ASPİR (Carthamus tinctorius L.) – KOLZA (Brassica napus spp. oleifera L.) TARIMI VE ISLAHI

Öz

Yağlı tohumlu bitkiler yıllardır yemeklik yağ ihtiyacını karşılayan önemli bir kaynaktır.  Ayrıca, bitkisel yağlar endüstriyel uygulamalarda petrokimyasalların yerine ve biyodizel üretiminde de kullanılmaktadır.  Yağlı tohumlu bitkiler aynı zamanda yüksek proteine sahip küspeleri ile de değerlidirler.

Aspir ve kolza dünyanın önemli yağ bitkilerdir. Hem yemeklik hem de endüstriyel kullanıma uygun yağa sahiptirler. Kolza ve aspir gibi yağlı tohumlu bitkilerin, tahıllar veya diğer bitkilerle ekim nöbetinde yer almasıyla, hastalık ve zararlıların azalması, toprağın organik madde içeriğinin artması ve üreticilere ek gelir sağlanabilir. Bu ürünlerin Türkiye ekonomisine, tarımına ve çevreye yararlı olacağı açıktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı aspir ve kolza tarımı ile ıslahı konusunda kısaca bilgi vermektir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aspir; kolza, biyodizel; tarım; ıslah

SAFFLOWER (Carthamus tinctorius L.) –RAPESEED (Brassica napus spp. oleifera L.) CULTIVATION and BREEDING

Öz

Oilseed Crops will be an important resource for years to come as consumption of food oils. Furthermore, vegetable oils begin to replace petrochemicals in many industrial applications and biodiesel production.  Oilseed crops have also an importance as high-protein meal.

Safflower and rapeseed are important oilseed crops around the world.  They produce vegetable oils for use in both nutritional and industrial applications.  Oilseeds such as  rapeseed and safflower are grown in rotation with cereals or other crops for several reasons such as: breaking pest and disease cycles,  adding residue or organic matter to the soil,  and  providing additional income to the farmers.

It is clear that these crops have provided economic, environmental and agronomic benefits to Turkey. Main objective this paper is to present briefly information on safflower and rapeseed cultivation, and breeding. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Safflower; rapeseed; biodiesel; cultivation; breeding

Kaynakça

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