Natural enemies of Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on vineyards in Diyarbakır, Mardin and Elazığ Provinces, Türkiye

Öz

Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) is a major pest of vineyards across the Mediterranean region. In the present study, intensive infestations of P. ficus were detected in several localities, causing serious damage to vineyards in the provinces of Diyarbakır, Mardin, and Elazığ in Türkiye. Surveys were conducted to identify the natural enemies associated with this pest. The study revealed the presence of eight parasitoid species belonging to the family Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera), one coccinellid parasitoid and three hyperparasitoid species within the families Aphelinidae and Eulophidae. Hyperparasitoids were observed to parasitise the primary parasitoids of P. ficus. The most common parasitoid species identified were Anagyrus dactylopii (Howard) (12.23%), Anagyrus pseudococci (Girault) (5.88%), and Coccidoxenoides perminutus (Girault) (2.58%). In addition, the hyperparasitoid Marietta picta (André) was found at a rate of 15.76% on different Planococcus parasitoid species. Several predatory insects were also identified, including seven species from Coccinellidae, one from Chrysopidae, two from Hemerobiidae, and one from Cecidomyiidae. Notably, Gyranusoidea hecale (Noyes & Hayat) (Encyrtidae) and Sympherobius domesticus (Nakahara) (Hemerobiidae) are reported here for the first time from Türkiye.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Parasitids
• Predators
• Biological Control
• Mealybugs
• Türkiye

Diyarbakır, Mardin ve Elazığ İlleri üzüm bağlarında Planococcus ficus (Signoret)'un (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) doğal düşmanları

Öz

Planococcus ficus (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), Akdeniz bölgesi genelinde bağların önemli bir zararlısıdır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de Diyarbakır, Mardin ve Elazığ illerindeki çeşitli lokalitelerde P. ficus’un yoğun populasyonlarına rastlanmış ve bağlarda ciddi zararlara yol açtığı belirlenmiştir. Zararlı ile ilişkili doğal düşmanları belirlemek amacıyla arazi sürveyleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, Hymenoptera takımına bağlı Encyrtidae familyasına ait sekiz parazitoit türü, bir coccinellid parazitoiti ile Aphelinidae ve Eulophidae familyalarına ait üç hiperparazitoit türü tespit edilmiştir. Hiperparazitoitlerin, P. ficus’un birincil parazitoitlerini parazitlediği gözlenmiştir. Belirlenen en yaygın parazitoit türleri Anagyrus dactylopii (Howard) (%12,23), Anagyrus pseudococci (Girault) (%5,88) ve Coccidoxenoides perminutus (Girault) (%2,58) olmuştur. Ayrıca, hiperparazitoit Marietta picta (André)’nın farklı Planococcus parazitoit türleri üzerinde %15,76 oranında bulunduğu saptanmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, yedi Coccinellidae, bir Chrysopidae, iki Hemerobiidae ve bir Cecidomyiidae türü olmak üzere çeşitli predatör böcek türleri de belirlenmiştir. Özellikle, Gyranusoidea hecale (Noyes & Hayat) (Encyrtidae) ve Sympherobius domesticus (Nakahara) (Hemerobiidae) türleri Türkiye’den ilk kez bu çalışma ile rapor edilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Parazitoit
• Avcı
• Biyolojik mücadele
• Unlubit
• Türkiye

Kaynakça

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