Predator akar Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae)'un dört farklı popülasyonunun spirodiclofen, hexythiazox, etoxazole karşı direnç düzeyleri ve direnç mekanizmalarının belirlenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Isparta ili elma bahçelerinden 2013 yılında toplanan Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) popülasyonlarının spirodiclofen, hexythiazox ve etoxazole karşı duyarlılık düzeyleri biyoassay yöntemlerle belirlenmiştir. N. californicus popülasyonlarının LC50 değeri ilaçlama kulesi kullanılarak yaprak disk metodu ile bulunmuştur. 2013 yılında elma bahçelerinden toplanan N. californicus'un Gönen, Esinyurt, Gelendost ve Ağılköy beldelerinden toplanan popülasyonlarında spirodiclofen'e karşı sırasıyla 6.36, 7.52, 5.12 ve 6.57 kat; hexythiazox‟a karĢı 7.75, 8.02, 5.23 ve 8.06 kat ve etoxazole karşı 11.47, 13.31, 6.59 ve 11.75 kat direnç belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca N. californicus popülasyonlarında PBO, IBP ve DEM sinerjistlerinin akarisiler ile sinerjistik etkileri incelenmiştir. PBO, IBP ve DEM sinerjistik etki sonuçları Gönen popülasyonu için ˂1-1.37 kat, 1.02-1.35 kat ve ˂1 kat; Esinyurt popülasyonu için ˂1-1.26 kat, 1.23-1.33 kat ve ˂1 kat; Gelendost popülasyonu için ˂1, ˂1-1.01 ve ˂1 kat; Ağılköy popülasyonu için ˂1-1.05 kat, 1.02-1.72 kat ve ˂1 kat değerleri arasında belirlenmiştir. N. californicus popülasyonlarında glutathion S-transferaz (GST) ve monooksigenaz (P450) enzimleri kinetik yöntemle, esteraz enzimi elektroforez ve kinetik yöntemlerle belirlenmiştir. Esteraz, glutathion S-transferaz (GST) ve monooksigenaz (P450) enzim aktiviteleri sırasıyla 8.98- 11.05, 2.05-2.62 ve 0.0239-0.0426 mOD min-1 mg -1 protein olarak bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Neoseiulus californicus
• akarisit
• direnç
• sinerjist
• detoksifikasyon enzimleri

Resistance levels and resistance mechanisms of four different populations of the predatory mite Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acari:Phytoseiidae) against spirodiclofen, hexythiazox and etoxazole

Öz

In this study, the sensitivity levels of Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) populations collected from apple orchards in Isparta province in 2013 to spirodiclofen, hexythiazox and etoxazole were determined by means of bioassay. The LC50 values of N. californicus populations were determined with the leaf disk method and a spray tower. In the populations of N. californicus collected from apple orchards in Gönen, Esinyurt, Gelendost and Ağılköy towns, 6.36-, 7.52-, 5.12- and 6.57-fold resistance to spirodiclofen was found, respectively; 7.75-, 8.02-, 5.23- and 8.06-fold resistance to hexythiazox was found, respectively; and 11.47-, 13.31-, 6.59- and 11.75-fold resistance to etoxazole was found, respectively. Furthermore, the effects of the synergists PBO, IBP and DEM were studied in N. californicus populations. The results for the synergistic effects of PBO, IBP and DEM were ˂1-1.37, 1.02-1.35 and ˂1-fold, respectively, for the Gönen population; ˂1-1.26, 1.23-1.33 and ˂1 fold, respectively, for the Esinyurt population; ˂1, ˂1-1.01 and ˂1fold, respectively, for the Gelendost population; and ˂1-1.05, 1.02-1.72 and ˂1 fold for the Ağılköy population. In the populations of N. californicus, glutathioın Stransferase (GST) and monooxygenase (P450) enzymes were identified with the kinetic method and the esterase enzyme was identified through electrophoresis and the kinetic method. The enzyme activities of esterase, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and monooxygenase (P450) were 8.98-11.05, 2.05-2.62 and 0.0239-0.0426 mOD min-1 mg -1 protein, respectively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Neoseiulus californicus
• acaricide
• resistance
• synergist
• detoxification enzymes

Kaynakça

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