigation before the ICC in terms of recent crimes committed in Palestine. In our opinion, both the the court’s jurisprudence and prosecutors’ statements indicate that, in addition to new war crimes committed after October 7, 2023, it is also possible to prosecute the perpetrators of genocide and crimes against humanity by being evaluated within the scope of the ongoing investigation when the trial phase begins. In this context, since it has been concluded that the current investigation includes these crimes being committed, it is imperative that evidence related to these crimes be included in the evidence-obtaining activities within the scope of the investigation and that the ICC takes this issue into consideration in the conduct of the investigation.

Etik Beyan

This article is not subject to Ethics Committee permission

Kaynakça

  • Abbassi S ‘The Decision of the International Criminal Court in the Palestine Situation: A beginning in the Prevention of Impunity for Israeli Crimes’ (2023) 4 (1) The Iranian Review for UN Studies 23, 30.23-48.
  • Adem S H Palestine and the International Criminal Court (Springer 2019)
  • Ambos K Stegmiller I ‘Prosecuting international crimes at the International Ciminal Court: is there a coherent and comprehensive prosecution strategy?’ (2013) 59 Crime Law Social Change 415-437
  • Bensouda F ‘Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, on the conclusion of the preliminary examination of the Situation in Palestine, and seeking a ruling on the scope of the Court’s territorial jurisdiction’ <https://www.icc-cpi.int/news/statement-icc-prosecutor-fatou-bensouda-conclusion-preliminary-examination-situation-palestine>Erişim tarihi 01.12.2023
  • Bourgon Stephane ‘Jurisdiction ratione temporis’ in Antonio Cassese, Paola Gaeta and John R. W. D. Jones (eds) The Romen Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary Volume I ( Oxford University Press 2002) 543-558
  • Bothe Michael ‘War Crimes’ John R. W. D. Jones ‘The Office of the Prosecutor’ in Antonio Cassese, Paola Gaeta and John R. W. D. Jones (eds) The Romen Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary Volume I (Oxford University Press 2002) 379-426
  • Bozbayındır A E Turkey and the International Criminal Court (Nomos 2013)
  • Caban P ‘Preliminary Examinations by the Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court’ (2011) 2 CYIL199-216.
  • Cassese A ‘From Nuremberg to Rome: International Military Tribunals to the International Criminal Court’ in Antonio Cassese, Paola Gaeta and John R. W. D. Jones (eds) The Romen Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary Volume II ( Oxford University Press 2002) 3-22
  • Cassese A ‘Genocide’ John R. W. D. Jones ‘The Office of the Prosecutor’ in Antonio Cassese, Paola Gaeta and John R. W. D. Jones (eds) The Romen Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary Volume I ( Oxford University Press 2002) 335-352
  • Cassese A ‘Crimes Against Humanity’ John R. W. D. Jones ‘The Office of the Prosecutor’ in Antonio Cassese, Paola Gaeta and John R. W. D. Jones (eds) The Romen Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary Volume I ( Oxford University Press 2002) 353- 378
  • Frulli M‘Jurisdiction ratione personae’ in Antonio Cassese, Paola Gaeta and John R. W. D. Jones (eds) The Romen Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary Volume I ( Oxford University Press 2002) 527-542
  • ICC https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/04-101-ten-corr Erişim tarihi 17.01.2024
  • ICC https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/RS-Eng.pdf Erişim tarihi 01.12.2023
