Morphological and Agronomical Characteristics of a Rhizomatous Crested Wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum L. Gaertn.) Collected from Ankara Province

Öz

The use of natural material in ongoing breeding programs provides a unique resource and they have vital importance to improve plant production and rehabilitation of degraded rangelands. The aim of this study was to improve the new rhizomatous crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum L. Gaertn.) collections with high adaptation ability for rangeland improvement using national genetic sources. A total of 8 genotypes collected from the region and from other institutions were tested the morphological and phenological characters. After testing one population, G-466, with rhizome was selected and to be evaluated further. The mass selection was implemented in this study. Two trials with G-466 and population were conducted during the years of 2007 to 2010 in Yenimahalle and Gölbaşı locations, Ankara. The observed morphological, and agronomical characteristics were main stem height, main stem thickness, internode length, node numbers per main stem, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, forage yield and hay yield. Data were statistically analyzed and measured characteristics of two genotypes were compared by F test. Correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship among the characters. The morphological characters as main stem height, main stem thickness, internode distance long, node numbers per main stem, flag leaf length and flag leaf width in G-466 were 58.5 cm, 2.1 mm; 13.2 cm, 3.7; 8.4 cm, 4.9 mm, respectively. There was no significant difference between the studied genotypes in fresh forage and hay yields on the two location-averages. Fresh forage and hay yields in G-466 were 482.2 kg/da and 120.6 kg/da, respectively. High correlation (0.893) found between hay yield and main stem length. There were also high correlation length of internode and node numbers in main stem with hay yield. As considered hay quality, the G-466 had higher crude protein content (11.58-11.33%), than population (9.71-10.58%) in 2009 and 2010. But it was lower relative feeding value than population. In conclusion, the G-466 genotype is recommended for grassland improvement and making artificial pasture as using alone or in mixtures. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Rhizomatous crested wheatgrass; morphological characters; agronomical characters

Ankara İlinden Toplanan Rizomlu Otlak Ayrığının (Agropyron cristatum L. Gaertn.) Morfolojik ve Agronomik Karakterleri

Öz

Islah programında genetik kaynakların kullanılması bu konuda yürütülen çalışmaları zenginleştirir ve bitki üretiminin geliştirilmesi ve bozuluş mera alanlarının iyileştirilmesi için hayati öneme sahiptirler. Bu çalışmada genetik kaynaklardan mera ıslahına yönelik adaptasyon kabiliyeti yüksek yeni rizomlu otlak ayrığı (Agropyron cristatum L. Gaertn.) kolleksiyonlarının geliştirilmesi, amaçlanmıştır. Diğer enstitülerden ve bölgeden sağlanan 8 adet genotip morfolojik ve fenolojik özellikler açısından incelenmiştir. Bu işlemden sonra G-466 rizomlu genotip seçılmiş ve daha sonra değerlendirilecektir. Bu çalışmada toptan seleksiyon metodu uygulanmıştır. Ankara’nın iki ilçesi Yenimahalle ve Gölbaşında 2007-2010 yılları arasında G-466 ile popülasyon materyallerinin yer aldığı iki deneme tesis edilmiştir. Morfolojik ve tarımsal özellikler ana sap uzunluğu, ana sap kalınlığı, ana saptaki boğum sayısı, bayrak yaprağın uzunluğu ve genişliği ile yeşil ve kuru ot verimleridir. Tüm deneme verileri istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiş ve iki genotipin incelenen özellikleri F testiyle karşılaştırılmıştır. Özelikler arası ilişkiler belirlenmek için korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Morfolojik özellikler ana sap uzunluğu ve ana sap kalınlığı, boğum arası uzunluk, ana saptaki boğum sayısı, bayrak yaprağının uzunluğu ve genişliği G-466 genotipinde sırayla 58.5 cm, 2.1 mm; 13.2 cm, 3.7; 8.4 cm, 4.9 mm olmuştur. Her iki lokasyonda yeşil ot ve kuru ot verimleri açısından çalışılan her iki genotip arasında fark bulunmamıştır. Genotip G-466’nın yeşil ot ve kuru ot verimleri sırayla 482.2 kg/da and 120.6 kg/da, olarak tespit edilmiştir. Kuru ot verimi ve ana sap uzunluğu arasında yüksek korelasyon (0.893) bulunmuştur. Boğum arası uzunluk ve ana saptaki boğum sayısı ile kuru ot verimi arasında da yüksek düzeyde korelasyon vardır. Kuru ot kalitesi düşünüldüğünde, 2009 ve 2010 yıllarında genotip G-466 (%11.58 ve %11.33) populasyondan (%9.71 ve %10.58 ) daha yüksek ham protein oranına sahip olmuştur. Fakat nispi yem değeri popülasyondan daha düşük olmuştur. Sonuç olarak G-466 genotipi mera ıslahı ve suni mera tesisleri için yalın ya da karışımlar halinde kullanılması tavsiye edilir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Rizomlu otlak ayrığı; morfolojik özellikler; tarımsal özellikler

Kaynakça

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