Virulence of two strains of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) against adults of Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Öz

Türkiye is the country of origin for the wheat plant, and a significant portion of wheat production is concentrated in the southeastern and central provinces. One of the most serious pests affecting stored wheat grains in Türkiye is Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), posing a significant threat to wheat production. This study evaluated the efficacy of two locally sourced entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) species, Steinernema feltiae (Strain 8) and Steinernema carpocapsae (Strain 27), isolated from olive and plum orchards in Bilecik, Türkiye. The experiment was conducted using four different concentrations of infective juveniles (IJs) (250, 500, 1000, and 2000 IJs/ml) at four temperatures (15, 20, 25, and 30 °C). Mortality rates of S. granarius adults were assessed over an 8-day period following the application of EPNs. Results showed that on the 8th day post-application, the lowest number of surviving S. granarius adults was recorded at the 1000 IJs/ml concentration of S. carpocapsae, with 0.63±0.47 at 25 °C. This was followed by 0.83±0.69 at 30 °C and 0.83±1.06 at 20 °C for the same nematode species. In contrast, S. feltiae exhibited higher survival rates, with 1.63±0.94 living adults at 20 °C and 2.00±0.70 at 2000 IJs/ml on the 8th day post-application. Overall, the S. carpocapsae (Strain 27) isolate demonstrated greater efficacy in infecting S. granarius adults compared to the S. feltiae (Strain 8) isolate. Both isolates exhibit significant potential for use in the biological control of S. granarius adults.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sitophilus granarius
• Steinernema feltiae
• Steinernema carpocapsae
• biological control

İki yerel entomopatojen nematod türünün (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) farklı sıcaklıklarda buğday unlu biti Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) erginleri üzerindeki etkinliği

Öz

Türkiye, buğday bitkisinin anavatanıdır. Türkiye'de buğday üretimi özellikle İç ve Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgelerinde yoğunlaşmıştır. Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), buğdayda başlıca depo zararlılarından biri olup, Türkiye'de buğday üretiminde önemli bir sorun teşkil etmektedir. Türkiye'de Bilecik ilinden zeytin ve erik bahçelerinden elde edilen iki yerel entomopatojenik nematod türü: Steinernema feltiae (İzolat 8), S. carpocapsae (İzolat 27), dört farklı konsantrasyon (250, 500, 1000 ve 2000 IJs/ml) ve dört farklı sıcaklıkta (15, 20, 25 ve 30 °C) S. granarius erginleri üzerinde test edilmiştir. İki entomopatojen nematod izolatının S. granarius üzerindeki enfeksiyon oranları ve etkinlikleri 8 gün boyunca izlenmiş ve ölüm oranları tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, uygulama sonrası 8. günde S. granarius’un ergin canlı sayısı, S. feltiae ve S. carpocapsae’nin farklı IJs dozlarına göre karşılaştırıldığında en düşük canlı ergin sayısı 3. dozda (1000 IJs/ml) S. carpocapsae’de 25 °C’de 0.63±0.47 olarak gözlenirken, bunu S. carpocapsae’nin 30 °C’de verdiği sonuçlar (0.83±0.69) ve 20 °C sıcaklıktaki (0.83±1.06) takip etmiştir. S. feltiae’de ise uygulama sonrası 8. günde 2000 IJ/ml dozunda 20 °C’de 1.63±0.94, 20 °C’de ise 2.00±0.70 canlı ergin sayısı gözlemlenmiştir. Genel olarak, S. carpocapsae/27 izolatının S. granarius erginlerini S. feltiae/8 izolatına göre daha başarılı bir şekilde enfekte ettiği ve her iki izolatın da S. granarius erginlerine karşı biyolojik mücadelede kullanılma potansiyeline sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sitophilus granarius
• Steinernema feltiae
• Steinernema carpocapsae
• biyolojik mücadele.

Kaynakça

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