  • ICC https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/18-143 Erişim tarihi 01.12.2023
  • ICC https://www.icc-cpi.int/situations-under-investigations Erişim tarihi 26.12.2023
  • ICC https://www.icc-cpi.int/case-records?f%5B0%5D=c_sit_code%3A1164&page=0 Erişim tarihi 26.12.2023
  • ICC https://www.icc-cpi.int/kenya Erişim tarihi 11.12.2023
  • ICC https://www.icc-cpi.int/news/statement-icc-prosecutor-karim-khan-kc-cairo-situation-state-palestine-and-israel Erişim tarihi 06.11.2023
  • ICC https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/18-143 Erişim tarihi 27.12.2023
  • Gökdemir M Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi’nde Soruşturma Usulü (1. Baskı Oniki Levha Yayıncılık 2018)
  • Gökşen E Uluslararası Ceza Hukukunda Bireysel Ceza Sorumluluğu (1. Bası Seçkin 2024)
  • Jawad S ‘Objectives of International Criminal Law and Jurisdiction of ICC’ (2015) 3 (3) Journal of Sociology and Anthropology 163-170
  • Jones J R W D ‘The Office of the Prosecutor’ in Antonio Cassese, Paola Gaeta and John R. W. D. Jones (eds) The Romen Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary Volume I (Oxford University Press 2002)
  • Karakehya H ‘Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi ve Uygulanabilir Hukuk’ (2008) 57 (2) AÜHFD 133-163.
  • Kelsall M S ‘Between false messiah and symbolic politics: The International Criminal Court and the ‘Situation in the State of Palestine’ (2022) 23, Palestinian Yearbook of International Law 156, 157156-177.
  • Novak A The International Criminal Court ( 1. Bası Springer 2015)
  • Önok M Tarihi Perspektifiyle Uluslararası Ceza Divanı ( 1. Bası Turhan Kitabevi, 1. Bası 2003)
  • Poyraz Y, Önen Ö V ‘Uluslararası Ceza Yargısının Gelişiminde Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesinin Rolü’ (2019) 4 (1) Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi Hukuk Dergisi 187-222.
  • Rastan R ‘What is a Case for the Purpose of the Rome Statute?’ (2008) 19 Criminal Law Forum, 435-448
  • Rastan R ‘The Jurisdictinal Scope of Situations Before the International Criminal Court’ (2012) 23 Criminal Law Forum 1-34
  • Rastan R ‘Situation and Case: Defining the Parameters’ ,in: Eds. Carsten Stahn, Mmohamed M. El Zeidy The International Criminal Court and Complementarity (Cambridge University Press 2014) 421-459
  • Rastan R, Badar M E ‘Article 11 Jurisdiction rationa temporis’ in: Triffterer, Ambos (ed) The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary, (Verlag C.H. Beck Ohg, 2016).
  • Scheffer D J ‘How to Turn the Tide Using the Rome Statute’s Temporal Jurisdiction’ (2004) 2 (1) Journal of International Criminal Justice 26-34
  • Sjöström M The Initiation of an Investigation Proprio Motu by the Prosecutor of the ICC – A Reasonable Basis to Proceed?’(2014) <https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:721739/FULLTEXT01.pdf,> Erişim tarihi 04.12.2023
  • Smith S E ‘Is the International Criminal Court Dying? And Examination of Symptoms’ (2022) 23 , Pregon Review of International Law 73, 7373-96.
  • Tezcan D, Erdem M R and Önok M Uluslararası Ceza Hukuku ( 7. Bası Seçkin 2023)
  • Udya R, Nayak A M ‘The Triggering Mechanism of the International Criminal Court’ (2021) 4 (3) International Journal of Law Management & Humanities 5007-5038.
  • van der Vyver J D‘Personal and Territorial Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court’ (2000) 14 (1) Emory International Law Review, 1,1-104.
  • Whiting A ‘Dynamic Investigative Practice at the International Criminal Court’(2013) 76 (3-4) Law and Contemporary Problems 163-190

