Hint Kökenli Dinlerde Manastır Yaşamı ve Tekke Hayatı Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 43, 55 - 84, 05.01.2021

Yasin Güzeldal

Öz

Manevi bir hedefe ulaşmak için dünyevi arzuları reddetmek anlamına gelen asketizm ya da zühd hayatı, neredeyse tüm dinlerde izleri bulunan bir yaşam şeklidir. Bu yaşam şeklinin en eski izlerine ise Hint kökenli dinlerde rastlanmaktadır. Manevi olana ulaşmak için maddi olandan feragat etmek olarak da anlaşılabilecek olan asketizm ve riyazet hayatı genellikle yeme-içme, kılık-kıyafet ve uyku düzeni gibi fiziksel aktivitelere getirilen kısıtlamalarla ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu sebeple, riyazet hayatı ve asketizm ögelerinin incelendiği bu makalede, Hint kökenli dinler ve tasavvuf geleneğindeki kurumsal benzerliklerden ziyade Hint kökenli dinlerin kutsal metinleri ve tasavvuf klasikleri temel alınarak her iki geleneğin de bu konudaki benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları ortaya koyulmaya çalışılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Riyâzet, Hint Dinleri, Tasavvuf, Asketizm, Manastır Yaşamı

دراسة عن الحياة الرهبانية والحياة التكية في الأديان الهندية الأصل

Öz

الزهد أو تدريب الذات، الذي يعني رفض الرغبات الدنيوية لتحقيق هدف روحي، هو أسلوب حياة له آثار في جميع الأديان تقريبًا. تم العثور على أقدم آثار أسلوب الحياة هذا في الأديان الهندية الأصل. غالبًا ما يأتي الزهد و تدريب الذات، والذي يمكن فهمه على أنه نبذ للمادة من أجل الوصول إلى الروحانية، في المقدمة مع قيود على الأنشطة البدنية مثل الأكل والشرب وارتداء الملابس وأنماط النوم. لهذا السبب، في هذا المقال الذي يبحث في عناصر تدريب الذات والزهد، سيحاول الكشف عن أوجه الشبه والاختلاف بين كلا التقليدين حول هذا الموضوع، بناءً على النصوص المقدسة للأديان الهندية الأصل والصوفية الكلاسيكيات بدلاً من التشابه المؤسسي في الأديان الهندية الأصل والتقاليد الصوفية.

Anahtar Kelimeler

الزهد, الأديان الهندية, الصوفية, الحياة الرهبانية

A Study on Monastic Life and Lodge Life in Indian Originated Religions

Öz

Asceticism or training of the self, which means denying worldly desires to achieve a spiritual goal, is a way of life that has its traces in almost all religions. Asceticism and training of the self, which can be understood as renunciation of the material in order to reach the spiritual, often come to the fore with restrictions on physical activities such as eating and drinking, dressing and sleeping patterns. For this reason, in this article, which examines the elements of training of the self and asceticism, it will be tried to reveal the similarities and differences of both traditions on this subject, based on the sacred texts of the Indian origin religions and the Sufi classics rather than the institutional similarities in the religions of Indian origin and the Sufi tradition.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Asceticism, Hindu Religions, Sufism, Monasticism

Kaynakça

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