The Important Threat in Potato Production in Turkey: The Columbia Root-Knot Nematode [Meloidogyne chitwoodi Golden, O’Bannon, Santos & Finley, 1980 (Nemata: Tylenchida)]

Öz

Nematodes are one of important pest in agricultural production and cause serious yield losses. In the past, Root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) was in the second rank after cyst nematodes (Globodera spp., Heterodera spp.), but now, they become important because of the identification of new species and ban of some nematicides. M. chitwoodi is one of the quarantine organisms in EPPO and Turkey, and special regulations exist for planting and transporting seed potatoes in order to control this organism. M. chitwoodi, was firstly identified from infected potato tubers collected from Niğde and then it was determined in Nevşehir, Konya, Kayseri, Aksaray, Bitlis, İzmir, Manisa, Kütahya, Balıkesir ve Isparta provinces of Turkey. In this study, prevalence, races, biology, hosts, damages and management of M. chitwoodi and in Turkey and the world were evaluated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Meloidogyne chitwood
• root-knot nematode
• potato
• nematode

Türkiye Patates Üretiminde Önemli Bir Tehdit: Kolombiya Kök-Ur Nematodu [Meloidogyne chitwoodi Golden, O’Bannon, Santos & Finley, 1980 (Nemata: Tylenchida)]

Öz

Nematodlar tarımsal üretimde bitkilerde zarar yapan etmenlerin başında gelmekte ve, verimde çok ciddi azalmalara neden olmaktadır. Geçmişte kök-ur nematodları (Meloidogyne spp.) önem derecesi açısından kist nematodlarından (Globodera spp., Heterodera spp.) sonra ikinci sırada yer almalarına karşın kullanılan nematisitlerin azaltılması ve birçok yeni türün tespit edilmesiyle Meloidogyne cinsi giderek daha önemli hale gelmiştir. M. chitwoodi, Türkiye ve EPPOkarantina listesinde olup, tohumluk patateslerin taşınması ve dikimi açısından etmeni kontrol altına almak için özel düzenlemeler bulunmaktadır. M. chitwoodi ülkemizde ilk olarak Niğde ili patates ekiliş alanlarından elde edilen yumrularda tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonraları Nevşehir, Konya, Kayseri, Aksaray, Bitlis, İzmir, Manisa, Kütahya, Balıkesir ve Isparta illerinde tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada M. chitwoodi’nin yaygınlığı, ırkları, biyolojisi, konukçuları, zarar şekli ve mücadelesi açısından dünyadaki ve Türkiye’deki durumu değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Meloidogyne chitwoodi
• kök-ur nematodu
• patates
• nematod

Kaynakça

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