ULUSLARASI CEZA MAHKEMESİ TARAFINDAN YÜRÜTÜLEN SORUŞTURMANIN GENİŞLETİLMESİ: FİLİSTİN DEVLETİ’NDEKİ DURUM ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 60, 53 - 78, 25.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.54049/taad.1572870

Öz

Bu makalede Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi (UCM) tarafından yürütülmekte olan Filistin Devleti’ndeki Durum Soruşturmasının 7 Ekim 2023 tarihinden sonra İsrail Devleti yetkilileri ve vatandaşları tarafından işlenen suçları kapsayıp kapsamayacağı tartışılmıştır. Nitekim UCM Savcılık Ofisi tarafından 5 Şubat 2021 tarihinden itibaren yürütülmekte olan bir Filistin Devleti’ndeki Durum Soruşturması bulunmaktadır. Bu makalede cevap aranan soru zamansal olarak soruşturmanın başlamasından sonra gerçekleşen bir olay, ya da soruşturmada ismi zikredilmeyen bir yerde gerçekleşen vakaların soruşturma devam ederken, soruşturmanın konusunu oluşturan durum kapsamında ele alınmak suretiyle daha sonrasında yargılama konusu edilip edilemeyeceğidir. Zikredilen bu amaçlarla konu doktrin ve UCM kararları çerçevesinde ele alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda yapılan incelemede Filistin’de işlenen yeni tarihli suçlar bakımından UCM nezdinde yeni bir soruşturma açılmasına gerek bulunmadığı kanaatine varılmıştır. Bize göre hem savcının açıklamaları hem de Mahkeme içtihatları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, özellikle 7 Ekim 2023 tarihinden sonra gerçekleştirilen yeni savaş suçlarının yanı sıra, yargılama aşamasına geçildiğinde soykırım ve insanlığa karşı suçların faillerinin de yürütülmekte olan soruşturma kapsamında değerlendirilmek suretiyle yapılacak olası bir yargılamada ele alınması mümkündür. Bu bağlamda şu anda yürütülmekte olan soruşturmanın işlenmekte olan bu suçları da kapsadığı kanaatine varıldığından, soruşturma kapsamında delil elde etme faaliyetlerine bu suçlara ilişkin delillerin de dahil edilmesi ve UCM’nin soruşturmanın yürütülmesinde bu hususu da göz önünde bulundurması zorunluluk arz etmektedir.

