Sera Isıtma Kapasitelerinin Mısır İklim Koşullarında Hesaplanması: Bir Bilgisayar Programı Kullanımı

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1, 25 - 40, 30.04.2024

Nashwa Ghaly , Gürkan A. K. Gürdil , Hüseyin Duran , Bahadır Demirel

Öz

Son nüfus projeksiyonlarına göre, dünya nüfusunun 2050 yılına kadar 9,8 milyara ulaşması ve bunun da küresel gıda güvenliği ve tatlı su kaynaklarının mevcudiyeti açısından önemli zorluklar yaratması beklenmektedir. Mısır'daki korumalı yetiştiricilik sektörü, kış mevsiminde toptan satış pazarlarına taze yapraklı sebze ve meyve tedarik ederek makul fiyatlarla yeterli miktarda ürün sunduğu için gıda güvenliğinin sağlanmasında çok önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Seraların ve korumalı yetiştiriciliğin etkin yönetimi, iklim dinamiklerinin ve yetiştirilen ürünler için en uygun çevre koşullarının tam olarak anlaşılmasını gerektirir. Seralarda sağlam yönetim uygulamalarının hayata geçirilmesi için iklim değişkenlerinin çeşitli mevsimler boyunca bitki büyümesi ve üretimi üzerindeki etkisinin anlaşılması zorunludur. Isıtma ve soğutma sistemleri sera üretiminde önemli giderleri temsil etmektedir. Isıtma sistemlerinin yetersizliği, sera ürünlerinin kalitesi, verimi, yetiştirme süresi ve miktarı üzerinde zararlı sonuçlara yol açmaktadır. Bu nedenle, ısıtma maliyetlerinin doğru bir şekilde hesaplanması, işletme maliyetlerinin azaltılması için kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, seranın coğrafi konumu, ürün tipi, örtü malzemesi, ısıtma sistemi tipi ve seranın toprak alanı büyüklüğü gibi çeşitli faktörler dikkate alınarak seraların ısıtma taleplerini belirlemeyi amaçlayan bir bilgisayar programı geliştirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, Dakahlia ve Behara valiliklerinin sırasıyla çilek için 37.31 kW, biber için 27.8 kW ve çilek için 50.89 kW, biber için 40.62 kW olmak üzere en yüksek ısıtma ihtiyaçlarına sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bununla birlikte, Giza, Gharbia, Nubaria, Sharkia, Ismailia, Menoufia, Damietta, Kafr El-Sheikh ve Suez valiliklerinde sera içinde ısıtma gereksinimi bulunmamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tarım, sera, ısıtma kapasitesi, bilgisayar programı, Mısır

Calculating Greenhouse Heating Capacities under Egypt's Climate Conditions: Using a Computational Program

Öz

According to recent projections, the world's population is anticipated to reach 9.8 billion by 2050, posing significant challenges to global food security and the availability of freshwater resources. The sector of protected cultivation in Egypt plays a pivotal role in ensuring food security, as it supplies wholesale markets with fresh leafy vegetables and fruits during the winter season, offering adequate quantities at reasonable prices. The effective management of greenhouses and protected cultivation necessitates a thorough understanding of climate dynamics and the optimal environmental conditions for cultivated crops. To implement sound management practices for greenhouses, it is imperative to comprehend the influence of climate variables on plant growth and production throughout various seasons. Heating and cooling systems represent significant expenses in greenhouse production. The inadequacy of heating systems has detrimental consequences on the quality, yield, cultivation duration, and quantity of greenhouse products. Therefore, the accurate calculation of the heating costs is critical to decrease the operating costs. In this study, a computer program was developed to calculate heating requirements for glasshouses according to geographical location, product type, cover material, heating system type, and the greenhouse's ground area size. The results reveal that Dakahlia and Behara governorates exhibited the highest heating requirements, with values of 37.31 kW for strawberry, 27.8 kW for pepper, 50.89 kW for strawberry, and 40.62 kW for pepper, respectively. Conversely, Giza, Gharbia, Nubaria, Sharkia, Ismailia, Menoufia, Damietta, Kafr El-Sheikh, and Suez governorates did not require heating inside the greenhouses.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Agriculture, greenhouse, heating capacity, Computational Program, Egypt

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