Etik Beyan

Bu makale Etik Kurul iznine tabi değildir

Kaynakça

  • Abbassi S ‘The Decision of the International Criminal Court in the Palestine Situation: A beginning in the Prevention of Impunity for Israeli Crimes’ (2023) 4 (1) The Iranian Review for UN Studies 23, 30.23-48.
  • Adem S H Palestine and the International Criminal Court (Springer 2019)
  • Ambos K Stegmiller I ‘Prosecuting international crimes at the International Ciminal Court: is there a coherent and comprehensive prosecution strategy?’ (2013) 59 Crime Law Social Change 415-437
  • Bensouda F ‘Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, on the conclusion of the preliminary examination of the Situation in Palestine, and seeking a ruling on the scope of the Court’s territorial jurisdiction’ <https://www.icc-cpi.int/news/statement-icc-prosecutor-fatou-bensouda-conclusion-preliminary-examination-situation-palestine>Erişim tarihi 01.12.2023
  • Bourgon Stephane ‘Jurisdiction ratione temporis’ in Antonio Cassese, Paola Gaeta and John R. W. D. Jones (eds) The Romen Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary Volume I ( Oxford University Press 2002) 543-558
  • Bothe Michael ‘War Crimes’ John R. W. D. Jones ‘The Office of the Prosecutor’ in Antonio Cassese, Paola Gaeta and John R. W. D. Jones (eds) The Romen Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary Volume I (Oxford University Press 2002) 379-426
  • Bozbayındır A E Turkey and the International Criminal Court (Nomos 2013)
  • Caban P ‘Preliminary Examinations by the Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court’ (2011) 2 CYIL199-216.
  • Cassese A ‘From Nuremberg to Rome: International Military Tribunals to the International Criminal Court’ in Antonio Cassese, Paola Gaeta and John R. W. D. Jones (eds) The Romen Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary Volume II ( Oxford University Press 2002) 3-22
  • Cassese A ‘Genocide’ John R. W. D. Jones ‘The Office of the Prosecutor’ in Antonio Cassese, Paola Gaeta and John R. W. D. Jones (eds) The Romen Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary Volume I ( Oxford University Press 2002) 335-352
  • Cassese A ‘Crimes Against Humanity’ John R. W. D. Jones ‘The Office of the Prosecutor’ in Antonio Cassese, Paola Gaeta and John R. W. D. Jones (eds) The Romen Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary Volume I ( Oxford University Press 2002) 353- 378
  • Frulli M‘Jurisdiction ratione personae’ in Antonio Cassese, Paola Gaeta and John R. W. D. Jones (eds) The Romen Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary Volume I ( Oxford University Press 2002) 527-542
  • ICC https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/04-101-ten-corr Erişim tarihi 17.01.2024
  • ICC https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/RS-Eng.pdf Erişim tarihi 01.12.2023
  • ICC https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/18-143 Erişim tarihi 01.12.2023
  • ICC https://www.icc-cpi.int/situations-under-investigations Erişim tarihi 26.12.2023
  • ICC https://www.icc-cpi.int/case-records?f%5B0%5D=c_sit_code%3A1164&page=0 Erişim tarihi 26.12.2023
  • ICC https://www.icc-cpi.int/kenya Erişim tarihi 11.12.2023
  • ICC https://www.icc-cpi.int/news/statement-icc-prosecutor-karim-khan-kc-cairo-situation-state-palestine-and-israel Erişim tarihi 06.11.2023
  • ICC https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-01/18-143 Erişim tarihi 27.12.2023
  • Gökdemir M Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi’nde Soruşturma Usulü (1. Baskı Oniki Levha Yayıncılık 2018)
  • Gökşen E Uluslararası Ceza Hukukunda Bireysel Ceza Sorumluluğu (1. Bası Seçkin 2024)
  • Jawad S ‘Objectives of International Criminal Law and Jurisdiction of ICC’ (2015) 3 (3) Journal of Sociology and Anthropology 163-170
  • Jones J R W D ‘The Office of the Prosecutor’ in Antonio Cassese, Paola Gaeta and John R. W. D. Jones (eds) The Romen Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary Volume I (Oxford University Press 2002)
  • Karakehya H ‘Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi ve Uygulanabilir Hukuk’ (2008) 57 (2) AÜHFD 133-163.
  • Kelsall M S ‘Between false messiah and symbolic politics: The International Criminal Court and the ‘Situation in the State of Palestine’ (2022) 23, Palestinian Yearbook of International Law 156, 157156-177.
  • Novak A The International Criminal Court ( 1. Bası Springer 2015)
  • Önok M Tarihi Perspektifiyle Uluslararası Ceza Divanı ( 1. Bası Turhan Kitabevi, 1. Bası 2003)
  • Poyraz Y, Önen Ö V ‘Uluslararası Ceza Yargısının Gelişiminde Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesinin Rolü’ (2019) 4 (1) Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi Hukuk Dergisi 187-222.
  • Rastan R ‘What is a Case for the Purpose of the Rome Statute?’ (2008) 19 Criminal Law Forum, 435-448
  • Rastan R ‘The Jurisdictinal Scope of Situations Before the International Criminal Court’ (2012) 23 Criminal Law Forum 1-34
  • Rastan R ‘Situation and Case: Defining the Parameters’ ,in: Eds. Carsten Stahn, Mmohamed M. El Zeidy The International Criminal Court and Complementarity (Cambridge University Press 2014) 421-459
  • Rastan R, Badar M E ‘Article 11 Jurisdiction rationa temporis’ in: Triffterer, Ambos (ed) The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court: A Commentary, (Verlag C.H. Beck Ohg, 2016).
  • Scheffer D J ‘How to Turn the Tide Using the Rome Statute’s Temporal Jurisdiction’ (2004) 2 (1) Journal of International Criminal Justice 26-34
  • Sjöström M The Initiation of an Investigation Proprio Motu by the Prosecutor of the ICC – A Reasonable Basis to Proceed?’(2014) <https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:721739/FULLTEXT01.pdf,> Erişim tarihi 04.12.2023
  • Smith S E ‘Is the International Criminal Court Dying? And Examination of Symptoms’ (2022) 23 , Pregon Review of International Law 73, 7373-96.
  • Tezcan D, Erdem M R and Önok M Uluslararası Ceza Hukuku ( 7. Bası Seçkin 2023)
  • Udya R, Nayak A M ‘The Triggering Mechanism of the International Criminal Court’ (2021) 4 (3) International Journal of Law Management & Humanities 5007-5038.
  • van der Vyver J D‘Personal and Territorial Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court’ (2000) 14 (1) Emory International Law Review, 1,1-104.
  • Whiting A ‘Dynamic Investigative Practice at the International Criminal Court’(2013) 76 (3-4) Law and Contemporary Problems 163-190
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hukuk (Diğer)
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Tuba Kelep Pekmez 0000-0003-2569-5155

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Ekim 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 27 Ağustos 2024
Kabul Tarihi 16 Ekim 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Sayı: 60

Kaynak Göster

APA Kelep Pekmez, T. (2024). ULUSLARASI CEZA MAHKEMESİ TARAFINDAN YÜRÜTÜLEN SORUŞTURMANIN GENİŞLETİLMESİ: FİLİSTİN DEVLETİ’NDEKİ DURUM ÖRNEĞİ. Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi(60), 53-78. https://doi.org/10.54049/taad.1572870
AMA Kelep Pekmez T. ULUSLARASI CEZA MAHKEMESİ TARAFINDAN YÜRÜTÜLEN SORUŞTURMANIN GENİŞLETİLMESİ: FİLİSTİN DEVLETİ’NDEKİ DURUM ÖRNEĞİ. TAAD. Ekim 2024;(60):53-78. doi:10.54049/taad.1572870
Chicago Kelep Pekmez, Tuba. “ULUSLARASI CEZA MAHKEMESİ TARAFINDAN YÜRÜTÜLEN SORUŞTURMANIN GENİŞLETİLMESİ: FİLİSTİN DEVLETİ’NDEKİ DURUM ÖRNEĞİ”. Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi, sy. 60 (Ekim 2024): 53-78. https://doi.org/10.54049/taad.1572870.
EndNote Kelep Pekmez T (01 Ekim 2024) ULUSLARASI CEZA MAHKEMESİ TARAFINDAN YÜRÜTÜLEN SORUŞTURMANIN GENİŞLETİLMESİ: FİLİSTİN DEVLETİ’NDEKİ DURUM ÖRNEĞİ. Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi 60 53–78.
IEEE T. Kelep Pekmez, “ULUSLARASI CEZA MAHKEMESİ TARAFINDAN YÜRÜTÜLEN SORUŞTURMANIN GENİŞLETİLMESİ: FİLİSTİN DEVLETİ’NDEKİ DURUM ÖRNEĞİ”, TAAD, sy. 60, ss. 53–78, Ekim 2024, doi: 10.54049/taad.1572870.
ISNAD Kelep Pekmez, Tuba. “ULUSLARASI CEZA MAHKEMESİ TARAFINDAN YÜRÜTÜLEN SORUŞTURMANIN GENİŞLETİLMESİ: FİLİSTİN DEVLETİ’NDEKİ DURUM ÖRNEĞİ”. Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi 60 (Ekim 2024), 53-78. https://doi.org/10.54049/taad.1572870.
JAMA Kelep Pekmez T. ULUSLARASI CEZA MAHKEMESİ TARAFINDAN YÜRÜTÜLEN SORUŞTURMANIN GENİŞLETİLMESİ: FİLİSTİN DEVLETİ’NDEKİ DURUM ÖRNEĞİ. TAAD. 2024;:53–78.
MLA Kelep Pekmez, Tuba. “ULUSLARASI CEZA MAHKEMESİ TARAFINDAN YÜRÜTÜLEN SORUŞTURMANIN GENİŞLETİLMESİ: FİLİSTİN DEVLETİ’NDEKİ DURUM ÖRNEĞİ”. Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi, sy. 60, 2024, ss. 53-78, doi:10.54049/taad.1572870.
Vancouver Kelep Pekmez T. ULUSLARASI CEZA MAHKEMESİ TARAFINDAN YÜRÜTÜLEN SORUŞTURMANIN GENİŞLETİLMESİ: FİLİSTİN DEVLETİ’NDEKİ DURUM ÖRNEĞİ. TAAD. 2024(60):53-78.